Role of Succinate Dehydrogenase D (SDHD) in Hepatocytic Cells

Motivation: Mitochondria are the principal site of important cellular functions including ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) but also play a central role in cell physiology.OXPHOS comprises five respiratory complexes (RCs). Complex II or succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is a heterotetrameric nuclear-encoded complex composed of four subunits (SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, SDHD). It´s responsible for transferring electrons into mitochondrial respiratory chain for ATP production but also for the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.Changes in TCA cycle have been considered as potential mechanisms of aerobic glycolysis that contributes to the alteration of cellular metabolism with implications in tumorigenesis. It has been reported that polymorphisms in SDHD are associated with early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Our goal was to study the role of SDHD in tumor and no tumor liver cells.Methods: Murine hepatocytic cells, AML12 and Hepa1-6 were obtained from the ATCC. In order to analyze the function of the SDHD we used murine-SDHD-specific siRNA and control siRNA. SDHD overexpression was performed using a plasmid vectors with murine SDHD constructed using standard molecular cloning techniques. In both cases cells were transfected with lipofectamine.To analyze metabolic changes induced by SDHD we performed real-time PCR. Proteins were examined by Western blots. Cell viability assay, colony formation assay and wound healing assay have been performed to determinate cell survival, proliferation and migration.Results: Inhibition of SDHD in hepatocytic cells increased glycolytic genes at 48 h and 72 h after transfection compared to controls, with higher rate in the Hepa1-6 than AML12 cells. Overexpression of SDHD, did not induce significant changes in metabolic genes as compared to control cells. Furthermore, we observed that the inhibition of SDHD in hepatocytic cells produced an increase in cell death. In addition, clonogenic growth decreased greatly, resulting in reduced colony size and numbers in SDHD-inhibiting cells. In a wound healing migration assay, cell confluence was reached significantly later in the SDHD-inhibiting cells than the si-control transfected cells. Finally, the cell cycle analyses showed that SDHD-knockdown cells showed less percentage of cells in G1 than control cells.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that SDHD plays an important role in the survival, growth and cellular proliferation

Two successive partial mini-filament confined ejections

Active region (AR) NOAA 11476 produced a series of confined plasma ejections, mostly accompanied by flares of X-ray class M, from 08 to 10 May 2012. The structure and evolution of the confined ejections resemble that of EUV surges; however, their origin is associated to the destabilization and eruption of a mini-filament, which lay along the photospheric inversion line (PIL) of a large rotating bipole. Our analysis indicate that the bipole rotation and flux cancellation along the PIL have a main role in destabilizing the structure and triggering the ejections. The observed bipole emerged within the main following AR polarity. Previous studies have analyzed and discussed in detail two events of this series in which the mini-filament erupted as a whole, one at 12:23 UT on 09 May and the other at 04:18 UT on 10 May. In this article we present the observations of the confined eruption and M4.1 flare on 09 May 2012 at 21:01 UT (SOL2012-05-09T21:01:00) and the previous activity in which the mini-filament was involved. For the analysis we use data in multiple wavelengths (UV, EUV, X-rays, and magnetograms) from space instruments. In this particular case, the mini-filament is seen to erupt in two different sections. The northern section erupted accompanied by a C1.6 flare and the southern section did it in association with the M4.1 flare. The global structure and direction of both confined ejections and the location of a far flare kernel, to where the plasma is seen to flow, suggest that both ejections and flares follow a similar underlying mechanism.Fil: Poisson, Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Bustos, C.. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; ArgentinaFil: Lopez Fuentes, Marcelo Claudio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Mandrini, Cristina Hemilse. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Cristiani, Germán Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentin

Impactos Ambientales De Una Agroindustria Extractora De Aceite Crudo De Palma

El estudio de la identificación de los impactos es un método de carácter preventivo, orientado a cualquier envergadura de proyectos, que generen efectos al ambiente que pueden generarse con su construcción u operación. Además es de utilidad como elemento correctivo que permite atenuar los efectos negativos que genere un proyecto sobre el ambiente. El proyecto de investigación se basa en la identificación de impactos ambientales de una agroindustria extractora de aceite crudo de palma, su actividad productiva genera una alteración al ambiente y de igual manera se conocerá el grado de impacto que genera cada uno de sus procesos. Este proyecto de investigación se realiza como ayudar a la toma de decisiones para futuros proyectos relacionados a las agroindustrias con lo cual se realiza de manera detallada y de fácil comprensión, de forma que cualquier persona puede analizar el documento y pueda tomar de guía para plasmar la metodología aplicada a los estudios ambientales que lo soliciten. Lo que se logra en esta investigación es generar un equilibrio entre las agroindustrias y el ambiente.Trabajo de suficiencia profesiona

Immunization with antigenic extracts of Leishmania associated with Montanide ISA 763 adjuvant induces partial protection in BALB/c mice against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis infection

Background/Purpose: A proper adjuvant has a relevant role in vaccine formulations to generate an effective immune response. In this study, total Leishmania antigen (TLA) formulated with Montanide ISA 763 or R848 as adjuvants were evaluated as a first generation Leishmania vaccine in a murine model. Methods: Immunization protocols were tested in BALB/c mice with a subcutaneous prime/boost regimen with an interval of 3 weeks. Mice immunized with unadjuvanted TLA and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) served as control groups. On Day 21 and Day 36 of the protocol, we evaluated the humoral immune response induced by each formulation. Fifteen days after the boost, the immunized mice were challenged with 1 × 105 promastigotes of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis in the right footpad (RFP). The progress of the infection was followed for 10 weeks; at the end of this period, histopathological studies were performed in the RFP. Results: Vaccines formulated with Montanide ISA 763 generated an increase in the production of immunoglobulin G (IgG; p < 0.05) compared with the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in IgG1 production between the study groups. However, immunization with TLA-Montanide ISA 763 resulted in an increase in IgG2a compared to the unadjuvanted control (p < 0.001). Also noteworthy was the fact that a significant reduction in swelling and histopathological damage of the RFP was recorded with the Montanide ISA 763 formulation. Conclusion: We conclude that the immunization of BALB/c mice with a vaccine formulated with TLA and Montanide ISA 763 generated a protective immune response against L. (L.) amazonensis, characterized by an intense production of IgG2a.Fil: Cargnelutti, Diego Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Salomón, María Cristina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Celedon, Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Bustos, Maria Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Patología Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Instituto de Patología Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Morea, Gastón. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Cuello Carrión, Fernando Darío. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Scodeller, Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Argentin

Effect of information on environmental knowledge of waste separation in col-lege students

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo desarrollar una estrategia psicosocial para promover la separación de residuos en una institución universitaria. Se efectuó un estudio cuasi-experimental con un diseño pre-test-post-test con un grupo control y un experimental. La muestra se constituyó por 302 estudiantes, 125 del grupo control y 177 del grupo experi-mental, con edad promedio de 23 años (DE = 6. 24). Después de que se proporcionó la infor-mación el grupo experimental incrementó sus puntajes significativamente, lo que corrobora la eficacia de las sesiones informativas como estrategias de tipo antecedente, en las que un grupo expuesto a información oral y visual incrementa su nivel de conocimientos. Se conclu-yó que la estrategia implementada fue eficaz para desarrollar conocimiento ambiental.The main objective of this research is to develop a psychosocial strategy to promote waste separation in a University institution. It was carry out a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test post-test design, with a control group and one experimental. The sample were 302 students, 125 in control group, and 177 in the experimental group, with mean age of 23 years old (SD = 4. 36). After that information was proportionate, the experimental group increased significantly its punctuation, and it’s confirmed the efficacy of informative talks as an antecedent strategy, in which an exposed group to oral and visual information in-creases its knowledge level. It was concluded the implemented strategy was effective to develop environmental knowledge

On the use of Vision-Language models for Visual Sentiment Analysis: a study on CLIP

This work presents a study on how to exploit the CLIP embedding space to perform Visual Sentiment Analysis. We experiment with two architectures built on top of the CLIP embedding space, which we denote by CLIP-E. We train the CLIP-E models with WEBEmo, the largest publicly available and manually labeled benchmark for Visual Sentiment Analysis, and perform two sets of experiments. First, we test on WEBEmo and compare the CLIP-E architectures with state-of-the-art (SOTA) models and with CLIP Zero-Shot. Second, we perform cross dataset evaluation, and test the CLIP-E architectures trained with WEBEmo on other Visual Sentiment Analysis benchmarks. Our results show that the CLIP-E approaches outperform SOTA models in WEBEmo fine grained categorization, and they also generalize better when tested on datasets that have not been seen during training. Interestingly, we observed that for the FI dataset, CLIP Zero-Shot produces better accuracies than SOTA models and CLIP-E trained on WEBEmo. These results motivate several questions that we discuss in this paper, such as how we should design new benchmarks and evaluate Visual Sentiment Analysis, and whether we should keep designing tailored Deep Learning models for Visual Sentiment Analysis or focus our efforts on better using the knowledge encoded in large vision-language models such as CLIP for this task

Mathematical analysis of the process forces effect on collet chuck holders

Chuck holders are widely used for jobs with high precision. A chuck holder consists of a nut with a tapered surface and a thin-slotted clamping sleeve typically made of hardened steel and named a collet. Chuck holders are, essentially, wedge mechanisms. In this paper, we investigated the reactions and strains due to the forces during the chip removal process in the contact elements or jaws of the collet by means of mathematical analysis. Deflections in the jaws of the collet arise with a high influence from the precision of the workpieces. The cutting or process forces cause an axial force, a radial force, a torsional moment, and a bending moment on the chuck collet, and, consequently, displacements and inclinations of the clamping system are caused. Therefore, the proposed analytical models are based on elasticity and contact theories. The mathematical model for determining the deflections of the clamping system force was developed and implemented using MATLAB. The results showed that the variation in the clamping force during rotation in a collet chuck holder mainly depends on the stiffness of the collet chuck holder and the stiffness of the workpiece. The results indicated that the collet should be vulcanized to minimize the deformations that affect the final product. The deflections of a collet chuck holder due to process forces depend strongly on the clearances, wedge angle, and stiffness of the collet

On the nonlinear hunting stability of a high-speed train bogie

The hunting phenomenon is an intrinsic swaying motion appearing in railway vehicles due to the vehicle's forward speed and the wheel-rail contact forces. Hunting motion consists of wheelset and other vehicle's components oscillations that arise above a certain vehicle's speed known as critical or hunting speed. These oscillations are of unstable nature and represent a safety hazard as they could lead to the vehicle's derailment. This article analyses the stability of a bogie nonlinear model for a Spanish high-speed train when this is travelling at speeds near the hunting speed. The vehicle's stability is studied by means of root loci methods, and the value of the critical speed is found. In addition to this, the behaviour of the vehicle is studied in both stable and unstable regions and the existence of limit cycles is discussed in this work. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of the axle load and suspension parameters is performed. The results show that the axle load, the vertical stiffness of the primary suspension and the lateral damping of the secondary suspension have a significant influence on the value of the critical speed.The research work described in this paper is part of the R&D and Innovation projects MC4.0 PID2020-116984RB-C21 and MC4.0 PID2020-116984RB-C22 supported by the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid through the "Ayudas para la movilidad de investigadores de la UC3M en centros de investigación nacionales y extranjeros en sus dos modalidades 2019" project

Methodology for the integration of a high-speed train in Maintenance 4.0

The fourth industrial revolution is changing the way industries face their problems, including maintenance. The railway industry is moving to adopt this new industry model. The new trains are designed, manufactured, and maintained following an Industry 4.0 methodology, but most of the current trains in operation were not designed with this technological philosophy, so they must be adapted to it. In this paper, a new methodology for adapting a high-speed train to Industry 4.0 is proposed. That way, a train manufactured before this new paradigm can seize the advantages of Maintenance 4.0. This methodology is based on four stages (physical system, digital twin, information and communication technology infrastructure, and diagnosis) that comprise the required processes to digitalize a railway vehicle and that share information between them. The characteristics that the data acquisition and communication systems must fulfil are described, as well as the original signal processing techniques developed for analysing vibration signals. These techniques allow processing experimental data both in real time and deferred, according to actual maintenance requirements. The methodology is applied to determine the operating condition of a high-speed bogie by combining the signal processing of actual vibration measurements taken during the normal train operation and the data obtained from simulations of the digital twin. The combination of both (experimental data and simulations) allows establishing characteristic indicators that correspond to the normal running of the train and indicators that would correspond to anomalies in the behaviour of the train.The research work described in this paper was supported by the Spanish Government through the MM-IA4.0 PID2020-116984RB-C21 and RMS4.0 PID2020-116984RB-C22 projects

Manual de Antisépticos, Detergentes y Desinfectantes (ADD) del Hospital Nacional de Clínicas

2021 - 43 p. il., col.Fil: Bustos Fierro, Carolina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Hospital Nacional de Clínicas; Argentina.Fil: Gavelli, María Emilia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Hospital Nacional de Clínicas; Argentina.Las infecciones asociadas al cuidado de la salud (IACS) siguen siendo un problema trascendental de salud pública y privada. El incremento en el número de pacientes con alta susceptibilidad a las infecciones, la aparición de microorganismos resistentes a los antimicrobianos, el aumento y la complejidad en las intervenciones realizadas y la realización de multitud de procedimientos invasores, hacen muy difícil su eliminación y reducción a cero. El adecuado conocimiento de definiciones y normas de uso de antisépticos, detergentes y desinfectantes, permite al profesional sanitario contar con una herramienta esencial para evitar la diseminación de agentes infecciosos, a la vez que proporciona las bases científicas para su utilización racional. Cada paciente está expuesto a una gran y particular variedad de agentes microbianos durante su hospitalización. El contacto entre el paciente y tales agentes, en sí, no produce necesariamente una enfermedad clínica, puesto que hay otros factores que influyen en la naturaleza y frecuencia de las infecciones nosocomiales, pero puede llevar a la colonización y permitir la diseminación de estos patógenos con relevancia epidemiológica en los centros de salud. La infección por alguno de estos microorganismos puede ser transmitida por un objeto inanimado o por sustancias recién contaminadas provenientes de otro foco humano de infección (infección cruzada). La utilización de un máximo nivel de higiene en toda labor asistencial es fundamental para reducir tanto la transmisión cruzada de cualquier agente infeccioso, como cualquier IACS provocada por el mismo. Considerando la importancia del uso correcto de antisépticos, detergentes y desinfectantes, se hace necesaria la estructuración de una guía de utilización racional de los mismos, siendo esto último el objetivo asumido por el Área de Farmacia Central para la confección del siguiente manual. Por lo tanto, la presente edición del “MANUAL DE ANTISÉPTICOS, DETERGENTES Y DESINFECTANTES (ADD) del HOSPITAL NACIONAL DE CLÍNICAS (HNC)”, surge de la necesidad de disponer de un documento que exprese las características de cada uno de los ADD que se utilizan en nuestro hospital, de manera tal de contar con la información al alcance para hacer un uso apropiado de los mismos, con el propósito de evitar las IACS. Dado que hasta la fecha no se dispone de un documento de estas características en nuestra institución, se consideró importante desarrollarlo teniendo en cuenta las diversas consultas que se reciben en nuestro servicio.Fil: Bustos Fierro, Carolina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Hospital Nacional de Clínicas; Argentina.Fil: Gavelli, María Emilia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Hospital Nacional de Clínicas; Argentina