1,940 research outputs found
Exploring the gravitationally lensed system HE 1104-1805: Near-IR Spectroscopy
(Abridged) A new technique for the spatial deconvolution of spectra is
applied to near-IR (0.95 - 2.50 micron) NTT/SOFI spectra of the lensed,
radio-quiet quasar HE 1104-1805. The continuum of the lensing galaxy is
revealed between 1.5 and 2.5 micron. It is used in combination with previous
optical and IR photometry to infer a plausible redshift in the range 0.8 < z <
1.2. Modeling of the system shows that the lens is probably composed of the red
galaxy seen between the quasar images and a more extended component associated
with a galaxy cluster with fairly low velocity dispersion (~ 575 km/s). The
spectra of the two lensed images of the source show no trace of reddening at
the redshift of the lens nor at the redshift of the source. Additionally, the
difference between the spectrum of the brightest component a nd that of a
scaled version of the faintest component is a featureless continuum. Broad and
narrow emission lines, including the FeII features, are perfectly subtracted.
The very good quality of our spectrum makes it possible to fit precisely the
optical Fe II feature, taking into account the underlying continuum over a wide
wavelength range. HE 1104-1805 can be classified as a weak Fe II emitter.
Finally, the slope of the continuum in the brightest image is steeper than the
continuum in the faintest image and supports the finding by Wisotzki et al.
(1993) that the brightest image is microlensed. This is particularly
interesting in view of the new source reconstruction methods from
multiwavelength photometric monitoring.Comment: to be published in A&A, 8 pages, 9 postscript figure
Internal Dynamics of Globular Clusters
Galactic globular clusters, which are ancient building blocks of our Galaxy,
represent a very interesting family of stellar systems in which some
fundamental dynamical processes have taken place on time scales shorter than
the age of the universe. In contrast with galaxies, these clusters represent
unique laboratories for learning about two-body relaxation, mass segregation
from equipartition of energy, stellar collisions, stellar mergers, and core
collapse. In the present review, we summarize the tremendous developments, as
much theoretical as observational, that have taken place during the last two
decades, and which have led to a quantum jump in our understanding of these
beautiful dynamical systems.Comment: A review of 171 pages (TeX, no special macros) in press in The
Astronomy and Astrophysics Review. Only 7 figures available in postscript
for
Ipteks Pencatatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah di Badan Pengelola Pajak dan Retribusi Daerah Kota Manado
Regional original income is regional income originating from the results of regional taxes, regional restitution, profits from regionally-owned enterprises, and other legitimate local revenues in exploring funding in the implementation of autonomy as a manifestation of the principle of decentralization. The purpose of this study is to analyze the comparison of the realization of local revenue in the Tax Management and Retribution Agency of the City of Manado during 2016-2017. The method used in this study is descriptive method. It\u27s good that the leadership of the Regional Tax and Retribution Management Board of the City of Manado pays more attention to regional revenue so that there is no significant increase or decrease every year
Evidence for Three Subpopulations of Globular Clusters in the Early-Type Post-Starburst Shell Galaxy AM 0139-655
We present deep HST ACS images of the post-starburt shell galaxy AM 0139-655.
We find evidence for the presence of three distinct globular cluster
subpopulations associated with this galaxy: a centrally concentrated young
population (~ 0.4 Gyr), an intermediate age population (~ 1 Gyr) and an old,
metal-poor population similar to that seen around normal galaxies. The g-I
color distribution of the clusters is bimodal with peaks at 0.85 and 1.35. The
redder peak at g-I=1.35 is consistent with the predicted color for an old
metal-poor population. The clusters associated with the peak at g-I=0.85 are
centrally concentrated and interpreted as a younger and more metal-rich
population. We suggest that these clusters have an age of ~ 0.4 Gyr and solar
metallicity based on a comparison with population synthesis models. The
luminosity function of these "blue" clusters is well represented by a power
law. Interestingly, the brightest shell associated with the galaxy harbors some
of the youngest clusters observed. This seems to indicate that the same merger
event was responsible for the formation of both the shells and the young
clusters. The red part of the color distribution contains several very bright
clusters, which are not expected for an old, metal-poor population.
Furthermore, the luminosity function of the "red" GCs cannot be fit well by
either a single gaussian or a single power law. A composite (gaussian + power
law) fit to the LF of the red clusters yields both a low rms and very plausible
properties for an old population plus an intermediate-age population of GCs.
Hence, we suggest that the red clusters in AM 0139-655 consist of two distinct
GC subpopulations, one being an old, metal-poor population as seen in normal
galaxies and one having formed during a recent dissipative galaxy merger.Comment: 35 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A
Globular clusters and dwarf galaxies in Fornax - I. Kinematics in the cluster core from multi-object spectroscopy
We acquired radial velocities of a significant number of globular clusters
(GCs) on wide fields between galaxies in the nearby Fornax cluster of galaxies,
in order to derive their velocity dispersion radial profile and to probe the
dynamics of the cluster. We used FLAMES on the VLT to obtain accurate
velocities for 149 GCs, within a ~500x150 kpc strip centered on NGC 1399, the
Fornax central galaxy. These objects are at the very bright tail (M_V < -9.5)
of the GC luminosity function, overlapping the so-called ``ultra-compact
dwarfs'' magnitude range. Eight of the brightest FLAMES-confirmed members
indeed show hints of resolution in the subarcsecond pre-imaging data we used
for selecting the ~500 targets for FLAMES spectroscopy. Ignoring the GCs around
galaxies by applying 3d_25 diameter masks, we find 61 GCs of 20.0 < V < 22.2
lying in the intra-cluster (IC) medium. The velocity dispersion of the
population of ICGCs is 200 km/s at ~150 kpc from the central NGC 1399 and rises
to nearly 400 km/s at 200 kpc, a value which compares with the velocity
dispersion of the population of dwarf galaxies, thought to be infalling from
the surroundings of the cluster.Comment: To be published in A&A Letters. 4 pages, 3 figures, 3 table
Enhanced heparan sulfate proteoglycan-mediated uptake of cell-penetrating peptide-modified liposomes
Protein transduction domains (PTDs) are used to enhance cellular uptake of drugs, proteins, polynucleotides or liposomes. In this study, functionalized Antennapedia (Antp, aa 43--58) and HIV Tat (aa 47-57) peptides were coupled to small unilamellar liposomes via thiol-maleimide linkage. Modified liposomes showed higher uptake into a panel of cell lines including tumor and dendritic cells than unmodified control liposomes. Liposome uptake was time and concentration dependent as analyzed by flow cytometry and live-cell microscopy. At least 100 PTD molecules per small unilamellar liposome (100 ± 30 nm) were necessary for efficient translocation into cells. Cellular uptake of PTD-modified liposomes was 15- to 25-fold increased compared to unmodified liposomes and was inhibited by preincubation of liposomes with heparin. Glycosaminoglycan-deficient CHO cells showed dramatically reduced cell association of PTD-modified liposomes, confirming the important role of heparan sulfate proteoglycans in PTD-mediated uptake. Antp-liposomes used as carriers of the cytotoxic drug N4-octadecyl-1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-(5′- 5′)-3′-C-ethinylcytidine showed a reduction of the IC50 by 70% on B16F1 melanoma cells compared with unmodified liposomes. PTD-functionalized liposomes, particularly Antp-liposomes, represent an interesting novel carrier system for enhanced cell-specific delivery of a large variety of liposome-entrapped molecule
A G1-like globular cluster in NGC 1023
The structure of a very bright (MV = -10.9) globular cluster in NGC 1023 is
analyzed on two sets of images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope. From
careful modeling of King profile fits to the cluster image, a core radius of
0.55+/-0.1 pc, effective radius 3.7+/-0.3 pc and a central V-band surface
brightness of 12.9+/-0.5 mag / square arcsec are derived. This makes the
cluster much more compact than Omega Cen, but very similar to the brightest
globular cluster in M31, G1 = Mayall II. The cluster in NGC 1023 appears to be
very highly flattened with an ellipticity of about 0.37, even higher than for
Omega Cen and G1, and similar to the most flattened clusters in the Large
Magellanic Cloud.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted for AJ, Oct 200
Benefit and risk of intrathecal morphine without local anaesthetic in patients undergoing major surgery: meta-analysis of randomized trials
Intrathecal morphine without local anaesthetic is often added to a general anaesthetic to prevent pain after major surgery. Quantification of benefit and harm and assessment of dose-response are needed. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized trials testing intrathecal morphine alone (without local anaesthetic) in adults undergoing major surgery under general anaesthesia. Twenty-seven studies (15 cardiac-thoracic, nine abdominal, and three spine surgery) were included; 645 patients received intrathecal morphine (dose-range, 100-4000 µg). Pain intensity at rest was decreased by 2 cm on the 10 cm visual analogue scale up to 4 h after operation and by about 1 cm at 12 and 24 h. Pain intensity on movement was decreased by 2 cm at 12 and 24 h. Opioid requirement was decreased intraoperatively, and up to 48 h after operation. Morphine-sparing at 24 h was significantly greater after abdominal surgery {weighted mean difference, −24.2 mg [95% confidence interval (CI) −29.5 to −19.0]}, compared with cardiac-thoracic surgery [−9.7 mg (95% CI −17.6 to −1.80)]. The incidence of respiratory depression was increased with intrathecal morphine [odds ratio (OR) 7.86 (95% CI 1.54-40.3)], as was the incidence of pruritus [OR 3.85 (95% CI 2.40-6.15)]. There was no evidence of linear dose-responsiveness for any of the beneficial or harmful outcomes. In conclusion, intrathecal morphine decreases pain intensity at rest and on movement up to 24 h after major surgery. Morphine-sparing is more pronounced after abdominal than after cardiac-thoracic surgery. Respiratory depression remains a major safety concer
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