Role of estrogen related receptor beta (ESRRB) in DFN35B hearing impairment and dental decay

BACKGROUND: Congenital forms of hearing impairment can be caused by mutations in the estrogen related receptor beta (ESRRB) gene. Our initial linkage studies suggested the ESRRB locus is linked to high caries experience in humans. METHODS: We tested for association between the ESRRB locus and dental caries in 1,731 subjects, if ESRRB was expressed in whole saliva, if ESRRB was associated with the microhardness of the dental enamel, and if ESRRB was expressed during enamel development of mice. RESULTS: Two families with recessive ESRRB mutations and DFNB35 hearing impairment showed more extensive dental destruction by caries. Expression levels of ESRRB in whole saliva samples showed differences depending on sex and dental caries experience. CONCLUSIONS: The common etiology of dental caries and hearing impairment provides a venue to assist in the identification of individuals at risk to either condition and provides options for the development of new caries prevention strategies, if the associated ESRRB genetic variants are correlated with efficacy.Fil: Weber, Megan L.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Hsin, Hong Yuan. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Kalay, Ersan. Karadeniz Technical University; TurquíaFil: Brožková, Dana Š. Charles University; República Checa. University Hospital Motol; República ChecaFil: Shimizu, Takehiko. Nihon University. School of Dentistry; JapónFil: Bayram, Merve. Medipol Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Deeley, Kathleen. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Küchler, Erika C.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Forella, Jessalyn. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Ruff, Timothy D.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Trombetta, Vanessa M.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Sencak, Regina C.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Hummel, Michael. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Briseño Ruiz, Jessica. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Revu, Shankar K.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Granjeiro, José M.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Antunes, Leonardo S.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Antunes, Livia A.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Abreu, Fernanda V.. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Costabel, Marcelo C.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Tannure, Patricia N.. Veiga de Almeida University; Brasil. Salgado de Oliveira University; BrasilFil: Koruyucu, Mine. Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Patir, Asli. Medipol Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Poletta, Fernando Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas ; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Mereb, Juan C.. Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas; ArgentinaFil: Castilla, Eduardo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas ; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Orioli, Iêda M.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Marazita, Mary L.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Ouyang, Hongjiao. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Jayaraman, Thottala. University of Pittsburgh; Estados UnidosFil: Seymen, Figen. Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Vieira, Alexandre R.. University of Pittsburgh; Estados Unido

MRI of pregnant patients for suspected pulmonary embolism: steady-state free precession vs postgadolinium 3D-GRE

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary embolism is a leading cause of maternal mortality in the developed world. Ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy and Computer tomography cause ionizing radiation exposure. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is generally not indicated in pregnant patients. MRI using motion resistant techniques that do not use intravenous contrast material, such as balanced steady-state free precession may be a better approach in pregnant patients. PURPOSE: To describe the preliminary findings of the use of SSFP for the evaluation of pregnant patients with suspected PE, and to compare with a young women population evaluated with postgadolinium 3D-gradient echo sequences for the same intention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiology database was searched for two groups of subjects who underwent chest MRI at 1.5T for suspected PE, between January, 2007 and June, 2010: pregnant patients with MRI including balanced SSFP (group A) and females younger than 45 years old including a T1-weighted postgadolinium 3D-GRE (group B) sequence. The final study population consisted of 21 subjects. Blind and independent evaluation of MR images was performed for image quality of the pulmonary arterial system, PE and other chest findings. Data was subject to statistical analysis. RESULTS: Good image quality was observed in all central and lobar arteries on both groups and in 90% (group A) and at least 83.3% (group B) of the segmental arteries. There was no significant difference between groups A and B for image quality of central and lobar pulmonary arteries (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: SSFP can visualize central, lobar and segmental pulmonary arteries with sufficient image quality in pregnant patients, comparable to 3D-GRE

Postoperative pain intensity after using different instrumentation techniques: a randomized clinical study

Postoperative pain is a frequent complication associated with root canal treatment, especially during apical instrumentation of tooth with preexisting periradicular inflammation OBJECTIVES: The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the influence of the instrumentation techniques on the incidence and intensity of postoperative pain in single-visit root canal treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety patients with single root/canal and non-vital pulps were included. The patients were assigned into 3 groups according to root canal instrumentation technique used; modified step-back, reciprocal, and rotational techniques. Root canal treatment was carried out in a single visit and the severity of postoperative pain was assessed via 4-point pain intensity scale. All the participants were called through the phone at 12, 24 and 48 h to obtain the pain scores. Data were analyzed through the Kruskal–Wallis test. RESULTS: There was significant difference between all groups (p<0.05). The modified step-back technique produced postoperative pain significantly lower than the rotational (p=0.018) and reciprocal (p=0.020) techniques. No difference was found between the reciprocal and rotational techniques (p=0.868). Postoperative pain in the first 12 h period (p=0.763) and in the 24 h period (p=0.147) was not significantly different between the groups. However, the difference in the 48 h period was statistically different between the groups (p=0.040). CONCLUSION: All instrumentation techniques caused postoperative pain. The modified step-back technique produced less pain compared to the rotational and reciprocal techniques

Language Development of Children

The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of a training program so as to support language development in children provided for the fathers, having 36-48 month-old children who do not get pre-school education. For this purpose, "Father Language Assistance Program" has been developed by the researcher. The sample of the study consisted of 42 fathers, living in Emet county in Kutahya, whose children do not get preschool education, and the children of these fathers. In the study, the research design with pre-and post-test control groups was used. 22 fathers in the sample were involved randomly in the experimental group and exposed to 8-week father language assistance training program while the other 20 fathers were determined as the control group and did not get any kind of father training. The language development levels of the children were assessed with "Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test". In the analysis of data Mann Whitney U Test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test were used. According to the findings of the study, a statistically significant difference was found between the language development levels of the children whose fathers were involved in "Father Language Assistance Program" and the levels of other children whose fathers weren't. Therefore, "Father Language Assistance Program" affects children's language development levels positively. The study also proves the positive effect of the training program given to the fathers on children's language development and so contributes to the literature