MORSE Monte Carlo shielding calculations for the zirconium hydride reference reactor

Verification of DOT-SPACETRAN transport calculations of a lithium hydride and tungsten shield for a SNAP reactor was performed using the MORSE (Monte Carlo) code. Transport of both neutrons and gamma rays was considered. Importance sampling was utilized in the MORSE calculations. Several quantities internal to the shield, as well as dose at several points outside of the configuration, were in satisfactory agreement with the DOT calculations of the same

« Hirvi Dharti, Stri Shakti, Manav Murti »

En quoi les concepts et points de vue développés par le féminisme, à première vue sans lien avec la crise environnementale, permettent-ils en fait de féconder la pensée écologiste ? À travers l'étude des discussions que l'écoféminisme a tissées au fil du temps avec d'autres courants, je voudrais montrer que, loin de n'être qu'un cas particulier de la pensée écologiste, il constitue un outil de critique et de dépassement de la façon même dont les problèmes y sont généralement posésIn what way do the concepts and points of view developed by feminism, which at first don't seem to have anything to do with the environmental crisis, provide productive material for the ecological reflection? Through the study of discussions that emerged over time between ecofeminism and other schools of thought, I aim to show that far from being a particular instance of the ecological reflection, it is a tool to criticize and to overcome the very way problems generally are pose

Detrifluoroacetylation of Ethyl 2-(Ethoxymethylene)- 4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-Oxobutanoate

This work was financially supported by the Council for grants of the President of Russian Federation (grant no. MK-1453.2019.3)

Polynuclear Metallic Architectures Based on Fluorinated Functionalized Diketonates

K.Y.S. is thankful to the Council for grants of the President of Russian Federation (grant no. 1453.2019.3)

Селективные ингибиторы карбоксилэстеразы для повышения эффективности, безопасности и рационального применения лекарственных препаратов, содержащих сложноэфирные группы

In clinical practice, a large number of prodrugs and active drugs containing an ester, carbamate or amide moiety are used. Carboxylesterase (CaE, EC 3.1.1.1) is the key enzyme of hydrolytic metabolism of such drugs in the body, it largely determines their pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, efficacy and possible toxic effects. Using CaE selective inhibitors as components of combined drug therapy it is possible us to regulate the rate of hydrolytic transformation of ester-containing drugs and opens the possibility of their rational use. The development of effective and selective CaE inhibitors suitable for in vivo application is a new promising approach in medicinal chemistry and pharmacology that allows to improve the efficacy, bioavailability and reduce the side effects of ester-containing drugs.В клинической практике применяется большое число пролекарств и активных лекарственных средств, содержащих сложноэфирную, карбаматную или амидную группировку. Ключевым ферментом гидролитического метаболизма таких препаратов в организме являются карбоксилэстеразы (КЭ, КФ 3.1.1.1), которые в значительной степени определяют их фармакокинетику, эффективность и возможные токсические эффекты этих лекарственных средств. Использование селективных ингибиторов КЭ в качестве компонентов комбинированной лекарственной терапии позволяет регулировать скорость гидролитического превращения лекарственных препаратов со сложноэфирной группой и открывает возможность их рационального использования. Создание эффективных и селективных ингибиторов КЭ для применения in vivo, является новым перспективным подходом в медицинской химии и фармакологии, позволяющим повысить эффективность, биодоступность и снизить побочные эффекты многочисленных лекарственных средств, содержащих сложноэфирные группировки

Allelic imbalance of 7q32.3-q36.1 during tumorigenesis in Barrett's esophagus

Malignant transformation of Barrett's esophagus is characterized by three distinct premalignant stages: intestinal metaplasia (MET), low- (LGD), and high-grade dysplasia (HGD). We reported recently an increase in the frequency of loss of 7q33-q35 between LGD and HGD as determined by comparative genomic hybridization (P. H. J. Riegman et al., Cancer Res., 61: 3164-3170, 2001). Now the 7q32.3-q36.1 region was additionally characterized by allelotype analysis with 11 polymorphic markers in 15 METs, 20 LGDs, 20 HGDs, and 20 Barrett's adenocarcinomas from different patients. Low percentages of imbalance were determined in METs and LGDs, 7% and 10%, respectively, whereas HGDs and Barrett's adenocarcinomas revealed high percentages of loss, 75% and 65%, respectively. This difference in frequency between LGDs and HGDs appeared highly significant: P = 0.00007. The majority of imbalances were found at D7S2439 and D7S483, located on 7q36.1. These data suggest that markers from this area can be used as a diagnostic tool in Barrett's esophagus, i.e., to distinguish between watchful waiting and active treatment

Colorectal Tumour Microsatellite Instability Test Results: Perspectives from Patients

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Purpose</p> <p>To determine which individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC) were interested in knowing the results of their tumour microsatellite instability (MSI) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. We were also interested in the patients' reasons for choosing to learn their results and in the impact of those results on overall self-assessed quality of life.</p> <p>Patients and Methods</p> <p>CRCs from 414 individuals were assayed for MSI and IHC for DNA mismatch repair gene products (<it>MLH1</it>, <it>MSH2</it>, <it>MSH6</it>). Individuals were invited to learn their MSI/IHC results. They randomly received either brief or extended educational materials about the testing and a pretest survey to learn reasons for their interest and to assess their pretest quality of life.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of the 414 individuals, 307 (74%) chose to learn their results. There was no significant difference in interest in knowing test results according to gender, age, educational level, or family history of colon cancer. The level of detail in the information piece received by the patients did not influence their desire to know their test results. Self-assessed quality of life was not altered by receiving results and was not correlated with the test outcome.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Individuals with colorectal cancer had a high level of interest in learning their individual MSI/IHC test results and did not seem deterred by the inherent complexity or ambiguity of this information. Regardless of test outcome, results did not significantly affect self-assessed quality of life. Further studies are needed to assess comprehension of results and behavioural changes resulting from the learning of MSI/IHC results.</p

POLYFLUOROALKYL-2-(HET)ARYLHYDRAZONO-1,3-DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS IN INTRAMOLECULAR CYCLIZATION REACTIONS

This work was financially supported by the Program UB RAS (Grant number 18-3-3-13)