The role of biotechnology on the treatment of wastes

The biological processes improving fast are shown among the future technologies. In these processes which biological materials are used as degraders, raw wastes are processed to remove the contaminants in them. Biotechnological processes are used for wastewater treatment, gas treatment and disposal of solid wastes in environmental engineering. Also, these processes can be utilized for the production of biogas and hydrogen as new energy resources. For preventing environmental pollution in environmental engineering, activated sludge process, trickling filters, biotrickling filters, oxidation ponds, anaerobic treatment, composting units and biogas reactors are used extensively among the waste treatment technologies. In this review paper, the role of biotechnology on waste treatment was assessed and several treatment methods were investigated

New palladium(II) and platinum(II) 5,5-diethylbarbiturate complexes with 2-phenylpyridine, 2,2’-bipyridine and 2,2’-dipyridylamine : synthesis, structures, DNA binding, molecular docking, cellular uptake, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity

Peer reviewedPostprin

Chloro[(N,N-dimethylamino)methylphenyl-kappa C-2(2),N](triphenylstibine)palladium(II)

WOS: 000221174800035The molecular structure of the title compound, [PdCl(C9H12N)(C18H15Sb)], obtained by reaction of [Pd(dmba)(mu-Cl)](2) [ dmba = N(CH3)(2)CH2C6H5] with triphenylstibine in dichloromethane, shows a slightly distorted square planar geometry about Pd, which is bonded to C, N, Cl and Sb atoms

Biohydrogen Production from Sewage Sludge by Dark Fermentation: The Effects of Adding Inoculum and Heat Pretreatment

Abstract The main requirement for efficient H 2 production is the availability of efficient microbial consortia in which H 2 -utilizing and non-H 2 -producing bacteria are suppressed. This study evaluates the H 2 production potentials from sewage sludge with and without pretreated anaerobic culture used as inoculum. Three different anaerobic cultures (mixed anaerobic sludge from CSTR tank reactor, fermented manure, and heat-treated fermented manure) were used as inoculum. Due to hydrolysis during heat treatment, organic matter concentration increased during fermentation. Compared to other operating conditions, heat-treated fermented manure as inoculum and sewage sludge as the substrate mixture had the highest hydrogen production. The results showed that heat pretreatment of inoculum should increase H 2 production potential

liquid membrane processes

Repeatability, one of the most important cases in treatment studies which emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process used to treat storage battery industry wastewaters, is examined in this study. In these treatment processes, several chemical reagents are used to compose inner and membrane phases. When composing membrane phase, organic reagents are also used, and these organic substances can leak to the outer phase which is called wastewater. In this study, this situation was discussed with data obtained from the treatment tests. The reaction order of ELM systems treating lead from storage battery industry wastewaters was determined. In the result of the study, it was found that a serious leakage problem emerged with these systems. A maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 270mg/L was obtained in the outer phase after treatment. For optimum ELM system, COD value was found as 200mg/L for 20 min of treatment. The repeatability tests were shown that good repetitive results were obtained with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 and a standard deviation of 0.04104 for 30 minutes of treatment. Also physical observations suited each other very well. ELM systems suited to second reaction order. Reaction rate constant (k) and correlation coefficient were found as 0.0264 L/mgmin and 0.97, respectively

An examination on system characteristics in emulsion liquid membranes

Emulsion liquid membrane was used with the aim of lead removal from storage battery industry wastewaters. The effects of several parameters such as emulsification rate, reactor mixing rate, the change of membrane and internal phase component ratios on the removal efficiency were examined. Sorbitan Monooleate (Span 80) as surfactant, Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as carrierextractant and mineral oil and kerosene as diluents were used to compose emulsion liquid membrane system. Also vegetable oils which were not hazardous and toxic as much as the organic diluents mentioned above were used to see the effect of them on lead removal. Extraction rate was found optimum at 300 rpm, while the emulsification rate was 7940 rpm for 30 minutes treatment. The best removal efficiency for only 15 minutes treatment was found as 92% at an emulsification rate of 12000 rpm. Sunflower oil was found suitable for lead removal from wastewater with a treatment efficiency of 86%. Treatment was accomplished with this system in five minutes and the treatment performance was not altered at the end of 20 minutes

Tetracarbonyl{2-[1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl-imino)ethyl]pyridine-kappa N-2,N '}molybdenum(0)

WOS: 000221174800009The title compound, [Mo(C15H16N2)(CO)(4)], was obtained by a one-pot reaction of Mo(CO)(6) with 2-acetylpyridine and 2,6-dimethylaniline in ethanol. The complex exhibits a slightly distorted octahedral geometry

Synthesis and structural characterization of a novel peroxo bridged dinuclear cobalt(III) complex of succinimide showing three varieties of hydrogen bonding interactions

TAS, MURAT/0000-0002-2879-6501WOS: 000268244200003The reaction of aqueous cobaltous nitrate hexahydrate with the anion of succinimide (sucH) in the presence of excess ethylenediamine (en) in air results in the formation of a dinuclear complex mu-peroxo-bis[bis(ethylenediamine)succinimidato-cobalt(III)] dinitrate dihydrate, 1, in good yield. Compound 1 was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, visible spectra and magnetic susceptibility studies. The explosive nature of [Co(en)(2)(suc)(mu-O(2))Co(en)(2)(suc)](NO(3))(2)center dot 2H(2)O, 1, precluded its thermal characterization. Compound 1 crystallises in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c and a half of the molecule, constitutes its asymmetric unit. In the centrosymmetric dinuclear complex 1, two Co(III) centres, are linked by a planar peroxide bridge. Each cobalt atom is surrounded by four nitrogen atoms of ethylenediamine ligands, a nitrogen atom of succinimidato anion and an oxygen atom of peroxo bridge resulting in a slightly distorted {CoN(5)O} octahedron. Due to steric hindrance between the two Co(III) centres, the peroxide bridge is planar with a Co-O-O-Co torsion angle of 180 degrees. The dinuclear complex cation, the nitrate anion and the lattice water are involved in three varieties of H-bonding interactions namely N-H center dot center dot center dot O, O-H center dot center dot center dot O and C-H center dot center dot center dot O.TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [106T195]This study was supported in part by a grant from TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey) (TBAG/HD 106T195 to Murat TA$)