1,300 research outputs found
The Astropy Project : sustaining and growing a community-oriented open-source project and the latest major release (v5.0) of the core package
Funding: We acknowledge the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation for their continued financial support. This work is partially supported by NASA under grant No. 80NSSC22K0347 issued through the NASA ROSES program. This work is partially supported by the international Gemini Observatory, a programof NSFâs NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation, on behalf of the Gemini partnership of Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, the Republic of Korea, and the United States of America. We also thank NumFOCUS and the Python Software Foundation for financial support. J.A.A.-M. acknowledges funding support from Macquarie University through the International Macquarie University Research Excellence Scholarship (âiMQRESâ). A.B. was supported by the LendĂźlet Program of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, project No. LP2018-7, and the KKP-137523 âSeismoLabâ Ălvonal grant of the Hungarian Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH). M.B. gratefully acknowledges support from the ANID BASAL project FB210003 and the FONDECYT regular grant 1211000. F.D. E. acknowledges funding through the H2020 ERC Consolidator grant 683184, the ERC Advanced grant 695671 âQUENCHâ and support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). N.K. acknowledges support from the MIT Pappalardo fellowship. K.A.O. acknowledges support from the European Research Council (ERC) through Advanced Investigator grant to C.S. Frenk, DMIDAS (GA 786910). C.P. is supported by the Canadian Space Agency under a contract with NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics. S.P. has been supported by Spanish MINECO-FEDER grant RTI2018-096188-B-I00 J.P.G. acknowledges funding support from Spanish public funds for research from project PID2019-107061GB-C63 from the âProgramas Estatales de GeneraciĂłn de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento CientĂfico y TecnolĂłgico del Sistema de I+D+i y de I+D+i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad,â as well as from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the âCenter of Excellence Severo Ochoaâ award to the Instituto de AstrofĂsica de AndalucĂa (SEV-2017-0709). N.S. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through the Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant 1842402. D.S. is supported by STFC grant ST/S000240/1. N.S. acknowledges the support of the Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Canadian Graduate ScholarshipâDoctoral Program, [funding reference numbers CGSD547212020].The Astropy Project supports and fosters the development of open-source and openly developed Python packages that provide commonly needed functionality to the astronomical community. A key element of the Astropy Project is the core package astropy, which serves as the foundation for more specialized projects and packages. In this article, we summarize key features in the core package as of the recent major release, version 5.0, and provide major updates on the Project. We then discuss supporting a broader ecosystem of interoperable packages, including connections with several astronomical observatories and missions. We also revisit the future outlook of the Astropy Project and the current status of Learn Astropy. We conclude by raising and discussing the current and future challenges facing the Project.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Peristaltic Transport of a Rheological Fluid: Model for Movement of Food Bolus Through Esophagus
Fluid mechanical peristaltic transport through esophagus has been of concern
in the paper. A mathematical model has been developed with an aim to study the
peristaltic transport of a rheological fluid for arbitrary wave shapes and tube
lengths. The Ostwald-de Waele power law of viscous fluid is considered here to
depict the non-Newtonian behaviour of the fluid. The model is formulated and
analyzed with the specific aim of exploring some important information
concerning the movement of food bolus through the esophagus. The analysis has
been carried out by using lubrication theory. The study is particularly
suitable for cases where the Reynolds number is small. The esophagus is treated
as a circular tube through which the transport of food bolus takes places by
periodic contraction of the esophageal wall. Variation of different variables
concerned with the transport phenomena such as pressure, flow velocity,
particle trajectory and reflux are investigated for a single wave as well as
for a train of periodic peristaltic waves. Locally variable pressure is seen to
be highly sensitive to the flow index `n'. The study clearly shows that
continuous fluid transport for Newtonian/rheological fluids by wave train
propagation is much more effective than widely spaced single wave propagation
in the case of peristaltic movement of food bolus in the esophagus.Comment: Accepted for publication in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (AMM),
Springe
In search of virus carriers of the 1988 and 2002 phocine distemper virus outbreaks in European harbour seals
European harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) populations decreased substantially during the phocine distemper virus (PDV) outbreaks of 1988 and 2002. Different hypotheses have stated that various seals and terrestrial carnivore species might be the source of infection. To further analyse these hypotheses, grey (Halichoerus grypus) and ringed (Phoca hispida) seals, polar bears (Ursus maritimus) and minks (Mustela lutreola) were sampled from the North Sea and East Greenland coasts between 1988 and 2004 and investigated by RT-PCR using a panmorbillivirus primer pair. However, all samples were negative for morbillivirus nucleic acid
Physical Response of the York River Estuary to Hurricane Isabel
After making landfall on the North Carolina coast on the morning of 18 September 2003, Category 2 Hurricane Isabel tracked northward parallel to and slightly west of the Chesapeake Bay. At Gloucester Point, near the mouth of the York River estuary, strong onshore winds with speeds in excess of 20 mâ
s-1 persisted for over 12 hours and peak winds reached over 40 mâ
s-1, causing a sustained up-estuary wind stress. Storm surge exceeded 2 m throughout most of the lower Chesapeake Bay. A 600 kHz acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), deployed at a depth of 8.5 m off Gloucester Point, provided high-quality data on waves, storm surge, currents, and acoustic backscatter throughout the water column before, during, and after the storm. Pressure and salinity sensors at three additional sites further up the estuary provided information on water surface slope and saltwater excursion up the estuary. A first-order estimate of three terms of the along-channel momentum equation (barotropic pressure gradient, acceleration, and friction) showed that the pressure gradient appeared to be balanced by the wind stress and the acceleration during the storm. The stormâs path and slow speed were the primary causes of the extremely high storm surge relative to past storms in the area.https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsbooks/1001/thumbnail.jp
Constraints on Stellar Flare Energy Ratios in the NUV and Optical From a Multiwavelength Study of GALEX and Kepler Flare Stars
We present a multiwavelength study of stellar flares on primarily G-type
stars using overlapping time domain surveys in the near ultraviolet (NUV) and
optical regimes. The NUV (GALEX) and optical (Kepler) wavelength domains are
important for understanding energy fractionations in stellar flares, and for
constraining the associated incident radiation on a planetary atmosphere. We
follow up on the NUV flare detections presented in Brasseur et al. 2019, using
coincident Kepler long (1557 flares) and short (2 flares) cadence light curves.
We find no evidence of optical flares at these times, and place limits on the
flare energy ratio between the two wavebands. We find that the energy ratio is
correlated with GALEX band energy, and extends over a range of about three
orders of magnitude in the ratio of the upper limit of Kepler band flare energy
to NUV flare energy at the same time for each flare. The two flares with Kepler
short cadence data indicate that the true Kepler band energy may be much lower
than the long cadence based upper limit. A similar trend appears for the bulk
flare energy properties of non-simultaneously observed flares on the same
stars. We provide updated models to describe the flare spectral energy
distribution from the NUV through the optical including continua and emission
lines to improve upon blackbody-only models. The spread of observed energy
ratios is much larger than encompassed by these models and suggests new physics
is at work. These results call for better understanding of NUV flare physics
and provide a cautionary tale about using only optical flare measurements to
infer the UV irradiation of close-in planets.Comment: 33 pages, 17 figures, 6 table. Accepted for publication in the
Astrophysical Journal. Associated analysis code on github here:
https://github.com/ceb8/optical_nuv_multiwavelength_flare_study/blob/main/README.m
Simulations over South Asia using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem): set-up and meteorological evaluation
The configuration and evaluation of the meteorology is presented for simulations over the South Asian region using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem). Temperature, water vapor, dew point temperature, zonal and meridional wind components, precipitation and tropopause pressure are evaluated against radiosonde and satellite-borne (AIRS and TRMM) observations along with NCEP/NCAR reanalysis fields for the year 2008. Chemical fields, with focus on tropospheric ozone, are evaluated in a companion paper. The spatial and temporal variability in meteorological variables is well simulated by the model with temperature, dew point temperature and precipitation showing higher values during summer/monsoon and lower during winter. The index of agreement for all the parameters is estimated to be greater than 0.6 indicating that WRF-Chem is capable of simulating the variations around the observed mean. The mean bias (MB) and root mean square error (RMSE) in modeled temperature, water vapor and wind components show an increasing tendency with altitude. MB and RMSE values are within &pm;2 K and 1â4 K for temperature, 30% and 20â65% for water vapor and 1.6 m s<sup>â1</sup> and 5.1 m s<sup>â1</sup> for wind components. The spatio-temporal variability of precipitation is also reproduced reasonably well by the model but the model overestimates precipitation in summer and underestimates precipitation during other seasons. Such a behavior of modeled precipitation is in agreement with previous studies on South Asian monsoon. The comparison with radiosonde observations indicates a relatively better model performance for inland sites as compared to coastal and island sites. The MB and RMSE in tropopause pressure are estimated to be less than 25 hPa. Sensitivity simulations show that biases in meteorological simulations can introduce errors of &pm;(10â25%) in simulations of tropospheric ozone, CO and NO<sub>x</sub>. Nevertheless, a comparison of statistical metrics with benchmarks indicates that the model simulated meteorology is of sufficient quality for use in chemistry simulations
Regional Environmental Change: Human Action and Adaptation. What does it take to meet the Belmont challenge?
Atmospheric tracers during the 2003-2004 stratospheric warming event and impact of ozone intrusions in the troposphere
New Time-Resolved, Multi-Band Flares In The GJ 65 System With gPhoton
Characterizing the distribution of flare properties and occurrence rates is
important for understanding habitability of M dwarf exoplanets. The GALEX space
telescope observed the GJ 65 system, composed of the active, flaring M stars BL
Cet and UV Cet, for 15900 seconds (~4.4 hours) in two ultraviolet bands. The
contrast in flux between flares and the photospheres of cool stars is maximized
at ultraviolet wavelengths, and GJ 65 is the brightest and nearest flaring M
dwarf system with significant GALEX coverage. It therefore represents the best
opportunity to measure low energy flares with GALEX. We construct high cadence
light curves from calibrated photon events and find 13 new flare events with
NUV energies ranging from 10^28.5 - 10^29.5 ergs and recover one previously
reported flare with an energy of 10^31 ergs. The newly reported flares are
among the smallest M dwarf flares observed in the ultraviolet with sufficient
time resolution to discern light curve morphology. The estimated flare
frequency at these low energies is consistent with extrapolation from the
distributions of higher-energy flares on active M dwarfs measured by other
surveys. The largest flare in our sample is bright enough to exceed the local
non-linearity threshold of the GALEX detectors, which precludes color analysis.
However, we detect quasi-periodic pulsations (QPP) during this flare in both
the FUV and NUV bands at a period of ~50 seconds, which we interpret as a
modulation of the flare's chromospheric thermal emission through periodic
triggering of reconnection by external MHD oscillations in the corona.Comment: 22 pages, 20 figures, Jupyter Python notebooks to reproduce figures
and tables available on GitHub at
https://github.com/MillionConcepts/gfcat_gj6
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