Blood calcium studies in the fowl

Typescript, etc.Digitized by Kansas State University Librarie

The Longshoremen\u27s and Harbor Workers\u27 Compensation Act and the Invitee Standard: Maritime Law Gone Aground?

Considers the 1972 amendments to the Longshoremen\u27s and Harbor Workers\u27 Compensation Act, especially circumvention of the exclusive benefits provision and redistributing the liability for longshoring accidents so as to promote safety in the industry

Greener neighbourhoods, healthier lives? Evidence from Britain

Abstract presented at Be Active 2012, 31 October-3 November 2012, Sydney, Australi

Green space and child weight status : does outcome measurement matter? Evidence from an Australian longitudinal study

Taren Sanders is supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award. Thomas Astell-Burt is supported by a Fellowship with the National Heart Foundation of Australia.Objective. To examine whether neighbourhood green space is beneficially associated with (i) waist circumference (WC) and (ii) waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) across childhood. Methods. Gender-stratified multilevel linear regressions were used to examine associations between green space and objective measures of weight status in the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, a nationally representative source of data on 4,423 children aged 6 y to 13 y. WC and WtHR were measured objectively. Percentage green space within the local area of residence was calculated. Effect modification by age was explored, adjusting for socioeconomic confounding. Results. Compared to peers with 0-5% green space locally, boys and girls with >40% green space tended to have lower WC (βboys -1.15, 95% CI -2.44, 0.14; βgirls -0.21, 95% CI -1.47, 1.05) and WtHR (βboys -0.82, 95% CI -1.65, 0.01; βgirls -0.32, 95% CI -1.13, 0.49). Associations among boys were contingent upon age (p valuesage green space40% green space at 73.85 cm and 45.75% compared to those with 0-5% green space at 75.18 cm and 46.62%, respectively. Conclusions. Greener neighbourhoods appear beneficial to alternative child weight status measures, particularly among boys.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Do Work Barriers for Justice-Impacted Individuals Incentivize Criminal Behavior?

This study explores the legal barriers created by state governments for justice-impacted individuals. The more work barriers the state creates for someone with a criminal record, the more attractive illegal activities become. We examine differences across states in the data set provided by the National Inventory of Collateral Consequences of Conviction. We compare incarceration rates, unemployment rates, and labor force participation rates to the number of rules that affect someone with a criminal background. Our results predict that states with more collateral consequences will have higher per-capita imprisonment, higher unemployment, and lower labor force participation rates

Is neighborhood green space protective against associations between child asthma, neighborhood traffic volume and perceived lack of area safety? Multilevel analysis of 4447 Australian children

Heavy traffic is a source of air pollution and a safety concern with important public health implications. We investigated whether green space lowers child asthma risk by buffering the effects of heavy traffic and a lack of neighborhood safety. Multilevel models were used to analyze affirmative asthma cases in nationally representative cross-sectional data from 4447 children aged 6-7 years old in Australia. Case-finding was based upon a triangulation of affirmative responses to three questions on doctor-diagnosed asthma, asthma-related medications and illness with wheezing lasting for at least 1 week within the 12 months prior. Among children considered to be exposed to high traffic volumes and areas with 0 to 20% green space quantity, the odds ratio of affirmative asthma was 1.87 (95% CI 1.37 to 2.55). However, the association between heavy traffic and asthma was significantly lower for participants living in areas with over 40% green space coverage (odds ratio for interaction 0.32, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.84). No association between affirmative asthma and green space coverage was observed for participants not exposed to heavy traffic, nor for the area safety variable. Protecting existing and investing in new green space may help to promote child respiratory health through the buffering of traffic-related air pollution

Filters for Fiji: A Modified Cracker Box Biosand Filter for Rural Fiji

Water quality remains a major issue throughout rural Fiji, as current solutions rely on outside organizations providing money or technology. The goal of Filters for Fiji’s research was to develop a sustainable water filtration method for the people of rural Fiji, through ethnographic and biological research. In order to be sustainable, the filter had to be inexpensive (less than USD$15), simply built and maintained, and suitable for the end-user. The driving question of the research was: can a plastic, modified biosand filter be constructed from materials that could be sourced locally in rural Fijian communities? To answer this question, feedback from focus groups conducted with rural Fijians, the potential end-users, was used to re-design an existing biosand filter prototype. The previous prototype was in development by an Engineers without Borders (EWB) project focused on water quality and quantity in rural Fiji. Mechanical testing was conducted to allow for iteration that reduced leakage and improved flow rate of the new design. Then, two filter prototypes were tested over 59 days for biological removal efficiency. Drumm Reservoir water, inoculated with K-12 E. coli, was filtered by the prototypes, while the turbidity, total coliform, and E. coli levels were recorded for the filters’ influent and effluent. Analysis of the testing results found the design to remove approximately 60% of E. coli and turbidity on average, which yields significant benefits to the thousands of Fijians who currently lack access to potable water but does not meet CAWST (Center for Affordable Water and Sanitation) biosand filter expectations. Since the prototypes do not meet CAWST expectations the design cannot be recommended for implementation currently. Although the biological testing did not yield perfect results, the ethnographic and lab research completed for this project led to the finding that: “Community centered design is essential for engineering sustainable water filtration solutions in majority world countries”. With the data collected, Filters for Fiji intends to publish this research as a free technology to allow for continued iteration to produce an even more effective human-centered water filtration system for the people of rural Fiji and encourage community centered design in engineered filtration systems