An experimental study of coupling between combustor pressure, fuel/air mixing, and the flame

Fuel-air mixing behavior under the influence of imposed acoustic oscillations has been studied by investigating the response of the fuel mixture fraction field. The distribution of local fuel mixture fraction inside the mixing zone, which is expected to evolve into the local equivalence ratio in the flame zone, is closely coupled to unstable and oscillatory flame behavior. The Experiment was performed with an aerodynamically-stabilized non-premixed burner. In this study, acoustic oscillations were imposed at 22, 27, 32, 37, and 55Hz. Phase-resolved acetone PLIF was used to image the flow field of both isothermal and reacting flow cases and this data along with the derived quantities of temporal and spatial unmixedness were employed for analysis. The behavior of the unmixedness factor is compared with the previous measurements of oscillations in the flame zone. This comparison shows that local oscillations (of order millimeters or smaller) in fuel/air mixing are closely related to the oscillatory behavior of the flame. For each driving frequency, the mixture fraction oscillates at that frequency but with a slight phase difference between it and the pressure field/flame intensity, indicating that the fuel mixture fraction oscillation are likely the major reason for oscillatory behaviors of this category of flames and combustor geometry

Geological and geophysical maps of the Illinois Basin-Ozark Dome region

Map 1. Land surface topography -- Map 2. Bedrock topography -- Map 3. Surficial geology with shaded relief -- Map 4. Bedrock geology with bedrock topography -- Map 5. Structure contours of the top of the Pennsylvanian Springfield Coal and Bevier Coal (Missouri) -- Map 6. Structure contours of the top of the Mississippian-Devonian New Albany Shale and correlatives -- Map 7. Structure contours of the top of the Ordovician Trenton Limestone (or equivalent) -- Map 8. Structure contours of the top of the Precambrian -- Map 9. Isostatic gravity anomaly -- Map 10. Magnetic anomaly -- Map 11. Fault and fold traces -- Map 12. Earthquake epicenters 1804-2014.Ope

Coupling of dynamical micromagnetism and a stationary spin drift-diffusion equation: A step towards a fully self-consistent spintronics framework

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record.We consider the coupling of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation with a quasilinear diffusion equation to describe the interplay of magnetization and spin accumulation in magnetic-nonmagnetic multilayer structures. For this problem, we propose and analyze a convergent finite element integrator, where, in contrast to prior work, we consider the stationary limit for the spin diffusion. Numerical experiments underline that the new approach is more effective, since it leads to the same experimental results as for the model with time-dependent spin diffusion, but allows for larger time-steps of the numerical integrator.The authors acknowledge support from the Vienna Science and Technology Fund (WWTF) under grant MA14-44 (GH, DP, DS), from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under grant W1245 (DP, MR), from TU Wien through the innovative projects initiative (DP, MR), from the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy and the National Foundation for Research, Technology and Development (CA, DS), through the EPSRC grant EP/K008412/1 (GH), from the Royal Society under grant UF080837 (GH)

Kane County water resources investigations : final report on geologic investigations

Kane County Water Resources Department, Contract No. 02-279Ope

Digital Orthophoto Image Map, Villa Grove Quadrangle, Douglas County, Illinois

Relief shown by contoursIncludes text, 2 location maps, 2 ancillary maps, an index to adjoining 7.5-minute quadrangles, and 4 color photosIncludes bibliographical reference

FIP200 claw domain binding to p62 promotes autophagosome formation at ubiquitin condensates

The autophagy cargo receptor p62 facilitates the condensation of misfolded, ubiquitin-positive proteins and their degradation by autophagy, but the molecular mechanism of p62 signaling to the core autophagy machinery is unclear. Here, we show that disordered residues 326-380 of p62 directly interact with the C-terminal region (CTR) of FIP200. Crystal structure determination shows that the FIP200 CTR contains a dimeric globular domain that we designated the "Claw" for its shape. The interaction of p62 with FIP200 is mediated by a positively charged pocket in the Claw, enhanced by p62 phosphorylation, mutually exclusive with the binding of p62 to LC3B, and it promotes degradation of ubiquitinated cargo by autophagy. Furthermore, the recruitment of the FIP200 CTR slows the phase separation of ubiquitinated proteins by p62 in a reconstituted system. Our data provide the molecular basis for a crosstalk between cargo condensation and autophagosome formation

Understood at Last?: A Memetic Analysis of Beethoven’s ‘Bloody Fist’

As a singular moment in the western canon, the opening of the recapitulation in the first movement of Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony has prompted a variety of structural and expressive readings. This paper explores its intertextual connections with Mozart’s Don Giovanni from a memetic perspective, outlining certain extra musical interpretations, including some related to Susan McClary’s controversial reading of the passage, one might infer from the strong musical connections

Compactifications and algebraic completions of Limit groups

In this paper we consider the existence of dense embeddings of Limit groups in locally compact groups generalizing earlier work of Breuillard, Gelander, Souto and Storm [GBSS] where surface groups were considered. Our main results are proved in the context of compact groups and algebraic groups over local fields. In addition we prove a generalization of the classical Baumslag lemma which is a useful tool for generating eventually faithful sequences of homomorphisms. The last section is dedicated to correct a mistake from [BGSS] and to get rid of the even genus assumption.Comment: v2: Substantial changes to sections 7 and 8.2. Typos corrected. References added. v3: Acknowledgement correcte

Unified treatment of spin torques using a coupled magnetisation dynamics and three-dimensional spin current solver

A three-dimensional spin current solver based on a generalised spin drift-diffusion description, including the bulk and interfacial spin Hall effects, is integrated with a magnetisation dynamics solver. The resulting model is shown to simultaneously reproduce the spin-orbit torques generated using the spin Hall effect, spin pumping torques generated by magnetisation dynamics in multilayers, as well as the spin transfer torques acting on magnetisation regions with spatial gradients, whilst field-like and spin-like torques are reproduced in a spin valve geometry. Two approaches to modelling interfaces are analysed, one based on the spin mixing conductance and the other based on continuity of spin currents where the spin dephasing length governs the absorption of transverse spin components. In both cases analytical formulas are derived for the spin-orbit torques in a heavy metal / ferromagnet bilayer geometry, showing in general both field-like and damping-like torques are generated. The limitations of the analytical approach are discussed, showing that even in a simple bilayer geometry, due to the non-uniformity of the spin currents, a full three-dimensional treatment is required. The model is further applied to the analysis of the spin Hall angle in Pt by reproducing published experimental ferromagnetic resonance data in the bilayer geometry