Russell Thomas Woodburne

No abstract.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/35054/1/1097_ftp.pd

Liquid-like behavior of supercritical fluids

The high frequency dynamics of fluid oxygen have been investigated by Inelastic X-ray Scattering. In spite of the markedly supercritical conditions ($T\approx 2 T_c$, $P>10^2 P_c$), the sound velocity exceeds the hydrodynamic value of about 20%, a feature which is the fingerprint of liquid-like dynamics. The comparison of the present results with literature data obtained in several fluids allow us to identify the extrapolation of the liquid vapor-coexistence line in the ($P/P_c$, $T/T_c$) plane as the relevant edge between liquid- and gas-like dynamics. More interestingly, this extrapolation is very close to the non metal-metal transition in hot dense fluids, at pressure and temperature values as obtained by shock wave experiments. This result points to the existence of a connection between structural modifications and transport properties in dense fluids.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. Let

An improvement of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 Degussa P25 powder

The photocatalytic activities of Degussa P25 powders annealed at various temperatures in vacuum and air were studied together with investigations of their compositions by XPS, of their crystal structures by XRD and of their specific surface areas by BET. It is shown that the photocatalytic activity of P25 powders was remarkably enhanced after vacuum annealing; the kinetic coefficient can be raised by 75% during annealing at 400 degrees C. It is obvious that this enhancement is not related to the adhesion ability of the P25 powders. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) Portugal; FCT [Pest-OE/CTM/LA0024/2013]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

High-energy resolution in X-ray scattering with the spectrometer INELAX. I. The principles and the test instrument

Very high-energy resolution measurements using X-rays can be achieved by extreme backreflection (Bragg angle close to 90°) from perfect crystals. This technique, combined with the high intensity of X-rays emitted by synchrotron-radiation sources, allowed the development of the instrument INELAX for inelastic scattering experiments. The principles and test results are discussed

Phonon dispersion and low energy anomaly in CaC6_6

We report measurements of phonon dispersion in CaC$_6$ using inelastic X-ray and neutron scattering. We find good overall agreement, particularly in the 50 meV energy region, between experimental data and first-principles density-functional-theory calculations. However, on the longitudinal dispersion along the $(1 1 1)$ axis of the rhombohedral representation, we find an unexpected anti-crossing with an additional longitudinal mode, at about 11 meV. At a comparable energy, we observe also unexpected intensity on the in-plane direction. These results resolve the previous incorrect assignment of a longitudinal phonon mode to a transverse mode in the same energy range. By calculating the electron susceptibility from first principles we show that this longitudinal excitation is unlikely to be due to a plasmon and consequently can probably be due to defects or vacancies present in the sample.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review

TiO2 thin film synthesis from complex precursors by CVD, its physical and photocatalytic properties

Photocatalytic TiO2 films on glass and quartz plates were obtained by the chemical vapour deposition using Ti(dpm)(2)(Opr(i))(2) complex compound (CC-CVD method) in a standard vacuum apparatus at 1.2-2.0 x 10(-4) mbar. The substrate temperature was stabilised in the range of 450-600 degreesC. The growth rate varied from several nanometres to several dozen of nanometres per minute. Structural information on TiO2 thin films was obtained from synchrotron radiation experiments. High-resolution grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) experiments were performed at the high-resolution powder diffractometer at the DESY/HASYLAB beamline B2 (Hamburg, Germany). Thin films deposited on either single-crystal Si wafers or on amorphous quartz substrates were analysed. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 thin films was studied using a photocatalytic reactor. The fungicide Fenarimol was chosen as chemical indicator and its degradation kinetics was followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Dynamical structure factor of a nonlinear Klein-Gordon lattice

The quantum modes of a nonlinear Klein-Gordon lattice have been computed numerically [L. Proville, Phys. Rev. B 71, 104306 (2005)]. The on-site nonlinearity has been found to lead to phonon bound states. In the present paper, we compute numerically the dynamical structure factor so as to simulate the coherent scattering cross section at low temperature. The inelastic contribution is studied as a function of the on-site anharmonicity. Interestingly, our numerical method is not limited to the weak anharmonicity and permits one to study thoroughly the spectra of nonlinear phonons

Alternative Solutions for Data Storage Using Magnetic Films Exchange-Coupled Through Non-Magnetic Layer

We describe an alternative solution to encode information in magnetic films that goes beyond the conventional way of digital magnetic recording. In our approach the information is stored via a continuous variable, namely the remanent coupling angle between two magnetic films that are separated by a nonmagnetic spacer layer. Using the technique of nuclear resonant scattering (NRS) [1, 2] we show with good precision, how this coupling angle can be conveniently adjusted with high degree of remanence by shortly applied external magnetic fields. Moreover this effect is explained using a micromagnetic model [3, 4]. Extremely important for future applications of this concept, we demonstrate, that the remanent coupling angles can be read out via magneto-optical or magneto-resistance effects. In principle, this approach allows to design novel memory cells for advance data storage devices, where multiple states per unit cell can be generated and recorded

Inelastic X-ray scattering study of the collective dynamics in liquid sodium

Inelastic X-ray scattering data have been collected for liquid sodium at T=390 K, i.e. slightly above the melting point. Owing to the very high instrumental resolution, pushed up to 1.5 meV, it has been possible to determine accurately the dynamic structure factor, $S(Q,\omega)$, in a wide wavevector range, $1.5 \div 15$ nm$^{-1}$, and to investigate on the dynamical processes underlying the collective dynamics. A detailed analysis of the lineshape of $S(Q,\omega)$, similarly to other liquid metals, reveals the co-existence of two different relaxation processes with slow and fast characteristic timescales respectively. The present data lead to the conclusion that: i) the picture of the relaxation mechanism based on a simple viscoelastic model fails; ii) although the comparison with other liquid metals reveals similar behavior, the data do not exhibit an exact scaling law as the principle of corresponding state would predict.Comment: RevTex, 7 pages, 6 eps figures. Accepted by Phys. Rev.