Affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties in affine flag varieties

This paper studies affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties in the affine flag manifold of a split group. Among other things, it proves emptiness for certain of these varieties, relates some of them to those for Levi subgroups, extends previous conjectures concerning their dimensions, and generalizes the superset method.Comment: 44 pages, 4 figures. Minor changes to font, references, and acknowledgments. Improved introduction, other improvements in exposition, and two new figures added, for a total of

Развитие российского франчайзинга в отношении инновационных продуктов

A wireless epiretinal retina implant sytem, capable of stimulating the retinal ganglion cells in blind Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) patients, was developed. The prosthesis itself is completely implanted into the eyeball, with no cable crossing the eye's wall. Data and energy are provided by inductive coupling. The implant is based on a flexible polyimide tape with an intergrated receiver coil, stimulation electrodes and microchips. The system was implanted into six legally blind patients for four weeks. All patients reported on visual sensations, evoked by electrical stimulations of their retina. The required stimulation thresholds were found to be very low. Implantation and explantation surgery were performed without complications. The implant was well tolerated for the duration of four weeks

Fusarium species and mycotoxin profiles on commercial maize hybrids in Germany

Abstract High year-to-year variability in the incidence of Fusarium spp. and mycotoxin contamination was observed in a two-year survey investigating the impact of maize ear rot in 84 field samples from Germany. Fusarium verticillioides, F. graminearum, and F. proliferatum were the predominant species infecting maize kernels in 2006, whereas in 2007 the most frequently isolated species were F. graminearum, F. cerealis and F. subglutinans. Fourteen Fusariumrelated mycotoxins were detected as contaminants of maize kernels analyzed by a multi-mycotoxin determination method. In 2006, a growth season characterized by high temperature and low rainfall during anthesis and early grain filling, 75% of the maize samples were contaminated with deoxynivalenol, 34% with fumonisins and 27% with zearalenone. In 2007, characterized by moderate temperatures and frequent rainfall during the entire growth season, none of the 40 maize samples had quantifiable levels of fumonisins while deoxynivalenol and zearalenone were detected in 90% and 93% of the fields, respectively. In addition, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxnivalenol, moniliformin, beauvericin, nivalenol and enniatin B were detected as common contaminants produced in both growing seasons. The results demonstrate a significant mycotoxin contamination associated with maize ear rots in Germany and indicate, with regard to anticipated climate change, that fumonisins-producing species already present in German maize production may become more important. Keywords Deoxynivalenol . Ear rot . F. verticillioides . F. graminearum . Fumonisin . Zearalenon

What Drives Inventory Accumulation? : News on Rates of Return and Marginal Costs

We study the effects of news shocks on inventory accumulation in a structural VAR framework. We establish that inventories react strongly and positively to news about future increases in total factor productivity. Theory suggests that the transmission channel of news shocks to inventories works through movements in marginal costs, through movements in sales, or through interest rates. We provide evidence that changes in external and internal rates of return are central to the transmission for such news shocks. We do not find evidence of a strong substitution effect that shifts production from the present into the future

Effect of environmental conditions on plant growth regulator activity of fungicidal seed treatments of barley

The triazole fungicide triadimenol is known to have plant growth regulator (PGR) activity in cereals when applied as a seed dressing. The effect of environmental conditions on PGR activity of triadimenol, other triazoles (flutriafol, prothioconazole, tebuconazole), the benzimidazole fuberidazole, imidazoles (imazalil, prochloraz), and the strobilurin fluoxastrobin on barley (Hordeum vulgare) was investigated using commercial seed dressings also including pyrimethanil (anilinopyrimidine) and triazoxide (benzotriazine), under controlled conditions. Irrespective of temperature or soil water content (SWC) triazole-containing seed treatments had a significant effect on the time and rate of plant emergence. Both triadimenolcontaining products significantly reduced the length of subcrown internodes and resulted in reduced shoot length three weeks after sowing. Growth suppression was stronger under optimal environmental conditions (17 to 19°C, 60 % SWC). Under suboptimal conditions – 9 to 10°C and 40 % SWC, respectively – no differences in shoot length were detected five weeks after sowing, whereas under optimal conditions plant growth retardation was still significant. The flutriafol-containing product partly inhibited shoot elongation, but never affected dry mass accumulation and root growth. The strobilurin-containing seed dressing had no marked plant growth activities on seedling emergence, shoot length and subcrown internode, but slightly stimulated root growth under all environmental conditions. The results indicate varying PGR activities of triazole seed dressings in response to mixing partner and growth conditions and suggest an increased stress tolerance of seedlings treated with triadimenol, enabling barley to better cope with suboptimal environmental conditions

Taking Stock of TFP News Shocks : The Inventory Comovement Puzzle

Inventories are an important, highly volatile and forward looking component of the business cycle, yet they have been largely neglected by the literature on TFP news shocks that argues such shocks are important drivers of macroeconomic fluctuations. We use a standard VAR identification to document a new fact: in response to TFP news, inventories move procyclically along with the other major macroeconomic aggregates. Our finding is not self-evident: conventional views would suggest news about higher future productivity provides incentives to run the current inventory stock down and increase stockholding in the future when productivity is high. We provide evidence that this substitution effect is dominated by a demand effect due to which firms increase inventories in response to sales in light of rising consumption and investment. Our empirical fact corroborates the view that TFP news shocks are important drivers of macroeconomic fluctuations. However, it imposes a challenge to existing theoretical frameworks as they fail to reproduce the procyclical inventory movements in response to TFP news shocks. We suggest this comovement puzzle can be solved through extending a standard framework with intangible capital and wage stickiness

Furlough and household financial distress during the COVID-19 pandemic

We study how being furloughed affects household financial distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. Furlough increases the probability of late housing and bill payments by 30% and 19%, respectively. At the aggregate level, furlough increases the incidence of financial distress by 3.38 percentage points. To offset furlough-induced income reductions, individuals significantly reduce consumption and spend savings. Relative to unemployment, the potential alternative in the absence of a furlough scheme, furlough reduces the incidence of financial distress by 95%. Estimates show an 80% government contribution to furloughed workers' wages minimizes the incidence of financial distress at the lowest cost to taxpayers