1,995 research outputs found
A time-dependent Tsirelson's bound from limits on the rate of information gain in quantum systems
We consider the problem of distinguishing between a set of arbitrary quantum
states in a setting in which the time available to perform the measurement is
limited. We provide simple upper bounds on how well we can perform state
discrimination in a given time as a function of either the average energy or
the range of energies available during the measurement. We exhibit a specific
strategy that nearly attains this bound. Finally, we consider several
applications of our result. First, we obtain a time-dependent Tsirelson's bound
that limits the extent of the Bell inequality violation that can be in
principle be demonstrated in a given time t. Second, we obtain a
Margolus-Levitin type bound when considering the special case of distinguishing
orthogonal pure states.Comment: 15 pages, revtex, 1 figur
Investigation of sputtering effects on the moon's surface Eleventh quarterly status report, 25 Oct. 1965 - 24 Jan. 1966
Implications of Lunar 9 moon probe, sputtering yield reduction due to surface roughness, water formation by solar wind bombardment, photometric function of moon, and chemical sputterin
A strong converse for classical channel coding using entangled inputs
A fully general strong converse for channel coding states that when the rate
of sending classical information exceeds the capacity of a quantum channel, the
probability of correctly decoding goes to zero exponentially in the number of
channel uses, even when we allow code states which are entangled across several
uses of the channel. Such a statement was previously only known for classical
channels and the quantum identity channel. By relating the problem to the
additivity of minimum output entropies, we show that a strong converse holds
for a large class of channels, including all unital qubit channels, the
d-dimensional depolarizing channel and the Werner-Holevo channel. This further
justifies the interpretation of the classical capacity as a sharp threshold for
information-transmission.Comment: 9 pages, revte
State of the art of pricing policy in air transportation: network carriers vs. low-cost airlines
The modern air transport industry is highly competitive. To survive in the market, the implementation of a successful marketing strategy is fundamental. In particular, an effective pricing policy has become crucial for airlines to remain profitable. Correspondingly, the different types of airline in the market have also established very distinct pricing policies. The present study is based on a literature review and presents the state of the art of pricing policy in air transportation. The aim is to compare and discuss the pricing strategies of network carriers and low-cost airlines. Special attention is paid to Revenue Management, which is a very important management tool used by airlines to take advantage of the differences in willingness to pay of passengers. The pricing policy, however, depends on the overall business strategy of the airline. Results show many differences, resulting from the fact that these two types of airline are characterized by very different fundamental business models and, correspondingly, also target groups. Since network carriers and also low-cost airlines have adjusted their pricing strategies lately, these recent developments will be discussed as well. This paper adds to the knowledge of this topic because it presents the most up-to-date and complete study on pricing regarding network carriers vs. low-cost airlines.A moderna indústria do transporte aéreo é altamente competitiva. Para
sobreviver no mercado, a implementação de uma estratégia de marketing
bem-sucedida é fundamental. Em particular, uma política de preços eficaz
tornou-se crucial para as companhias aéreas continuarem lucrativas. Os
diferentes tipos de companhias aéreas no mercado também
estabeleceram políticas de preços muito distintas. O presente estudo
baseia-se numa revisão da literatura e apresenta o estado da arte da
política de preços no transporte aéreo. O objetivo é comparar e discutir
as estratégias de preços de companhias aéreas de linha e companhias
aéreas de baixo custo. Atenção especial é dada à Gestão de Receitas
(Revenue Management), que é uma ferramenta de gestão usada pelas
companhias aéreas para aproveitar as diferenças na disposição de pagar
dos passageiros. A política de preços, no entanto, depende da estratégia
geral de negócios da companhia aérea. Os resultados mostram muitas
diferenças, resultantes do facto de que esses dois tipos de companhias
aéreas são caracterizados por modelos de negócios fundamentais muito
diferentes e, correspondentemente, também grupos-alvo. Como as
operadoras de rede e também as companhias aéreas de baixo custo
ajustaram as suas estratégias de preços ultimamente, esses
desenvolvimentos recentes também serão discutidos. Este documento
contribui para o conhecimento deste tópico, pois apresenta o estudo mais
atualizado e completo sobre preços de companhias aéreas de linha versus
companhias aéreas de baixo custo.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Entropic uncertainty relations and locking: tight bounds for mutually unbiased bases
We prove tight entropic uncertainty relations for a large number of mutually
unbiased measurements. In particular, we show that a bound derived from the
result by Maassen and Uffink for 2 such measurements can in fact be tight for
up to sqrt{d} measurements in mutually unbiased bases. We then show that using
more mutually unbiased bases does not always lead to a better locking effect.
We prove that the optimal bound for the accessible information using up to
sqrt{d} specific mutually unbiased bases is log d/2, which is the same as can
be achieved by using only two bases. Our result indicates that merely using
mutually unbiased bases is not sufficient to achieve a strong locking effect,
and we need to look for additional properties.Comment: 9 pages, RevTeX, v3: complete rewrite, new title, many new results,
v4: minor changes, published versio
Identification of QTLs for drought stress induced leaf senescence in barley using genome wide association studies
Near-term quantum-repeater experiments with nitrogen-vacancy centers: Overcoming the limitations of direct transmission
Quantum channels enable the implementation of communication tasks
inaccessible to their classical counterparts. The most famous example is the
distribution of secret key. However, in the absence of quantum repeaters, the
rate at which these tasks can be performed is dictated by the losses in the
quantum channel. In practice, channel losses have limited the reach of quantum
protocols to short distances. Quantum repeaters have the potential to
significantly increase the rates and reach beyond the limits of direct
transmission. However, no experimental implementation has overcome the direct
transmission threshold. Here, we propose three quantum repeater schemes and
assess their ability to generate secret key when implemented on a setup using
nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond with near-term experimental
parameters. We find that one of these schemes - the so-called single-photon
scheme, requiring no quantum storage - has the ability to surpass the capacity
- the highest secret-key rate achievable with direct transmission - by a factor
of 7 for a distance of approximately 9.2 km with near-term parameters,
establishing it as a prime candidate for the first experimental realization of
a quantum repeater.Comment: 19+17 pages, 17 figures. v2: added "Discussion and future outlook"
section and expanded introduction, published versio
Neck atonia with a focal stimulation-induced seizure arising from the SMA: pathophysiological considerations.
A 28-year-old patient with pharmacoresistant non-lesional right frontal epilepsy underwent extra-operative intracranial EEG recordings and electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) to map eloquent cortex. Right supplementary motor area (SMA) ECS induced a brief seizure with habitual symptoms involving neck tingling followed by asymmetric tonic posturing. An additional feature was neck atonia. During atonia and sensory aura, discharges were seen in the mesial frontal electrodes and precentral gyrus. Besides motor signs, atonia, although rare and not described in the neck muscles, and sensations have been reported with SMA stimulation. The mechanisms underlying neck atonia in seizures arising from the SMA can be explained by supplementary negative motor area (SNMA) - though this was not mapped in electrodes overlying the ictal onset zone in our patient - or primary sensorimotor cortex activation through rapid propagation. Given the broad spectrum of signs elicited by SMA stimulation and rapid spread of seizures arising from the SMA, caution should be taken to not diagnose these as non-epileptic, as had previously occurred in this patient
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