Surrender of Athletic Charter, to Dean Dougherty et al, July 5, 1951

Addressed to: N. W. Dougherty, Fred C. Smith, R. R. Neyland, Ralph E. Dunford, J. P. Hess, John L. Neely, Jr., and Harold Rea

Setup of Athletic Board, to Dean Dougherty et al, October 29, 1951

Addressed to: N. W. Dougherty, Fred C. Smith, R. R. Neyland, Ralph E. Dunford, J. P. Hess, John L. Neely, Jr., Harold Read, and John C. Baug

Evolution of the obscura group Drosophila species.: III. phylogenetic relationships in the subobscura cluster based on homologies of chromosome A

The Drosophila subobscura cluster comprises D. subobscura, D. madeirensis and D. guanche, species closely related to some interspecific crosses are possible. This paper clarifies definitively the homologies of the segments of the sex chromosome A (= X) among these species and thus permits a phylogenetic seriation of them. This seriation is identical to the one suggested by the study of chromosome O and concordant with similar data for the remaining three rod autosomes (J, U and E), which, however, do not provide qualitative evidence on this subject.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Shifting Boundaries of Teacher Professionalism: Education Privatization(s) in the Post-Socialist Education Space

Educators worldwide have been caught in the middle of complex globalization debates. One such debate has centered on the role of international education “experts”—usually of Western origin-in the construction and dissemination of “best practices” globally. Whether advising national governments or consulting for international development agencies (such as the World Bank, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development or the United Nations), these “experts” have operated on the assumption that there exists a common and legitimate “blueprint” of educational policies and practices, which would lead (if implemented properly) to increased educational opportunities and improved educational quality worldwide. In the context of (neo)liberal globalization, they have been called upon to advise governments on such salient policy topics as education governance, teaching methods, curriculum reform, or (in the case of American international development assistance) anti-terrorism. More oen than not, their advice has focused on the diusion of global education policies and practices that, for many scholars in comparative education, have been central in analyses of the coercive spread of (neo)liberal education reforms such as standardization of curricula, decentralization and privatization of schools, or the introduction of national educational assessment and international testing (Dale, 2000; Apple, 2006, 2009; Arnove and Torres, 2007; Robertson, 2007; Torres, 2009; Rizvi and Lingard, 2010)

Speaker-specific processing of anomalous utterances

Existing work shows that readers often interpret grammatical errors (e.g., The key to the cabinets *were shiny) and sentence-level blends (“without-blend”: Claudia left without her headphones *off) in a non-literal fashion, inferring that a more frequent or more canonical utterance was intended instead. This work examines how interlocutor identity affects the processing and interpretation of anomalous sentences. We presented anomalies in the context of “emails” attributed to various writers in a self-paced reading paradigm and used comprehension questions to probe how sentence interpretation changed based upon properties of the item and properties of the “speaker.” Experiment 1 compared standardised American English speakers to L2 English speakers; Experiment 2 compared the same standardised English speakers to speakers of a non-Standardised American English dialect. Agreement errors and without-blends both led to more non-literal responses than comparable canonical items. For agreement errors, more non-literal interpretations also occurred when sentences were attributed to speakers of Standardised American English than either non-Standardised group. These data suggest that understanding sentences relies on expectations and heuristics about which utterances are likely. These are based upon experience with language, with speaker-specific differences, and upon more general cognitive biases

Probabilistic online processing of sentence anomalies

Listeners can successfully interpret the intended meaning of an utterance even when it contains errors or other unexpected anomalies. The present work combines an online measure of attention to sentence referents (visual world eye-tracking) with offline judgments of sentence meaning to disclose how the interpretation of anomalous sentences unfolds over time in order to explore mechanisms of non-literal processing. We use a metalinguistic judgment in Experiment 1 and an elicited imitation task in Experiment 2. In both experiments, we focus on one morphosyntactic anomaly (Subject-verb agreement; The key to the cabinets literally *were … ) and one semantic anomaly (Without; Lulu went to the gym without her hat ?off) and show that non-literal referents to each are considered upon hearing the anomalous region of the sentence. This shows that listeners understand anomalies by overwriting or adding to an initial interpretation and that this occurs incrementally and adaptively as the sentence unfolds

Amplitude and wavelength scaling of sinusoidal roughness effects in turbulent channel flow at fixed \u3cem\u3eRe\u3c/em\u3e\u3csub\u3eτ\u3c/sub\u3e

Direct numerical simulations are performed for incompressible, turbulent channel flow over a smooth wall and different sinusoidal wall roughness configurations at a constant Reτ = 720. Sinusoidal walls are used to study the effects of well-defined geometric features of roughness-amplitude, a, and wavelength, λ, on the flow. The flow in the near-wall region is strongly influenced by both a and λ. Establishing appropriate scaling laws will aid in understanding the effects of roughness and identifying the relevant physical mechanisms. Using inner variables and the roughness function to scale the flow quantities provides support for Townsend’s hypothesis, but inner scaling is unable to capture the flow physics in the near-wall region. We provide modified scaling relations considering the dynamics of the shear layer and its interaction with the roughness. Although not a particularly surprising observation, this study provides clear evidence of the dependence of flow features on both a and λ. With these relations, we are able to collapse and/or align peaks for some flow quantities and, thus, capture the effects of surface roughness on turbulent flows even in the near-wall region. The shear-layer scaling supports the hypothesis that the physical mechanisms responsible for turbulent kinetic energy production in turbulent flows over rough walls are greatly influenced by the shear layer and its interaction with the roughness elements. Finally, a semiempirical model is developed to predict the contribution of pressure and skin friction drag on the roughness element based purely on its geometric parameters and the corresponding shear-layer velocity scale

Manned maneuvering unit applications for automated rendezvous and capture

Automated Rendezvous and Capture (AR&C) is an important technology to multiple National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) programs and centers. The recent Johnson Spacecraft Center (JSC) AR&C Quality Function Deployment (QFD) has listed on-orbit demonstration of related technologies as a near term priority. Martin Marietta has been evaluating use of the Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU) for a low cost near term on-orbit demonstration of AR&C technologies such as control algorithms, sensors, and processors as well as system level performance. The MMU Program began in 1979 as the method of repairing the Space Shuttle (STS) Thermal Protection System (the tiles). The units were not needed for this task, but were successfully employed during three Shuttle flights in 1984: a test flight was flown in in February as proof of concept, in April the MMU participated in the Solar Max Repair Mission, and in November the MMU's returned to space to successfully rescue the two errant satellites, Westar and Palapa. In the intervening years, the MMU simulator and MMU Qualification Test Unit (QTU) have been used for Astronaut training and experimental evaluations. The Extra-Vehicular Activities (EVA) Retriever has used the QTU, in an unmanned form, as a free-flyer on the Johnson Space Center (JSC) Precision Air Bearing Floor (PABF). Currently, the MMU is undergoing recertification for flight. The two flight units were removed from storage in September, 1991 and evaluation tests were performed. The tests demonstrated that the units are in good shape with no discrepancies that would preclude further use. The Return to Flight effort is currently clearing up recertification issues and evaluating the design against the present Shuttle environments

Distribution of the retrotransposable element 412 in Drosophila species

Copy numbers of sequences homologous to the Drosophila melanogaster retrotransposable element 412, their dis tribution between the chromosome arms and the chromocenter, and whether they contain full-size copies were analyzed for 55 species of the Drosophila genus. Element 412 insertion sites were detected on the chromosome arms of D. melanogaster, Drosophila simulans, and a few species of the obscura group, but the chromocenter was labeled in almost all species. The presence of element 412 sequences in the majority of species shows that this element has a long evolutionary history in Drosophilidae, although it may have recently invaded the chromosomes in some species, such as D. simulans. Differences in copy number between species may be due to population size or specific endogenous or environmental factors and may follow the worldwide invasion of the species. Putative full-length copies were detected in the chromocenters of some species with no copies on the chromosome arms, suggesting that the chromocenter may be a shelter for such copies and not only for deleted ones.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio