614 research outputs found
The oldest amputation on a Neolithic human skeleton in France
While 'surgical' practices such as trepanations are well attested since the first stages of the European Neolithic, the amputation of limbs in Prehistoric periods has not been well-documented until the case presented here. The particularly well-preserved remains of an aged male were recently uncovered in the Neolithic site (4900-4700 BC) of Buthiers-Boulancourt in the vicinity of Paris, France. It was already noticed in situ that the distal part of the left humerus was abnormal and this led us to the hypothesis of a partially healed 'surgical' amputation.The further investigations reported here confirm a traumatic origin and a partial cicatrisation after surgery, indicating that the patient survived. It also proves the remarkable medical skills developed during Prehistorical times. In addition, the associated grave goods are original, including the skeleton of an animal, a polished schist axe and a massive 30 cm long flint pick. Despite the serious handicap from which he suffered in this pastoral-agricultural community, the buried man obviously enjoyed some particular social status, as suggested by the remarkable and 'prestigious' accompanying grave-goods. If indeed this man benefited from some form of community care, this would indicate the level of social solidarity in Western Europe almost 7000 years ago
Rachel Buquet Senior Interior Design Exhibit 2014
Design Philosophy: Design is a balance of something aesthetically pleasing and something that meets your needs. It is a balance between hard and soft; dark and light; masculine and feminine; and form and function
El desarrollo de la Ciencia PolĂtica en Uruguay
The article examines how political science has consolidated in Uruguay, both in the academic and professional spheres. Given the discipline's late development in comparison to the rest of the world and the major Latin American countries, having begun following the transition to democracy in 1985, the discipline has attained increasing prestige. It is argued that although there are indicators which may be improved, Uruguayan political science includes a cadre of well prepared researchers who have been productive both in terms of quality and quantity.En el artĂculo se examina cĂłmo se ha consolidado la Ciencia PolĂtica en Uruguay tanto en el espacio acadĂ©mico como en el ĂĄmbito profesional. Se señala que el desarrollo de la disciplina es tardĂo, en relaciĂłn al mundo y a los paĂses mĂĄs importantes de AmĂ©rica Latina, ya que se inicia posterior a la transiciĂłn a la democracia del año 1985, no obstante ello ha alcanzado un prestigio creciente. Se argumenta que aun cuando existen aspectos en los cuales es posible acrecentar los indicadores, la Ciencia PolĂtica uruguaya cuenta con un plantel de investigadores que ostenta buenos niveles de formaciĂłn y es productivo en tĂ©rminos generales, tanto en cantidad como en calidad
Instituciones polĂticas, procesos de diseño de polĂticas y resultados de las polĂticas en Uruguay
Uruguay genera una variedad de resultados polĂticos. Primero, hay polĂticas relativamente estables que permiten la apertura comercial y financiera del paĂs. TambiĂ©n, hay polĂticas de baja calidad e inflexibles relacionadas con polĂticas sociales, algunas ĂĄreas de reforma estatal (los salarios de los funcionarios del estado y mecanismos de contrataciĂłn), el rĂ©gimen de bancarrota, etc. Finalmente, estan los resultados volĂĄtiles que son generalmente los efectos de choques econĂłmicos, algunas veces relacionados con los gastos pĂșblicos. En los casos en que hay un precedente histĂłrico o que la disponibilidad de mecanismos externos de cumplimento no conducen a polĂticas relativamente estables, la principal caracterĂstica saliente de las polĂticas Uruguayas es la rigidez. La fuente de rigidez de las polĂticas Uruguayas parece ser una mezcla de factores institucionales (mĂșltiples vetos, partidos fraccionados, y mecanismos de democracia directa) y conflictos polĂticos (preferencias de polĂticas divergentes), en los cuales es muy costoso moverse del status-quo debido a la gran amenaza de un reverso de las polĂticas. Las instituciones polĂticas en el Uruguay son propicias a alcanzar un acuerdo polĂtico a corto plazo, pero no pueden cooperar efectivamente y establecer polĂticas estables y flexibles al largo plazo. La dificultad estĂĄ en conseguir intercambios polĂticos Ănter temporales que son consistentes con las principales caracterĂsticas del ambiente polĂtico: una cifra alta de principales actores polĂticos y vetos, una cifra considerable de maniobras polĂticas inobservables, una pobre aplicaciĂłn de tecnologĂa en el ĂĄrea econĂłmica, una burocracia polĂticamente influenciada, intercambios polĂticos que ocurren fuera del ruedo legislativo, y una particular constelaciĂłn de partidos y preferencias ademĂĄs de un diseño costoso de polĂticas y cambios institucionales. (Disponible en InglĂ©s)
Before Publication: Montage in Art, Architecture, and Book Design (sous la dir. de Nanni Baltzer, Martino Stierli)
La courte introduction de Nanni Baltzer et Martino Stierli permet difficilement de saisir dâemblĂ©e le point de vue dâun ouvrage qui souhaite renouveler la rĂ©flexion sur le montage en prise avec la culture matĂ©rielle. Le livre rassemble huit textes qui explorent la gĂ©nĂ©tique Ă©ditoriale de projets liĂ©s aux avant-gardes ; certains nâayant mĂȘme jamais abouti, Ă lâimage du Dadaglobe de Tristan Tzara ou des Notes pour une Histoire du cinĂ©ma de Sergei Eisenstein. En quoi le montage qui prĂ©cĂšde lâĆuv..
Sarah Kay, Animal Skins and the Reading Self in Medieval Latin and French Bestiaries
Sarah Kay, professeure de littĂ©rature française Ă lâuniversitĂ© de New York, propose, dans ce court et dense ouvrage, une Ă©tude originale sur les bestiaires mĂ©diĂ©vaux. Si S. Kay a dĂ©jĂ publiĂ© de nombreux articles sur les bestiaires latins et romans, elle propose ici un essai ambitieux qui aborde diffĂ©rentes thĂ©matiques : la philologie (histoire des diffĂ©rentes familles issues du Physiologus), la codicologie (les bestiaires dans leur matĂ©rialitĂ© manuscrite, notamment celui de lâespace de la pag..
Ed. Ruscha
La place dâEdward Ruscha en France se rĂ©vĂšle paradoxale. IcĂŽne internationale quâon associe volontiers Ă Los Angeles, il reste une figure fuyante dont lâĂ©tiquette â terme Ă prendre Ă©galement dans le sens de celui dâun petit Ă©criteau portant une dĂ©nomination â oscille entre pop art, art conceptuel, voire surrĂ©alisme. Le public français connaĂźt le peintre â pourtant trĂšs peu reprĂ©sentĂ© dans les collections nationales â et le photographe â grĂące notamment Ă lâexposition au Jeu de Paume en 2005 e..
The Aspen Complex
Avec The Aspen Complex, Martin Beck dirige un livre qui se veut le prolongement de son exposition Panel 2 â « Nothing than a touch of ecology and catastrophe to unite the social classesâŠÂ ». Plusieurs intermĂšdes illustrĂ©s portent la trace des contenus de cette installation montrĂ©e respectivement Ă Londres (Gasworks, 2008) et, dans une version modifiĂ©e, Ă New York (Arthur Ross architecture Gallery, 2009). EditĂ© en 2012 lâouvrage nâen constitue pas pour autant le catalogue mais sâenvisage plutĂŽt..
Experimental characterization of a small scale arc-jet flow using a spatially resolved UV-nIR Spectroscopy System
This paper presents emission spectroscopy measurements of the OPG2 plasma generator, a small scale thermal arc-jet recently upgraded to transition from argon to nitrogen and air flows. Spectra were recorded between 200 nm and 900 nm using a spatially resolved spectroscopy system currently under development at the Oxford Thermofluids Institute, of which design and characterisation are provided in this work. After calibration, the spectra were band-fitted to a range of radiative emission simulations of different temperature profiles and species population densities, assuming a chemical equilibrium composition. Translational and vibrational temperatures of the flow over 60 mm from the nozzle exit were inferred by identifying the closest match through a least-square fitting routine at six discrete locations. Radial enthalpy profiles were obtained under the assumption of fully developed turbulent free-jet, and the diameter of the jet was initially considered as the diameter of the visibly radiating gas, and later adjusted to include non-radiative species at temperatures above ambient. For operating conditions of 250 A and 0.2 g.sâ1, nitrogen flow was found to have a rotational temperature varying from 5200 K at the nozzle to 2800 K 60 mm downstream, and vibrational temperature varying from 8300 K to 2900 K. For the same operating conditions with air as the test gas, varied from 7200 K at the nozzle to 3100 K 60 mm downstream, and from 9300 K to 3000 K
Catherine de Smet/Pour une critique du design graphique. Dix-huit essais
« Sâexercer en zigzag » (p. 15). La dĂ©marche et la particularitĂ© du livre de Catherine de Smet, « suite discontinue de microrĂ©cits » (p. 5), se donnent bien Ă penser dans cette figure de la ligne brisĂ©e. Lâhistorienne de lâart rassemble ici dix-huit essais principalement axĂ©s sur la pĂ©riode contemporaine. Ils relĂšvent toujours en partie de lâhistoire, C. de Smet rappelant que « la critique ne saurait exister sans perspective historique » (p. 8). Rigueur intellectuelle, traçabilitĂ© de la reche..
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