Implementasi Pembelajaran PPKn dalam Menanamkan Nilai Karakter Peserta Didik

The purpose of this study was to determine PPKN learning strategies in instilling character values in students. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 19 Bone in XI. Data collection techniques using the approach of observation, interviews, and documentation. This study uses a type of qualitative research. Data reduction was carried out then analyzed and verified using source triangulation. The results of this study indicate that, PPKN learning strategies in instilling character values in students are by identifying changes in students' behavior and personality, choosing an appropriate approach system in the learning process, choosing and establishing teaching and learning policies and techniques to guide teachers in carry out teaching activities, establish conditions for success as a benchmark for success standards so that they can be used as a guide for teachers to evaluate the results of teaching and learning activities. In conclusion, the implementation of Pancasila and Citizenship Education learning in instilling character values in students at SMAN 19 Bone, namely through the stages of learning in class, such as praying together before starting lessons, applying discipline by arriving on time, giving assignments and motivating students after learning is finished. Keywords: Character, Character Values Education, PPKN Learning

Penanaman Nilai-Nilai Profil Pelajar Pancasila melalui Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan di SD N Kalukuan IV Kota Makassar

The purpose of this research was conducted to describe one of the innovations in Civics learning through the subject matter of Archipelagic Insights which can instill the values of the Pancasila Student Profile in students. As the goal of Civics learning is to educate citizens to become good citizens, which can be described as citizens who are patriotic, tolerant, loyal to the nation and state, religious, changeable, and true Pancasila. Data collection techniques using the approach of observation, interviews, and documentation. This study uses a type of qualitative research. Data reduction was carried out and then analyzed using triangulation sources. The results of this study indicate that: Citizenship Education Learning through archipelago insight material at SDN Kalukuan IV Makassar City provides broader knowledge and insights to students about Indonesia's diversity, so that students can get to know the regions in Indonesia, their customs, culture, and natural wealth is expected to grow the love of the nation and state. By using the Discovery Learning method and interesting learning packaging through animations and interactive videos (educational games) so that students do not feel heavy with the learning load.   Keywords: Citizenship Education, Learners, Pancasila Student Profile&nbsp

Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Dangke and Indonesian Beef as Hypocholesterolaemic Agent

Lactobacillus fermentum strains were successfully isolated from dangke which was a fresh cheese-like product originating from Enrekang, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. In addition, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophillus were isolated from beef. This study aimed to investigate the ability of those 8 LAB strains from dangke and beef in lowering cholesterol level by using in vitro study. Strain of Lactic acid bacteria used were L. fermentum strains (A323L, B111K, B323K, C113L, C212L), L. plantarum strains (IIA-1A5 and IIA-2C12), and L. acidophillus IIA-2B4. Variables observed were identification of Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) gene by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), BSH activity and cholesterol assimilation. Phylogenetic tree indicated homology of L. plantarum IIA-IA5 was 98% to BSH gene of L. plantarum Lp529 with access code of FJ439771 and FJ439775 obtained from GenBank. The results demonstrated that eight strains of LAB isolated from dangke and beef that potentially showed cholesterol-lowering effects were L. fermentum B111K and L. plantarum IIA-1A5. L. fermentum B111K was able to assimilate cholesterol by 4.10% with assimilated cholesterol of 0.13 mg in 1010 cells. In addition, L. plantarum IIA-1A5 had BSH gene and BSH activity, as well as the ability to assimilate cholesterol by 8.10% with assimilated cholesterol of 0.06 mg in 1010 cells. It is concluded that L. fermentum B111K and L. plantarum IIA-1A5 were strains that showed cholesterol-lowering effects

Syndecan-4 knockout leads to reduced extracellular transglutaminase-2 and protects against tubulointerstitial fibrosis

Transglutaminase type 2 (TG2) is an extracellular matrix crosslinking enzyme with a pivotal role in kidney fibrosis. The interaction of TG2 with the heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-4 (Sdc4) regulates the cell surface trafficking, localization, and activity of TG2 in vitro but remains unstudied in vivo. We tested the hypothesis that Sdc4 is required for cell surface targeting of TG2 and the development of kidney fibrosis in CKD. Wild-type and Sdc4-null mice were subjected to unilateral ureteric obstruction and aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) as experimental models of kidney fibrosis. Analysis of renal scarring by Masson trichrome staining, kidney hydroxyproline levels, and collagen immunofluorescence demonstrated progressive fibrosis associated with increases in extracellular TG2 and TG activity in the tubulointerstitium in both models. Knockout of Sdc-4 reduced these effects and prevented AAN-induced increases in total and active TGF-b1. In wild-type mice subjected to AAN, extracellular TG2 colocalized with Sdc4 in the tubular interstitium and basement membrane, where TG2 also colocalized with heparan sulfate chains. Heparitinase I, which selectively cleaves heparan sulfate, completely abolished extracellular TG2 in normal and diseased kidney sections. In conclusion, the lack of Sdc4 heparan sulfate chains in the kidneys of Sdc4-null mice abrogates injury-induced externalization of TG2, thereby preventing profibrotic crosslinking of extracellular matrix and recruitment of large latent TGF-b1. This finding suggests that targeting the TG2- Sdc4 interaction may provide a specific interventional strategy for the treatment of CKD

Prioritas Penentuan Nilai Pendidikan Karakter dalam Pembelajaran Sastra Remaja

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sikap dan pendapat guru SMP/MTs terhada penentuan prioritas nilai pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran sastra remaja, genre, dan stratepenyajian bahan ajar. Subjek penelitian adalah guru Bahasa Indonesia di DIY dengan sampel sebanya30 orang, hadir 24 orang, dari keempat kabupaten dan satu Kota Madya. Pengumpulan data dilakukalewat angket, wawancara, dan sumbang saran di FGD. Data dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptkualitatif dan penghitungan persentase. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut. (1) Penentuan prioritanilai-nilai karakter perlu untuk memudahkan pemantauan, pengawasan, dan penilaian. Nilai karaktyang dipilih guru adalah nilai religius, jujur, cinta tanah air, peduli lingkungan, tanggung jawab, serkreatif, gemar membaca, disiplin, dan mandiri. (2) Pemilihan genre tampak masih terpola padpembagian sastra kanonik-dewasa, namun ia harus mencakup keseluruhan genre sastra remaja. (3)Penyajian bahan ajar ditekankan pada yang mendasarkan diri pada prinsip pembelajaran kontekstuadan multintelenjjens dengan teknik penilaian otentik

Associated Factors of Low Back Pain in a Sample of Patients Attending Hawler Teaching Hospital/Erbil City A Case Control Group

الخلاصة الخلفية والهدف: آلام أسفل الظهر هو مشكلة سريرية, اجتماعية واقتصادية هامة وهو بالتأكيد مشكلة صحية عامة تؤثر على الانسان بطريقة متقطعة وبشكل عشوائي.  الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تحديد العوامل المرتبطة بآلام أسفل الظهر بين المرضى الذين يراجعون قسم العلاج الطبيعي في مستشفى هولير التعليمي في مدينة أربيل بهدف العلاج. الطريقة والمنهاج: أجريت الدراسة  واستمرت لعام كامل  بدءا من ال 3 من شهر تشرين الثاني 2014 إلى ال 3 من شهر تشرين الثاني من 2015. وشملت الدراسة 100 حالة تم تشخيصها  بآلام أسفل الظهر في قسم العلاج الطبيعي في مستشفى هولير التعليمي  مع عدد مماثل من الاشخاص الاصحاء لا يعانون من نفس المشكلة  كمجموعة ضابطة و مراعاة  التطابق في العمر والجنس لكلا المجموعتين. النتائج: اظهرت نتائج التحليل الاحصائي للانحدار المنطقي المتعدد للعوامل المرتبطة بالام اسفل الظهر ان مؤشر كتلة الجسم7.55, عدم استخدام دعم المنطقة القطنية في حالة الجلوس31.81, عدم ممارسة الرياضة 5.58,  الوقوف بشكل منتصب 34.836, الجلوس على الكرسي بمسند عالي للظهر 27.986, والجلوس على الكرسي  بمسند منخفض للظهر 65.167, عدم شرب كمية كافية من الماء يوميا 18.989, التوتر النفسي والعاطفي 14.636 مرة لها تأثير الخطورة على الاصابة بالام اسفل الظهر بشكل متوالي لكل عامل. الاستنتاجات: توصلت الدراسة الى ان معظم المشاركين في البحث هم من الموظفين و اصحاب الاعمال و هم  يؤدون اوضاع مختلفة اثناء العمل مثل: الانحناء, جلوس القرفصاء والجلوس اثناء العمل لفترات طويلة. واكد ان هناك ارتباط ذات دلالات احصائية عالية بين مؤشر كتلة الجسم, رفع الاشياء الثقيلة, قيادة السيارات والتوترات العاطفية والنفسية و بين تطور حالات الام اسفل الظهر.Background and objective: Low back pain (LBP) is an important clinical, social, economic, and public health problem affecting the population erratically and random. The aim of the study was to determine the factors associated with low back pain among patients attending physiotherapy department at Hawler teaching hospital in Erbil City. Methods: the study was carried out from November 3rd, 2014 to November 3rd 2015. The study involved of 100 cases diagnosed with low back pain in the physiotherapy depart- ment at Hawler teaching hospital subjects in control group are of the same age and gender of those in the experiment group , and 100 participants as a 100 as control group free from low back pain. Result: Multiple logistic regression of risk factors of low back pain revealed that body mass index7.55 , non using lumbar support in sitting chair during work31.81, non-practice exercise 5.58, standing erect 34.836, sitting on a high backrest chair 27.986, sitting on a low backrest chair 65.167, drinking water per day 18.989, emotional stress 14.636 time have risky effect on low back affect low back pain respectively. Conclusion: The study concluded that most of the participants in the study were employers and they perform different types of positions such as bending, squatting and sitting during work time, there were statistical significant association between body mass index, lifting heavy objects, driving and emotional stress with development of low back pai