A Study on the correlation analysis of the factors affecting the water revenue ratio of sub-small block

Thesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Management,2020.According to the Ministry of Environment''s 2017 water supply statistics, 10.5 percent of annual water production were lost by leakage which is mainly caused by aging water pipes, burst of pipes and inadequate pressure management, illegal usage of water, etc. Water pipe network system improvement is required to reduce losses caused by leakages and improve the water revenue ratio and for this purpose, block system and sub-small block of Goryeong local water supply were used. There are 39 small blocks within the corresponding small blocks and 12 small blocks in GR3(Oe-ri/Naegok, Ssanglim I.C., Gogok, Strawberry Village, Anhwa, Singok2, Singok1, Songlim1ri, Sandang, Baeksan, Sinchon, Mahon), 10 small blocks in GR5(Junghwa P.S, Weolsan1, Huam2, Garryun1, Baekri, Weolsan2, Hwaam, Palsan, Daepyeong, Yeonbong P.S), 17 small blocks in GR5(Jikri, Yajeong/Sokri, Sajeon/Daegok, Yeonri samgeori, Gwangdo, Osa, Gu-gok, Ok-san2, Ok-san1, Kisan, Kijok, Eogok, Deukseong, Ogok, Buri, Yongso/Sangyong, Mugye) For the analysis of the affecting factors of the small block in the small block of Goryeong local water supply, firstly, the correlation analysis and reliability verification were conducted and reliability analysis used ''F-verification:Two Groups for Variance'' and a significant level of reliability analysis was applied at 5%. Next, a correlation analysis was conducted to identify the factors affecting the sub-small block with a significant level of correlation with the water revenue ratio of the small block. The independent variables are length of distribution pipe (X1), length of water supply pipe (X2), faucet (X3), night minimum flow (X4) and the dependent variable is set to the water revenue flow (Y). The results showed that eleven sub-small blocks had a significant level of correlation with the water revenue ratio of the three small blocks. In detail, GR3 small block have 3 sub small blocks(Singok1, Baeksan, Sinchon) out of total 12 sub-small blocks, GR5 small block have 2 sub-small blocks (Hwaam, Yeonbong Pressure Station) out of total 10 sub-small blocks and GR6 small block have 6 sub-small blocks (Gwangdo, Gugok, Oksan1, Kijok, Deukseong, Yongso/Sangyong) out of total 17 sub-small blocks. Secondly, 11 small blocks were analyzed for the correlation between the factors affecting the water revenue ratio. As a result of the correlation analysis between the factors affecting the water revenue ratio, all of the factors negatively related to the water revenue ratio. According to the result of correlation analysis, faucet was the highest correlation with negative 0.3, length of water supply pipe is negative 0.23, night minimum flow is negative 0.17, and lastly length of distribution pipe extensions was corelated with negative 0.10.1. Introduction 2. Literature Review 3. Research methods 4. Correlation analysis of the factors influencing the water revenue ratio 5. ConclusionMasterpublishedKANG, Byung-U

Left Ventricular Metastasis From Renal Cell Carcinoma Causing Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction

Most cases of cardiac metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) involve the vena cava or right atrium. Left ventricular metastases from RCC without involving the vena cava or right atrium are extremely rare. Herein we report a case of RCC with left ventricular metastasis causing left ventricular outflow obstruction (LVOT)

The effectiveness of moxibustion for the treatment of functional constipation: a randomized, sham-controlled, patient blinded, pilot clinical trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Moxibustion is an ancient traditional medicine using burning mugworts to stimulate acupuncture points. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of moxibustion for the treatment of constipation using a randomized, sham-controlled, participant-blinded, pilot trial.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Twenty-six participants (identified with either qi (vital energy) deficiency or qi excess syndrome) were randomly divided into either a moxibustion or sham group. Participants were treated with real or sham moxibustion at 4 acupuncture points, ST23 and ST27, bilaterally, 3 times per week for four weeks. The primary outcome was the frequency of defecations; secondary outcomes were the Bristol stool form scale (BSS) and the constipation assessment scale (CAS).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of the 26 participants that were randomized, 24 completed the study. Defecation frequency, BSS, and CAS showed no difference between the moxibustion and sham groups. The differences were -0.25 (95% CI: -2.08, 1.58, p = 0.78), -1.22 (95% CI: -2.7, 0.26, p = 0.1), 0.91 (95% CI: -1.46, 3.28, p = 0.44) in defecation frequency, BSS, CAS, respectively. The defecation frequency increased from an average of 3.3 to 4.6 times per week in the moxibustion group (1.5[-0.5, 2], <it>p </it>= 0.06) and from 2.7 to 3.7 stools per week in the sham group (1[-1, 2], <it>p </it>= 0.15) after four weeks of treatment. The difference between participants with a deficiency or an excess syndrome, determined based on assessment of sweat, facial features, pain, body energy, and pulse type, was significant in only defecation frequency. The difference was 3.3 (95% CI: 0.41, 6.19, <it>p </it>= 0.03).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Moxibustion treatment appears safe, but showed no positive effect on constipation. The effectiveness of moxibustion treatment may depend on the syndrome pattern, and further long-term studies with a larger number of subjects are warranted.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Clinical Research Information Service, KCT0000168</p

Stroke awareness decreases prehospital delay after acute ischemic stroke in korea

BACKGROUND: Delayed arrival at hospital is one of the major obstacles in enhancing the rate of thrombolysis therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Our study aimed to investigate factors associated with prehospital delay after acute ischemic stroke in Korea. METHODS: A prospective, multicenter study was conducted at 14 tertiary hospitals in Korea from March 2009 to July 2009. We interviewed 500 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke who arrived within 48 hours. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate factors influencing prehospital delay. RESULTS: Among the 500 patients (median 67 years, 62% men), the median time interval from symptom onset to arrival was 474 minutes (interquartile range, 170-1313). Early arrival within 3 hours of symptom onset was significantly associated with the following factors: high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, previous stroke, atrial fibrillation, use of ambulance, knowledge about thrombolysis and awareness of the patient/bystander that the initial symptom was a stroke. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that awareness of the patient/bystander that the initial symptom was a stroke (OR 4.438, 95% CI 2.669-7.381), knowledge about thrombolysis (OR 2.002, 95% CI 1.104-3.633) and use of ambulance (OR 1.961, 95% CI 1.176-3.270) were significantly associated with early arrival. CONCLUSIONS: In Korea, stroke awareness not only on the part of patients, but also of bystanders, had a great impact on early arrival at hospital. To increase the rate of thrombolysis therapy and the incidence of favorable outcomes, extensive general public education including how to recognize stroke symptoms would be important.ope