Obere Altersgrenze für Kinderkliniken in der Schweiz

Kinderkliniken in der Schweiz sollen die ambulante und stationäre Behandlung für alle Jugendlichen bis mindestens 18 Jahre anbieten. Der Transitionsprozess von Jugendlichen von der Pädiatrie in die Erwachsenenmedizin soll frühzeitig geplant werden. Der allein vom chronologischen Alter abhängige Transfer von Jugendlichen in die Erwachsenenmedizin soll aufgegeben werden. Stattdessen sollen Selbst-Management-Fähigkeiten des jugendlichen Patienten sowie seine Kompetenz in der Interessenwahrnehmung gegenüber dem Behandlungsteam ausschlaggebend sein für die Beurteilung der Bereitschaft für einen Transfer. Fachpersonen der Erwachsenenmedizin, welche über wenig Erfahrung in der Behandlung von jugendlichen Patienten verfügen, sollen in ihren Bemühungen unterstützt werden, Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene altersangemessen und umfassend unter Berücksichtigung biopsychosozialer Entwicklungsaspekte zu betreuen. Gewisse Patienten mit angeborenen seltenen Krankheiten benötigen unter Umständen eine Langzeit-Zusammenarbeit zwischen den pädiatrischen Spezialisten und dem erwachsenen- medizinischen Behandlungsteam bis weit über 18 Lebensjahre hinaus

A school-based program implemented by community providers previously trained for the prevention of eating and weight-related problems in secondary-school adolescents : the MABIC study protocol

Background: The prevention of eating disorders and disordered eating are increasingly recognized as public health priorities. Challenges in this field included moving from efficacy to effectiveness and developing an integrated approach to the prevention of a broad spectrum of eating and weight-related problems. A previous efficacy trial indicated that a universal disordered eating prevention program, based on the social cognitive model, media literacy educational approach and cognitive dissonance theory, reduced risk factors for disordered eating, but it is unclear whether this program has effects under more real-world conditions. The main aim of this effectiveness trial protocol is to test whether this program has effects when incorporating an integrated approach to prevention and when previously-trained community providers implement the intervention. Methods/design: The research design involved a multi-center non-randomized controlled trial with baseline, post and 1-year follow-up measures. Six schools from the city of Sabadell (close to Barcelona) participated in the intervention group, and eleven schools from four towns neighboring Sabadell participated in the control group. A total of 174 girls and 180 boys in the intervention group, and 484 girls and 490 boys in the control group were registered in class lists prior to baseline. A total of 18 community providers, secondary-school class tutors, nurses from the Catalan Government's Health and School Program, and health promotion technicians from Sabadell City Council were trained and delivered the program. Shared risk factors of eating and weight-related problems were assessed as main measures. Discussion: It will be vital for progress in disordered eating prevention to conduct effectiveness trials, which test whether interventions are effective when delivered by community providers under ecologically valid conditions, as opposed to tightly controlled research trials. The MABIC project will provide new contributions in this transition from efficacy to effectiveness and new data about progress in the integrated approach to prevention. Pending the results, the effectiveness trial meets the effectiveness standards set down by the Society for Prevention Research. This study will provide new evidence to improve and enhance disordered eating prevention programs

Partial eating disorders among adolescents: a review.

PURPOSE: Many adolescents do not fulfill all the DSM-IV criteria's for anorexia nervosa and bulimia, but do nevertheless suffer from partial eating disorders (EDs). This review focuses on the definition, epidemiology and clinical aspects of these disorders. METHODS: Search on Medline & PsycINFO, review of websites, screening of bibliographies of articles and book chapters. RESULTS: There is still no consensus on the definition of these disorders, which cover a wide range of severity. Affected adolescents often suffer from physical and psychological problems owing to co-morbidity or as a consequence of their eating patterns: chronic constipation, dyspeptic symptoms, nausea, abdominal pain, fatigue, headaches, hypotension, menstrual dysfunction as well as dysthymia, depressive and anxiety disorders, or substance misuse and abuse. In comparison with those who are unaffected, adolescents with partial ED are at higher risk of evolving into full ED. However, most of them evolve into spontaneous remission. Adolescents with partial ED engaged, over a period of several months, in potentially unhealthy weight-control practices, suffering from intense fear of gaining weight and a disturbed body weight/image should be offered therapeutic support. CONCLUSION: Future research should focus on the exact delineation of various subtypes of clinical presentations in partial ED and on evidence-based treatment and follow-up of these various situations

Approche interdisciplinaire des troubles de la conduite alimentaire = [Multidisciplinary approach of eating disorders]

Les troubles de la conduite alimentaire (TCA), anorexie mentale, boulimie, frénésies alimentaires et leurs variantes, apparaissent le plus souvent à l'adolescence. Environ 3% des jeunes femmes en sont atteintes, et probablement le double présentent des variantes cliniques. Il s'agit de troubles psychiques complexes avec un retentissement somatique plus ou moins marqué puisque le pronostic vital peut être mis en cause. Mais le danger est surtout celui du passage à la chronicité et à l'organisation durable de la personnalité de ces jeunes filles autour de ces conduites. Anorexie et boulimie sont donc des manifestations très sérieuses qui nécessitent une réponse spécialisée associant soins psychiques et somatiques bien coordonnés. [Auteurs] [Abstract] Eating disorders like anorexia, bulimia nervosa and binge eating, as well as analogous behaviour begin or occur most of the time during adolescence. Around three percents of adolescent females suffer from an eating disorder, while twice as many exhibit deviant behaviour in the field of nutrition (atypical eating disorders). These conducts, who have a strong psychiatric origin, can bring severe somatic dysfunction and even death. But the main risk is that these situations can become chronic, with devastating psycho-social and somatic consequences. It is thus of utmost importance to set-up appropriate somatic and psychiatric care of these patient, which ideally should be co-ordinated and conducted by a multidisciplinary team. [Authors]]]> Adolescent ; Eating Disorders ; Anorexia ; Bulimia fre oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_F518454E2C19 2022-02-19T02:33:51Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_F518454E2C19 Can HIV be eradicated? info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/9633000 Pantaleo, G. Perrin, L. info:eu-repo/semantics/review article 1998 AIDS, vol. 12 Suppl A, pp. S175-80 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0269-9370 Anti-HIV Agents/*therapeutic use CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes HIV/*drug effects/physiology HIV Infections/*drug therapy/physiopathology Humans Lymphoid Tissue/immunology/virology Viral Load Virion Virus Replication/drug effects oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_F519CF5D68CB 2022-02-19T02:33:51Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_F519CF5D68CB History of cholelithiasis and cancer risk in a network of case-control studies. info:doi:10.1093/annonc/mdr581 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/annonc/mdr581 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/22231026 Tavani, Alessandra Rosato, Valentina Di Palma, F. Bosetti, Cristina Talamini, Renato Dal Maso, Luigino Zucchetto, Antonella Levi, Fabio Montella, Maurizio Negri, Eva Franceschi, Silvia La Vecchia, Carlo info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2012 Annals of Oncology, vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 2173-2178 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1569-8041 urn:issn:0923-7534 <![CDATA[Background We analyzed the relationship between cholelithiasis and cancer risk in a network of case-control studies conducted in Italy and Switzerland in 1982-2009. Methods The analyses included 1997 oropharyngeal, 917 esophageal, 999 gastric, 23 small intestinal, 3726 colorectal, 684 liver, 688 pancreatic, 1240 laryngeal, 6447 breast, 1458 endometrial, 2002 ovarian, 1582 prostate, 1125 renal cell, 741 bladder cancers, and 21 284 controls. The odds ratios (ORs) were estimated by multiple logistic regression models. Results The ORs for subjects with history of cholelithiasis compared with those without were significantly elevated for small intestinal (OR = 3.96), prostate (OR = 1.36), and kidney cancers (OR = 1.57). These positive associations were observed ≥10 years after diagnosis of cholelithiasis and were consistent across strata of age, sex, and body mass index. No relation was found with the other selected cancers. A meta-analysis including this and three other studies on the relation of cholelithiasis with small intestinal cancer gave a pooled relative risk of 2.35 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.82-3.03]. Conclusion In subjects with cholelithiasis, we showed an appreciably increased risk of small intestinal cancer and suggested a moderate increased risk of prostate and kidney cancers. We found no material association with the other cancers considered

Correlates of extracurricular sport participation among Swiss adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Based on a large national survey on the health of adolescents, this paper focuses on the socio-demographic and lifestyle correlates of sport practice among Swiss adolescents. The SMASH2002 database includes 7428 vocational apprentices and high school students between the ages of 16 and 20 who answered a self-administered anonymous questionnaire containing 565 items targeting perceived health, health attitudes and behaviour. Weekly episodes of extracurricular sport activity were measured by a four-category scale, and the sample was dichotomised between active (&gt;or=two episodes of sport/week) and inactive (&lt;two episodes of sport/week) respondents. Thirty percent of female respondents and 40.2% of male respondents reported engaging in sport activity at least two to three times a week; another 9.7% of the female and 19.4% of the male respondents reported participating in least one sport activity each day (p&lt;0.01). The percentage of active respondents was higher among students than among vocational apprentices (p&lt;.01), and the rates of sport activity decreased more sharply over time among the apprentices than among the students (p&lt;0.01). Most active adolescents reported having a better feeling of well-being than their inactive peers [among male students: odds ratio (OR): 3.13; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.28-7.70]. The percentage of active females who reported being on a diet was high, and female apprentices exhibited higher involvement in dieting than their inactive peers (OR: 1.68; 95%CI: 1.32-2.14). Relative to the inactive male respondents, the proportion of active male respondents smoking was lower; however, a lower proportion of the latter group did not report drunkenness, and the percentage of those who reported lifetime cannabis consumption was higher among active than inactive students (females, OR:1.57; 95%CI:1.09-2.25; males, OR:1.80; 95%CI: 20-2.69). CONCLUSION: Organised sport activities should be better tailored to the work schedules of apprentices. Practitioners should be aware of the potential for problematic behaviour in the area of dieting and substance use among a subset of sport-oriented adolescents