Body size, skeletal maturity and functional characteristics of elite academy soccer players on entry between 1992 and 2003

Secular changes in body size, estimated fatness, skeletal maturation, and functional characteristics of youth soccer players on entry into an elite academy between 1992 and 2003 were compared. Annual selections grouped across time (1992–1995, 1996–1998, 1999–2003), playing position (goalkeeper, defender, midfielder, forward), and by eventual status in the sport (professional, non-professional) were compared. Data for 158 players (age 13.4 ± 0.4 years) at entry into the academy included skeletal age (Greulich-Pyle method), height, weight, relative fatness, four field tests of functional capacities (aerobic, anaerobic, power, speed), and quadriceps concentric strength of the dominant and non-dominant legs. MANCOVA with age as the covariate and chi square were used for comparisons across years. With few exceptions (but notably estimated [Vdot]O2max), results for player size, functional characteristics, and skeletal maturation did not differ among years. Distributions of players by skeletal maturity status and within each playing position also did not differ between years. Although related research has suggested that the anthropometric characteristics of professional players and demands of contemporary professional soccer competition increased over this period, the size, maturity, and functional characteristics of youth players on entry to an elite academy and of graduates who eventually played soccer as professionals generally did not change across annual selections from 1992 to 2003. The results suggest a lack of change in selection philosophies and practices of coaches involved in recruiting players for the academy, which in turn is reflected in consistency of specific evaluation criteria employed over the decade considered

Purdue Pharma: Appalachia\u27s Worst Nightmare

This thesis describes the legal implications of Purdue Pharma’s vital role that implicated them in the opioid crisis after their release of the renowned drug, OxyContin. Purdue Pharma released the infamous drug in 1995 and the world of drugs and addiction has never been the same. Thousands of oxycontin-related deaths, pharmacies and medical professionals found liable, and countless lawsuits against the powerful company. This research expands on these lawsuits, the implications of these against Purdue Pharma, and the improvements made in the pharmaceutical company to prevent a disaster such as the opioid crisis from repeating itself

Statistical mediation analysis in social psychology: An overview and application of the single mediator model

Mediation has become a prevalent statistical analysis in social psychology. There are multiple ways in which researchers assess a mediated effect. This manuscript provides an overview of four methods: the Baron and Kenny (1986) method, the product of coefficients approach, percentile bootstrapping, and bias-corrected bootstrapping. These methods are then applied to a social psychology example to assess if people’s inferences of a target’s tolerance of historically marginalized groups (e.g. “Racial/Ethnic minorities”) is a mediator between condition (whether that target is described as a Trump supporter or non-political control) and stigma toward that target. In this example, all methods provided the same results. However, this is not always the case and it is the duty of the researcher to make certain they are using the correct method to assess the mediation effect

DETEKSI DISTRIBUSI WHITE SPOT SYNDROME VIRUS PADA BERBAGAI ORGAN UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei)

One way to detect the presence of the White Spot Syndrome Virus in several organs Vaname shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) were infected with the method of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). WSSV virus isknown to attack various target organs, but it is difficult to detect early on shrimp. Therefore, this study aims todetect the presence of the distribution of White Spot Syndrome Virus in several organs Vaname shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) were infected with the Polymerase Chain Reaction method in order to early detectionefforts for the prevention and treatment of diseases caused by the virus. Organ observed that the swimming legs,gills, stomach and antennal gland. Research stages include sample preparation and DNA extraction, DNAamplification and electrophoresis. DNA extraction was performed using the method DTAB and CTAB-DNAamplification is done by using nested PCR. The emergence of DNA bands is an indicator of the presence ofWSSV in shrimp Vaname several organs which are then presented desktriptif. The results showed four WSSVinfected organs were observed. Based on the appearance, the entire sample of the swimming leg and antennalgland positively infected, then successively gills and stomach. The swimming leg can be used to diagnose thedisease early on shrimp WSSV Vaname without turning off the shrimp.Keywords : Distribution, Vanname shrimp, WSSV, PC

Analisis Keragaman Genetik Pada Ikan Kerapu Macan (Epinephelus Fuscoguttatus) Yang Tahan Terhadap Penyakit Yang Disebabkan Bakteri Vibrio Alginolyticus

The research was purposed to analyse genetic similarity of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) inorder to select grouper that was resistant to Vibrio alginolyticus. In this study, fish were challenged with Vibrioalginolyticus and genetic similarity was examined by a PCR-RAPD method. Eight RAPD primers were used forPCR-RAPD analysis. The results showed that only three primers of RAPD primer (YNZ-22, UBC-456, danUBC-457) generated high number of RAPD fragments. The resistant group of tiger groupers generated higherpolymorph RAPD fragments than the susceptible groups. RAPD primer YNZ-22 and UBC-457 generated 82 %and 71 % of RAPD polymorph fragments from resistant group of fish and 71% and 60 % from susceptiblegroups, respectively. Primer YNZ-22 is a best genetic marker to analyse genetic similarity of tiger groupersproduced specific marker ranging from 1,2-2,0 kb. Genetic distances between the population of resistant fishand population of susceptible fish was 0.5091 and between individual of the resistant fish and susceptible fishwas 0.7032

Morfometrik Dan Meristik Ikan Baronang (Siganus Canaliculatus Park, 1797) Di Perairan Teluk Bone Dan Selat Makassar

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan menentukan perbedaan karakter morfometrik dan meristik ikanbaronang Siganus sp yang berada di Teluk Bone dan Selat Makassar, untuk menentukan apakah spesies Siganussp yang ada di Kabupaten Luwu memiliki perbedaan dengan daerah lain. Sampel ikan 60 ekor diidentifikasi dandianalisis dengan mengacu pada metode identifikasi Saanin (1995), Allen (2000) serta Carpenter (2001).Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Analisis Faktorial Diskriminan dengan bantuan Software microsoft exceldan SPSS Statistics 16.0, untuk menguji apakah terdapat perbedaan karakter yang nyata antar kelompokpopulasi yang ditentukan oleh sejumlah variabel kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapatduakarakter penciri untuk Kabupaten Luwu yaitu Panjang Total, dan Lebar Mata, sedangkan untuk perairan KotaParepare memiliki tiga karakter penciri yaitu Tinggi Badan, Panjang Jari-jari Sirip Perut Terakhir, dan PanjangHidung. Hasilpenelitianmenunjukkandarikedualokasimerupakanspesies yang sama. Ujitest of equality dari 29karakter yang diuji menghasilkan 24 karakater yang tidak bersifat pembeda atau sekitar (83%) karakater(cenderung sama), dan sekitar (17%) karakteristik morfometrik yang cenderung berbeda

Kajian Lingkungan Tempat Pemilahan Sampah di Kota Makassar

This study aims to evaluate the existing condition of waste sorting place in Makkassar City and the existing regulations in supporting the handling of waste in Makassar City in order to produce formulation of waste sorting system from household to TPS. Methods of data collection used in this study are: (1) study of literature and regulation, and waste management system in several cities and major countries to be adopted in Makassar; (2) field survey to find out the complaints in the community around the place of sorting of garbage; (3) Focus Group Discussion (FGD) from various stakeholders including the community around the place of waste segregation and related SKPD. Likert scale (as one of attitude scale) for the development of statistical analysis technique where ordinal data is converted to interval data, the result will be analyzed using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to formulate policy about septic and environmentally friendly waste separation place in Makassar City. The result of the research shows that: (1) Waste Bank and TPS3R in Makassar city can improve the economy of society and reduce unemployment, (2) Waste Bank in Makassar city acceptable to society and not cause negative impact, (3) TPS3TR in Makassar City according to people's perception around the location can make dirty air due to dust and environmental smoke, (4) TPS3TR in Makassar City according to the perception of the people around the location can disrupt the general traffic around the TPS3R location, (5) Garbage Bank and TPS3R in Makassar City can improve people's economy and reduce unemployment