Analysis of the fisheries diversification funds in Spain during the period 2007 2014

[EN] A study has been carried out of the fisheries diversification projects in Spain during the period 2007-44, most of which were founded through Axis 4 of the European Fisheries Fund (EFF). On the one hand, the investments have been classified by areas of diversification in order to know how and where investment has been made and the quantities involved. On the other hand, the effectiveness of the different projects has been analysed from the point of view of the Fisheries Local Action Groups (FLAGs) managers. The results of this analysis may be useful for designing future diversification strategies in rural coastal areas, as well as for implementing similar strategies in other countries.The authors would like to thank the Spanish Economy and Competitiveness Ministry for its support through the Research Project CSO2016-76135-P.Miret Pastor, LG.; Molina-García, A.; García-Aranda, C.; Herrera-Racionero, P. (2018). Analysis of the fisheries diversification funds in Spain during the period 2007 2014. Marine Policy. 93:150-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.04.014S1501589

Liquid biopsy by NGS: Differential presence of exons (DPE) is related to metastatic potential in a colon-cancer model in the rat

Differential presence of exons (DPE) is a method of interpretation of exome sequencing, which has been proposed to design a predictive algorithm with clinical value in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The goal of the present study was to examine the reproducibility in a rat model of metastatic colon cancer. DHD/K12-TRb cells were injected in syngenic immunocompetent BD-IX rats. Cells were from two stocks with low and normal metastatic potential, and injected into two separate groups of rats. Five to ten weeks after injection, blood samples were taken prior euthanasia and whole exome sequencing performed. Through DPE analysis, we identified a set of exons whose differential presence in plasma allowed us to compare both groups of tumor-bearing animals. A verification test was performed to confirm that the algorithm was able to classify extracted samples into their corresponding groups of origin. The highest mean probability was 0.8954. In conclusion, the DPE analysis in tumor-bearing animals was able to discriminate between different disease status, which fully supports previous results in CRC patients.This studywas funded by two grants from"Instituto de Salud Carlos III", Spain (FIS; refs. PS09/01815 and PI13/01924

Active cervical range of motion in babies with positional plagiocephaly: Analytical cross-sectional study

Positional plagiocephaly (PP) is a general term describing cranial distortion from preor postnatal forces on the infant head. Abnormal intrauterine forces, multiple births, primiparous mothers, obstetric interventions, prematurity, male sex, excessive time lying in the supine position, and mobility restrictions of the cervical spine have been considered as the main predisposing factors. The objective was to investigate the association between the severity of PP and the active cervical rotation and to analyze the influence of predisposing factors in babies with PP. An analytical crosssectional study was performed on 74 babies with moderate PP. Clinical and demographic data, cranial vault asymmetry, and active cervical rotation range of motion (ROM) were measured. Associations were analyzed with generalized linear models. The mean age was 16.8 ± 5.0 weeks, and 56.8% were male. A restriction in the ROM of active cervical rotation, especially to the left side, was observed. Our models showed that cranial asymmetry was related with left active cervical rotation ROM (p = 0.034) and with being transported in a pushchair (p < 0.001). Conclusions: An increased severity of PP was related with being transported in a baby pushchair and with a reduced active cervical rotation ROM toward the most restricted side. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

An Initial Empirical Assessment of an Ontological Model of the Human Genome

Conceptual modeling is used to model application domains for which an information system is needed. One of the most complex domains to which conceptual modeling has been applied is that of the human genome. Due to its complexity, its understanding is often left to domain experts. Conceptual models represent genomics-related concepts, with various purposes, including domain clarification or data structures design for facilitating data integration. However, traditional conceptual models, which might be expressed, for example, with UML, may not be appropriate for properly explaining such a complex domain, thus requiring an additional layer to ground the model on well-accepted ontological foundations. To achieve this result, an “ontological unpacking” method has been proposed that uses OntoUML as a visual formalism. In this research, we carry out an empirical study to compare the two mentioned representations. The study involved a small group of participants, who responded to a set of questions by reading either a UML model or its related OntoUML unpacked version; the results enabled us to assess their understanding of the domain. We aim to initiate a practical evaluation framework to assess the effectiveness, efficiency and user beliefs of models derived by ontologically unpacking traditional conceptual models. The results of the analysis provide the basis for a broader assessment

Assessing the value of ontologically unpacking a conceptual model for human genomics

Although the knowledge about human genomics is available to all scientists, information about this scientific breakthrough can often be difficult to fully comprehend and share. A Conceptual Schema of the Human Genome was previously developed to assist in describing human genome-related knowledge, by representing a holistic view of the relevant concepts regarding its biology and underlying mechanisms. This model should become helpful for any researcher who works with human genomics data. We, therefore, perform the process of ontological unpacking on a portion of the model, to facilitate domain understanding and data exchange among heterogeneous systems. The ontological unpacking is a transformation of an input conceptual model into an enriched model based on a foundational ontology. The preliminary analysis and enrichment process are supported by the ontological conceptual modeling language OntoUML, which has been applied previously to complex models to gain ontological clarity. The value of the used method is first assessed from a theoretical point of view: the transformation results in significant, diverse modeling implications regarding the characterization of biological entities, the representation of their changes over time, and, more specifically, the description of chemical compounds. Since the ontological unpacking process is costly, an empirical evaluation is conducted to study the practical implications of applying it in a real learning setting. A particularly complex domain such as metabolic pathways is either described by adopting a traditional conceptual model or explained through an ontologically unpacked model obtained from a traditional model. Our research is evidence that including a strong ontological foundation in traditional conceptual models is useful. It contributes to designing models that convey biological domains better than the original models

Mechanical characterisation of tungsten-1wt.% yttrium oxide as a function of temperature and atmosphere

This study evaluates the mechanical behaviour of an Y2O3-dispersed tungsten (W) alloy and compares it to a pure W reference material. Both materials were processed via mechanical alloying (MA) and subsequent hot isostatic pressing (HIP). We performed non-standard three-point bending (TPB) tests in both an oxidising atmosphere and vacuum across a temperature range from 77 K, obtained via immersion in liquid nitrogen, to 1473 K to determine the mechanical strength, yield strength and fracture toughness. This research aims to evaluate how the mechanical behaviour of the alloy is affected by oxides formed within the material at high temperatures, primarily from 873 K, when the materials undergo a massive thermal degradation. The results indicate that the alloy is brittle to a high temperature (1473 K) under both atmospheres and that the mechanical properties degrade significantly above 873 K. We also used Vickers microhardness tests and the dynamic modulus by impulse excitation technique (IET) to determine the elastic modulus at room temperature. Moreover, we performed nanoindentation tests to determine the effect of size on the hardness and elastic modulus; however, no significant differences were found. Additionally, we calculated the relative density of the samples to assess the porosity of the alloy. Finally, we analysed the microstructure and fracture surfaces of the tested materials via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In this way, the relationship between the macroscopic mechanical properties and micromechanisms of failure could be determined based on the temperature and oxides forme

Scalar sigma meson effects in radiative rho^0-meson decays

We study the radiative $\rho^0\to \pi^+\pi^-\gamma$ and $\rho^0\to \pi^0\pi^0\gamma$ decays and we calculate their branching ratios using a phenomenological approach by adding to the amplitude calculated within the framework of chiral perturbation theory and vector meson dominance the amplitude of $\sigma$-meson intermediate state. Our results for the branching ratios are in good agreement with the experimental values.Comment: to be published in Phys. Rev.

The Spanish society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (SENPE) and its relation with healthcare authorities

Está muy bien documentado en la literatura médica que la desnutrición es un problema común en todos los niveles de atención sanitaria, desde atención primaria a especializada y en centros de atención geriátrica. Este problema no se limita a países con pocos recursos económicos o con limitado desarrollo social y económico. También es un problema universal en Europa. La desnutrición aumenta las cifras de morbilidad, mortalidad, ingresos hospitalarios y duración de la estancia. Estas cifras más elevadas suponen lógicamente un aumento del uso de recursos sanitarios. A pesar de esto, el problema de la desnutrición a menudo puede pasar desapercibido y el paciente no recibir el tratamiento necesario. Este problema requiere la cooperación de múltiples agentes tales como los Gobiernos de los Estados, los profesionales de la salud y los mismos ciudadanos. El VIII Foro de Debate concluye con la necesidad de establecer un claro plan de actuación (a semejanza de la European Alliance for Health Nutrition) y la creación de una plataforma (coalición) que reúna las voces de asociaciones de profesionales sanitarios, instituciones, colegios profesionales, asociaciones de pacientes, industria y entidades aseguradoras. Los fines de esta plataforma consistirán en informar de la extensión del problema, identificar y potenciar líderes que transmitan los fines de esta iniciativa ante las autoridades autonómicas y nacionales, propuesta de soluciones y colaboración en su puesta en marcha y finalmente, evaluación/ control de las acciones desarrolladasIt has been well documented in medical literature that hyponutrition is a common issue at all healthcare levels, from primary to specialized health care, as well as geria - tric healthcare facilities. This problem is not limited to countries with scarce economic resources or limited social development; it is also a universal issue in Europe. Hyponutrition increases the rates of morbidity, mortality, hospital admissions, and hospital stay. These higher figures also represent a higher use of healthcare resources. In spite of this, hyponutrition may often go undetected and the patient may not receive the necessary treatment. This problem requires the cooperation of multiple agents such as the Governments, the healthcare professionals, and the citizens themselves. The VIII Discussion Forum concludes on the need to establish a clear-cut plant for action (similar to the European Alliance for Health Nutrition) and the creation of a platform (coalition) encompassing the voices of healthcare professionals associations, institutions, professional colleges, patients associations, the pharmaceutical companies, and insurance companies. The goals of this platform will be to inform about the extent of this issue, to identity and promote leaders that will convey the aims of this initiative to regional and national healthcare authorities, to present solutions and to collaborate in their implementation, and finally to assess/control the actions take

Physical activity quantification in elder women

Cuantificación de la actividad física en mujeres mayores

KLIC-score for predicting early failure in prosthetic joint infections treated with debridement, implant retention and antibiotics

AbstractDebridement, irrigation and antibiotic treatment form the current approach in early prosthetic joint infection (PJI). Our aim was to design a score to predict patients with a higher risk of failure. From 1999 to 2014 early PJIs were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed. The primary end-point was early failure defined as: 1) the need for unscheduled surgery, 2) death-related infection within the first 60 days after debridement or 3) the need for suppressive antibiotic treatment. A score was built-up according to the logistic regression coefficients of variables available before debridement. A total of 222 patients met the inclusion criteria. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were coagulase-negative staphylococci (95 cases, 42.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus (81 cases, 36.5%). Treatment of 52 (23.4%) cases failed. Independent predictors of failure were: chronic renal failure (OR 5.92, 95% CI 1.47–23.85), liver cirrhosis (OR 4.46, 95% CI 1.15–17.24), revision surgery (OR 4.34, 95% CI 1.34–14.04) or femoral neck fracture (OR 4.39, 95% CI1.16–16.62) compared with primary arthroplasty, C reactive protein >11.5 mg/dL (OR 12.308, 95% CI 4.56–33.19), cemented prosthesis (OR 8.71, 95% CI 1.95–38.97) and when all intraoperative cultures were positive (OR 6.30, 95% CI 1.84–21.53). A score for predicting the risk of failure was designed using preoperative factors (KLIC-score: Kidney, Liver, Index surgery, Cemented prosthesis and C-reactive protein value) and it ranged between 0 and 9.5 points. Patients with scores of ≤2, >2–3.5, 4–5, >5–6.5 and ≥7 had failure rates of 4.5%, 19.4%, 55%, 71.4% and 100%, respectively. The KLIC-score was highly predictive of early failure after debridement. In the future, it would be necessary to validate our score using cohorts from other institutions