The effect of concentration and storage time on short-term storage of ram sperm

The present study was conducted to observe the effect of different dilution rates on ram sperm motion characters (motility, progressivity, velocity and average of speed), head diameter, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and live intact acrosome rate during liquid storage for 96 h at 5ºC. Normospermic semen samples that obtained from 4 adult rams were pooled. Pooled semen was split into two aliquots; Low Dilution Rate (LDR) (400 million) and High Dilution Rate (HDR) (20 million) motile spermatozoa per insemination dose/0.25 mL straw and were diluted with a skim milk-egg yolk-based extender. It was observed that the Total Motility (TM) and total progressivity of the LDR group decreased more rapidly than HDR group over time, in general. From the 12th h to the 96th h; the rapid progressivity (P<0.01), MMP (P<0.05), live sperm rates with intact acrosome (P<0.01) and straightness (STR) (P<0.001) of the HDR group results were statistically better than LDR. It was concluded that the spermatological properties examined during storage were damaged at different times and were affected by sperm concentration and also storage time

Transcutaneous electrical posterior tibial nerve stimulation for chronic anal fissure: a preliminary study

WOS: 000325819200017PubMed ID: 23846516Purpose Recent studies showed that sacral nerve stimulation might be an effective treatment option for chronic anal fissure. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation as a noninvasive alternative treatment for chronic anal fissure by stimulating the sacral nerve in the ankle via the posterior tibial nerve. In this prospective study, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation was applied for 10 days in addition to conventional medical treatment in ten patients. Wexner's constipation score, visual analog scale for pain, quality of life (Short Form-36), Hamilton anxiety and depression scores, symptom relief, compliance, fissure healing, and side effects were evaluated before and after treatment (days 0, 5, and 10). Ten patients (eight females/two males) with a mean age of 50.7 +/- 18.5 years were enrolled in the study. Pain and bleeding resolved in all patients 2 days after the treatment, and mucosal healing was observed in six patients 10 days after the treatment. Wexner's constipation and visual analog scale scores for pain decreased significantly (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Hamilton anxiety and depression scores decreased as well (p = 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively). Among Short Form-36 subscales, only mental health score increased significantly (p = 0.003). One patient underwent surgery at follow-up due to recurrence of symptoms, and rubber band ligation was applied to another patient who had internal hemorrhoidal rectal bleeding at the end of 10 days. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation application to the posterior tibial nerve has the potential to be an alternative treatment option for chronic anal fissure patients who seek noninvasive treatment modality

Could Cardiac Troponin I Levels Predict Mortality In The Elderly?

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Differences and similarities of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, Kawasaki disease and macrophage activating syndrome due to systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a comparative study

To compare the clinical and laboratory findings of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) and with macrophage activating syndrome due to systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA-MAS) on real-life data. Patients diagnosed with MIS-C, KD, and sJIA-MAS from 12 different centers in Turkey who were followed for at least 6 months were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings of all patients were analyzed. A total of 154 MIS-C, 59 KD, and 31 sJIA-MAS patients were included. The median age of patients with MIS-C were higher than those with KD while lower than those with sJIA-MAS (8.2, 3, 12 years, respectively). Myalgia (39.6%), cardiac (50.6%), gastrointestinal (72.7%), and neurological (22.1%) involvements were more common in patients with MIS-C compared to others. MIS-C patients had lower levels of lymphocyte (950 vs 1700 cells/mu l) and thrombocyte (173,000 vs 355,000 cells/mu l) counts and higher pro-BNP (1108 vs 55 pg/ml) levels than KD. Ferritin levels were higher in patients with MIS-C compared to patients with KD while they were lower than patients with sJIA-MAS (440, 170, 10,442 ng/ml, respectively). Patients with MIS-C had a shorter duration of hospitalization than sJIA-MAS (p = 0.02) while they required intensive care unit admission more frequently (55 vs 8 patients, p < 0.001). The median MAS/sJIA score of MIS-C patients was - 1.64 (- 5.23 to 9.68) and the median MAS/sJIA score of sJIA-MAS patients was -2.81 ([- 3.79] to [- 1.27]). MIS-C patients displayed certain differences in clinical and laboratory features when compared to KD and sJIA-MAS. Definition of the differences and similarities between MIS-C and the other intense inflammatory syndromes of childhood such as KD and MAS will help the clinicians while making timely diagnosis