Examining the key drivers of residential solar adoption in upstate New York

This research examines the decision factors influencing adoption of residential solar electric power systems in upstate New York. New York has a goal to provide 100% of electric energy in the State through renewable resources, which includes solar electricity, by 2030. Thus, identifying the most important decision factors may be useful in understanding potential means of promoting solar technology adoption. Through an online survey of homeowners in upstate New York who have installed residential solar systems, the research examined the importance of decision factors influencing the decision to adopt and how factors have changed over time. The research finds that environmental motivations are slightly more important than economics and that perception of solar installers is also important to adopters. This work contributes new insights to the field of research examining solar and renewable energy technology adoption at the residential scale, addresses the role of policy in promoting solar adoption, and provides insights for developers and others looking to enhance the rates of solar technology adoption at the residential scale

Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) for the analysis of water motion in a domestic dishwasher

AbstractMotion of water inside a household dishwasher has been characterised via Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT). The technique enables the visualisation of the motion of a radioactive tracer in three-dimensional and opaque systems. Results showed a periodic sequence of the water over time, encompassing the following steps: movement inside internal equipment and spray arm, ejection via jets, impact over walls and crockery, downfall (either over walls, crockery or free falling) and recirculation of the bulk water from the bottom of the dishwasher. This sequence was shown to occur within a few seconds and the highest velocities, and therefore, the highest kinetic energies, were found upon ejection. Jet paths were observed to follow a straight line. Increased pump speeds increased velocity ejection profiles, but the effect over the downfall step was negligible. In fully loaded dishwasher (with crockery), the tracer moved slower in these high packing zones, showing low velocity profile areas with higher residence times. Other stagnant areas were found at the edges of the bulk of water remaining at the bottom of the dishwasher. Use of detergent did not seem to affect water motion. Finally, data generated via CFD was compared with equivalent PEPT data, showing good agreement for the spray arm and ejection steps but disagreement in the free falling step. The divergences in the results can be explained by a combination of PEPT data processing and CFD model constraints. Information gathered is helping the development of more sustainable and efficient dishwashing systems

Molecular excitation in the Interstellar Medium: recent advances in collisional, radiative and chemical processes

We review the different excitation processes in the interstellar mediumComment: Accepted in Chem. Re

HIGH RESOLUTION STUDY OF THE B↔XB \leftrightarrow X SYSTEM OF ISOTOPIC SPECTES OF CO

Author Institution: Launay and Letzelter: Observatoire de Paris, D\'epartment d'Astrophysique Fondamentale (C.N.R.S. U.A. 812); Equipe de Spectroscopie (C.N.R.S. U.A. 171), Ecole des Mines; D\'epartement de Physique, Universit\'eA de ToursThe Vacuum Ultra-Violet Band Spectrum System $B{^{1}} \Sigma^{+} - X{^{1}}\Sigma^{+}$ of 12C160, 13C160, 12C180 and 13C180 have been extensively studied at High Resolution in both Absorption and Emission. In Absorption a band, observed in all isotopes, is shown to be $B \leftarrow X (v^{\prime}- 2,v^{\prime\prime} -0)$ with however anomalous vibrational spacing and rotational constants and a local perturbation. Some of the observed emission bands have not been reported before even at low resolution and none at high resolution. All of them exhibit sharp breaking off typical of predissociation of CO, giving directly an improved upper limit for the Dissociation Energy of the ground state of CO into C(3P)+O(3P)

Randomized controlled trial: Comparing the effectiveness of brief group cognitive behavioural therapy and group eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing interventions for PTSD in internally displaced persons, administered by paraprofessionals in Northern Iraq

Structured abstract Background and aims In 2023, 339 million people need humanitarian assistance due to emergencies. In those contexts, prevention and treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) are extremely important. Trauma Focussed Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) are recommended treatments but their deployment comes up against various obstacles, especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC) where mental health professionals are rare. Developing evidence-based, brief, group interventions by paraprofessionals might be an option for scaling up. Methods The research has been conducted in northern Iraq, in a complex on-going emergency setting. After one psycho-education session on trauma, adults over 18 years of age, willing to participate to the program and with IES-R (Impact Event Scale-Revised, Weiss & Marmar, 1997) score superior or equal to 33 were randomly assigned to TF-CBT or EMDR Group-Traumatic Episode Protocol (G-TEP) interventions. Eighty-six men and women, internally displaced, living in camps, received six sessions of either TF-CBT (n = 46) or EMDR G-TEP (n = 40) in groups settings. Measures included IES-R, Hospital Depression Scales (HADS, (Zigmond & Snaith, 1983)) at admission and after six sessions. Statistical analysis has been done on participants that have attended at least sessions one and six of the protocols. For each group (TF-CBT and G-TEP), results between pre-treatment and post-treatment were compared using Student's t-test paired for quantitative variables and chi-square paired for qualitative variables to measure the effectiveness of each treatment. All tests were bilateral and were considered significant at p < 0.05. Results Results in the TF-CBT group showed a significant reduction in IES-R (t = 7.38; p = 0.001; Effect Size= 1.088), HAD-Depression (t = 6.03; p = 0.001; Effect Size= 0.889) and HAD-Anxiety (t = 6.34; p = 0.001; Effect Size=0.934). Results in the EMDR- G-TEP group showed a significant reduction in IES-R (t = 4.63; p< 0.001; Effect Size= 0.732), HAD-Depression (t = 3.12; p = 0.003; Effect Size=0.494) and HAD-Anxiety (t = 3.01; p = 0.005; Effect Size=0.475). Both populations remained clinical, despite a significant treatment effect. There was no statistical difference between the two treatments. Conclusions Findings open the possibility to scale up EMDR G-TEP or TF-CBT interventions in groups conducted by paraprofessionals for reducing PTSD symptomatology within humanitarian programs