Caracterização da variação diária e sazonal do CO2 atmosférico em cultivo da palma de óleo com híbridos interespecíficos (Elaeis guineensis X Elaeis oleifera) no Leste da Amazônia.

Estudos acerca das mudanças climáticas constataram que o aumento substancial da concentração de gases do efeito estufa na atmosfera (GEE), como o dióxido de carbono (CO2), poderá causar consequências ao meio ambiente e aos seres vivos em diversos aspectos, sobretudo em regiões de grande biodiversidade, como a Amazônia. A região possui uma grande extensão de áreas degradadas oriundas principalmente de desmatamentos. Atualmente têm-se investido no cultivo de culturas perenes como a palma de óleo (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) visando recuperar estas áreas. Medidas contínuas do perfil vertical da concentração do CO2 atmosférico ([CO2]) foram obtidas durante os meses de março a junho de 2014 em plantio com híbridos interespecíficos da palma de óleo, na empresa Marborges Agroindústria S.A., Moju, Pará. Esse período compreendeu o máximo da estação chuvosa e a transição para a estação seca no leste da Amazônia. Durante o período noturno, [CO2] aumentou nos níveis próximos do solo, atingindo valores de até 393 ppm. E, durante o diurno, a menor [CO2] foi igual a 379 ppm, observada à altura média da copa (~6 m). A curva média da variação diária da [CO2] mostrou um decréscimo próximo às 7h30 e voltou a aumentar às 18h

Low-field microwave absorption and magnetoresistance in iron nanostructures grown by electrodeposition on n-type lightly-doped silicon substrates

In this study we investigate magnetic properties, surface morphology and crystal structure in iron nanoclusters electrodeposited on lightly-doped (100) n-type silicon substrates. Our goal is to investigate the spin injection and detection in the Fe/Si lateral structures. The samples obtained under electric percolation were characterized by magnetoresistive and magnetic resonance measurements with cycling the sweeping applied field in order to understand the spin dynamics in the as-produced samples. The observed hysteresis in the magnetic resonance spectra, plus the presence of a broad peak in the non-saturated regime confirming the low field microwave absorption (LFMA), were correlated to the peaks and slopes found in the magnetoresistance curves. The results suggest long range spin injection and detection in low resistive silicon and the magnetic resonance technique is herein introduced as a promising tool for analysis of electric contactless magnetoresistive samples.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

(In)Consistencies in responses to sodium bicarbonate supplementation: a randomised, repeated measures, counterbalanced and double-blind study

Objectives: Intervention studies do not account for high within-individual variation potentially compromising the magnitude of an effect. Repeat administration of a treatment allows quantification of individual responses and determination of the consistency of responses. We determined the consistency of metabolic and exercise responses following repeated administration of sodium bicarbonate (SB). Design and Methods: 15 physically active males (age 25 ± 4 y; body mass 76.0 ± 7.3 kg; height 1.77 ± 0.05 m) completed six cycling capacity tests at 110% of maximum power output (CCT 110% ) following ingestion of either 0.3 g.kg -1 BM of SB (4 trials) or placebo (PL, 2 trials). Blood pH, bicarbonate, base excess and lactate were determined at baseline, pre-exercise, post-exercise and 5-min post-exercise. Total work done (TWD) was recorded as the exercise outcome. Results: SB supplementation increased blood pH, bicarbonate and base excess prior to every trial (all p ≤0.001); absolute changes in pH, bicarbonate and base excess from baseline to pre-exercise were similar in all SB trials (all p > 0.05). Blood lactate was elevated following exercise in all trials (p ≤ 0.001), and was higher in some, but not all, SB trials compared to PL. TWD was not significantly improved with SB vs. PL in any trial (SB1: +3.6%; SB2 +0.3%; SB3: +2.1%; SB4: +6.7%; all p > 0.05), although magnitude-based inferences suggested a 93% likely improvement in SB4. Individual analysis showed ten participants improved in at least one SB trial above the normal variation of the test although five improved in none. Conclusions: The mechanism for improved exercise with SB was consistently in place prior to exercise, although this only resulted in a likely improvement in one trial. SB does not consistently improve high intensity cycling capacity, with results suggesting that caution should be taken when interpreting the results from single trials as to the efficacy of SB supplementation. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT0247462

Comparison between the Torquato-Rintoul theory of the interface effect in composite media and elementary results

We show that the interface effect on the properties of composite media recently proposed by Torquato and Rintoul (TR) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4067 (1995)] is in fact elementary, and follows directly from taking the limit in the dipolar polarizability of a coated sphere: the TR ``critical values'' are simply those that make the dipolar polarizability vanish. Furthermore, the new bounds developed by TR either coincide with the Clausius-Mossotti (CM) relation or provide poor estimates. Finally, we show that the new bounds of TR do not agree particularly well with the original experimental data that they quote.Comment: 13 pages, Revtex, 8 Postscript figure

Danos à cultura do algodoeiro em função de níveis de severidade da Ramulose.

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Iron Compounds in Brazilian Pre-Columbian Pigments Identified by \u3csup\u3e57\u3c/sup\u3eFe Mossbauer Spectroscopy and X-Ray Powder Diffraction

Mossbauer spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction have been used to identify iron compounds in pre-Columbian pigments, probably used for art decorating, collected from the oldest archaeological site of Early Man presently known in American at Sao Raimundo Nonato, in Northeastern Brazil. The iron compounds were identified as being alpha-Fe203 (haematite) with full Morin transition supressed and small particles of alpha-FeOOH (goethite)

Influência do tipo de substratos e da condição de plantio no desenvolvimento de xilopódios para produção de picles de umbuzeiro.

Objetivando avaliar a formação de xilopódios (raízes modificadas) de umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa Arruda) para produção de picles, conduziu-se um experimento em telado na Embrapa Semi-Árido em Petrolina-PE, visando estudar o desenvolvimento de plântulas em oito tipos de substrato sob duas condições de plantio