Fundaciones Empresariales en México: Un Estudio Exploratorio

Esta publicación explorara las dimensiones y dinámicas más relevantes para expandir la comprensión de estas entidades. Para este efecto, se diseñaron y se aplicaron la Encuesta Nacional a Fundaciones Empresariales, se coordinaron tres grupos focales y se genero un directorio actualizado de fundaciones

Religion and Episodic Volunteering

Connections between religion and volunteering have been widely documented. Religion is a key motivating factor for volunteering in religious settings and elsewhere. Episodic volunteering is one of the fastest-growing forms of volunteering, but literature on episodic volunteering and religion is scarce. In this article, we analyse connections between religion and religiosity, and episodic volunteering. First, we identify types of episodic volunteers at religious events. Second, we use a set of three independent variables (declared religious denomination, importance of religion and spiritual motivation) to understand episodic volunteering participation. Third, we examine whether those who volunteer both episodically and regularly are more religious. Finally, we identify differences across religious affiliations. Using data from a cross-national survey, we apply different data segments in each area of our study. Our findings suggest that episodic volunteers are influenced by religion and religiosity, with especially strong connections among Protestants. We conclude with suggestions for future research.Peer reviewe

Learning best-practices in journalology: Course description and attendee insights into the inaugural EQUATOR Canada Publication School

Background and purpose Dissemination of research results is a key component of the research continuum and is commonly achieved through publication in peer-reviewed academic journals. However, issues of poor quality reporting in the research literature are well documented. A lack of formal training in journalology (i.e., publication science) may contribute to this problem. To help address this gap in training, the Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research (EQUATOR) Canada Publication School was developed and facilitated by internationally-renowned faculty to train researchers and clinicians in reporting and publication best practices. This article describes the structure of the inaugural course and provides an overview of attendee evaluations and perspectives. Key highlights Attendees perceived the content of this two-day intensive course as highly informative. They noted that the course helped them learn skills that were relevant to academic publishing (e.g., using reporting guidelines in all phases of the research process; using scholarly metrics beyond the journal impact factor; open-access publication models; and engaging patients in the research process). The course provided an opportunity for researchers to share their challenges faced during the publication process and to learn skills for improving reproducibility, completeness, transparency, and dissemination of research results. There was some suggestion that this type of course should be offered and integrated into formal training and course curricula. Implications In light of the importance of academic publishing in the scientific process, there is a need to train and prepare researchers with skills in Journalology. The EQUATOR Canada Publication School provides an example of a successful program that addressed the needs of researchers across career trajectories and provided them with resources to be successful in the publication process. This approach can be used, modified, and/or adapted by curriculum developers interested in designing similar programs, and could be incorporated into academic and clinical research training programs

A Search for HI in E+A Galaxies

We present the results of HI line and radio continuum observations of five nearby E+A galaxies. These galaxies have spectra that are dominated by a young stellar component but lack the emission lines characteristic of significant, on-going star formation. They are selected from a unique sample of 21 E+A's identified by Zabludoff et al.(1996) in their spectroscopic search for E+A galaxies using the Las Campanas Redshift Survey, where over 11,000 nearby galaxies were examined. The five E+A galaxies span a range of environments: three are in the field and two are in clusters. Only one system was detected in HI emission, the field E+A galaxy EA1, with a total flux of 0.30 +/- 0.02 Jy km/s and an HI mass of (3.5 +/- 0.2) 10^9 h^(-2) M_sun. The HI morphology and kinematics of EA 1 suggest a galaxy-galaxy interaction, with a dynamical age of about 6 x 10^8 h^(-1) yr inferred from the HI tail lengths and velocities. This age estimate is consistent with the interpretation drawn from optical spectroscopy that starbursts in E+A galaxies began (and subsequently ended) within the last 10^9 yr. Our HI detection limits are such that if the other E+A's in our sample had the HI properties of EA 1, we would have detected (or marginally detected) them. We conclude that E+A galaxies have a range of HI properties. None of the galaxies were detected in radio continuum emission, with upper limits to the radio power of about 10^21 h^(-2) W/Hz. Our limits exclude the possibility that these E+A's are dust-enshrouded massive starburst galaxies, but are insufficient to exclude modest star formation rates of less than a few h^(-2) M_sun per yr.Comment: 21 Latex pages, including 5 figures and 6 tables. Uses Aastex. To appear in AJ, April 2001; minor changes to text and Figure

Del “vivir bien” al “buen vivir” entre la economía feminista, la filantropía y la migración: hacia la búsqueda de alternativas

El "vivir bien" y el "buen vivir" son formas de rescatar una nueva aportación del desarrollo, y se presentan justo como una alternativa del pensamiento hegemónico. Ana Esther Ceceña en el capítulo primero parte de como se organiza lo económico, Alba Carosio en el capítulo segundo establece el enfoque de asegurar la calidad de vida de las personas; mientras Antonio Palazuelos pone énfasis en el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo para el Buen Vivir centrándose en tres factores importantes: la economía popular y solidaria, la seguridad alimentaria y los grupos vulnerables. Silvia Berger evalúa las implicaciones de haber adoptado en el feminismo latinoamericano las líneas generales del movimiento feministas mundial. Por su parte, Jaqueline Butcher explica el tercer sector en México y su relación con el desarrollo económico y social del país. En el capítulo sexto, Rodolfo García Zamora y Monsterrat García muestran como las organizaciones de migrantes mexicanos han financiado obras de infraestructura básica en sus comunidades de origen. El libro finaliza con el capítulo siete a cargo de Ana María Aragonés y Uberto Salgado quiénes se centran en un análisis comparativo del impacto que la migración de trabajadores altamente calificados y las remesas tienen sobre el desarrollo de seis países

Effective cataract surgical coverage in adults aged 50 years and older: estimates from population-based surveys in 55 countries.

BACKGROUND: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness globally. Effective cataract surgical coverage (eCSC) measures the number of people in a population who have been operated on for cataract, and had a good outcome, as a proportion of all people operated on or requiring surgery. Therefore, eCSC describes service access (ie, cataract surgical coverage, [CSC]) adjusted for quality. The 74th World Health Assembly endorsed a global target for eCSC of a 30-percentage point increase by 2030. To enable monitoring of progress towards this target, we analysed Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) survey data to establish baseline estimates of eCSC and CSC. METHODS: In this secondary analysis, we used data from 148 RAAB surveys undertaken in 55 countries (2003-21) to calculate eCSC, CSC, and the relative quality gap (% difference between eCSC and CSC). Eligible studies were any version of the RAAB survey conducted since 2000 with individual participant survey data and census population data for people aged 50 years or older in the sampling area and permission from the study's principal investigator for use of data. We compared median eCSC between WHO regions and World Bank income strata and calculated the pooled risk difference and risk ratio comparing eCSC in men and women. FINDINGS: Country eCSC estimates ranged from 3·8% (95% CI 2·1-5·5) in Guinea Bissau, 2010, to 70·3% (95% CI 65·8-74·9) in Hungary, 2015, and the relative quality gap from 10·8% (CSC: 65·7%, eCSC: 58·6%) in Argentina, 2013, to 73·4% (CSC: 14·3%, eCSC: 3·8%) in Guinea Bissau, 2010. Median eCSC was highest among high-income countries (60·5% [IQR 55·6-65·4]; n=2 surveys; 2011-15) and lowest among low-income countries (14·8%; [IQR 8·3-20·7]; n=14 surveys; 2005-21). eCSC was higher in men than women (148 studies pooled risk difference 3·2% [95% CI 2·3-4·1] and pooled risk ratio of 1·20 [95% CI 1·15-1·25]). INTERPRETATION: eCSC varies widely between countries, increases with greater income level, and is higher in men. In pursuit of 2030 targets, many countries, particularly in lower-resource settings, should emphasise quality improvement before increasing access to surgery. Equity must be embedded in efforts to improve access to surgery, with a focus on underserved groups. FUNDING: Indigo Trust, Peek Vision, and Wellcome Trust

Evaluating the Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutation D614G on Transmissibility and Pathogenicity.

Global dispersal and increasing frequency of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variant D614G are suggestive of a selective advantage but may also be due to a random founder effect. We investigate the hypothesis for positive selection of spike D614G in the United Kingdom using more than 25,000 whole genome SARS-CoV-2 sequences. Despite the availability of a large dataset, well represented by both spike 614 variants, not all approaches showed a conclusive signal of positive selection. Population genetic analysis indicates that 614G increases in frequency relative to 614D in a manner consistent with a selective advantage. We do not find any indication that patients infected with the spike 614G variant have higher COVID-19 mortality or clinical severity, but 614G is associated with higher viral load and younger age of patients. Significant differences in growth and size of 614G phylogenetic clusters indicate a need for continued study of this variant