696 research outputs found
Gut and neurodevelopment:The role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder
A Happy Marriage: The Stop and Affricate Inventory of the Mixed Language Light Warlpiri (Australia)
This paper presents a first acoustic analysis of the
stops and affricates of the mixed language Light
Warlpiri (Australia). The results suggest that the
Light Warlpiri phonological inventory consists of a
voiced and voiceless series of stops and affricates,
differentiated by Voice Onset Time (VOT) wordinitially
and by Constriction Duration (CD)
medially, by incorporating English-like VOT
differentiation and Constriction duration differences
found in Kriol and also in a number of traditional
Indigenous Australian languages. Word-initially,
stops from Warlpiri words pattern with
English/Kriol voiced stops; medially with the ‘long’
stops in Kriol, /c/ being the exception in patterning
with short /ʤ/, rather than the voiceless /ʧ/. This
inventory allows speakers of Light Warlpiri to
maintain sufficient phonemic contrasts to
accommodate vocabulary items in Light Warlpiri
sourced from English/Kriol as well as Warlpiri, the
Indigenous Australian language that they also speak
When more is more : the mixed language Light Warlpiri amalgamates source language phonologies to form a near-maximal inventory
This paper presents a combined analysis of the perception and production study of the mixed language Light Warlpiri (Australia), which systematically combines elements of Warlpiri, Kriol and English. The perception and production results suggest that the Light Warlpiri phonological inventory consists of a voiced and voiceless series of stops and affricates, differentiated by Voice Onset Time (VOT) word-initially and by Constriction Duration (CD) medially, by incorporating English-like VOT differentiation and Constriction duration differences found in Kriol and also in a number of traditional Indigenous Australian languages. The results also show that Light Warlpiri speakers perceptually differentiate stops and fricatives at the same POA, but that voicing distinctions in fricatives are more difficult to discriminate than voicing distinctions in stops. The large phonological inventory of Light Warlpiri combines most features of the source languages, allowing speakers of Light Warlpiri to maintain sufficient phonemic contrasts to accommodate vocabulary items in Light Warlpiri sourced from English/Kriol as well as Warlpiri
The presence of bacteria varies between colorectal adenocarcinomas, precursor lesions and non-malignant tissue
Tissue samples used for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Quantification cycles obtained using qPCR and clinical information for each clinical sample investigated using Illumina sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. (XLSX 31 kb
Electron-phonon decoupling due to strong light-matter interactions
Phonon interactions in solid-state photonics systems cause intrinsic quantum
decoherence and often present the limiting factor in emerging quantum
technology. Due to recent developments in nanophotonics, exciton-cavity
structures with very strong light-matter coupling rates can be fabricated. We
show that in such structures, a new regime emerges, where the decoherence is
completely suppressed due to decoupling of the dominant phonon process. Using a
numerically exact tensor network approach, we perform calculations in this
non-perturbative, non-Markovian dynamical regime. Here, we identify a strategy
for reaching near-unity photon indistinguishability and also discover an
interesting phonon-dressing of the exciton-cavity polaritons in the high-Q
regime, leading to multiple phonon sidebands when the light-matter interaction
is sufficiently strong.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review
Non-Markovian perturbation theories for phonon effects in strong-coupling cavity quantum electrodynamics
Phonon interactions are inevitable in cavity quantum electrodynamical systems
based on solid-state emitters or fluorescent molecules, where vibrations of the
lattice or chemical bonds couple to the electronic degrees of freedom. Due to
the non-Markovian response of the vibrational environment, it remains a
significant theoretical challenge to describe such effects in a computationally
efficient manner. This is particularly pronounced when the emitter-cavity
coupling is comparable to or larger than the typical phonon energy range, and
polariton formation coincides with vibrational dressing of the optical
transitions. In this Article, we consider four non-Markovian perturbative
master equation approaches to describe such dynamics over a broad range of
light-matter coupling strengths and compare them to numerically exact reference
calculations using a tensor network. The master equations are derived using
different basis transformations and a perturbative expansion in the new basis
is subsequently introduced and analyzed. We find that two approaches are
particularly successful and robust. The first of these is suggested and
developed in this Article and is based on a vibrational dressing of the
exciton-cavity polaritons. This enables the description of distinct
phonon-polariton sidebands that appear when the polariton splitting exceeds the
typical phonon frequency scale in the environment. The second approach is based
on a variationally optimized polaronic vibrational dressing of the electronic
state. Both of these approaches demonstrate good qualitative and quantitative
agreement with reference calculations of the emission spectrum and are
numerically robust, even at elevated temperatures, where the thermal phonon
population is significant.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figure
A definition of normovolaemia and consequences for cardiovascular control during orthostatic and environmental stress
The Frank–Starling mechanism describes the relationship between stroke volume and preload to the heart, or the volume of blood that is available to the heart—the central blood volume. Understanding the role of the central blood volume for cardiovascular control has been complicated by the fact that a given central blood volume may be associated with markedly different central vascular pressures. The central blood volume varies with posture and, consequently, stroke volume and cardiac output (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}\end{document} do not increase further indicating that in the supine resting position the heart operates on the plateau of the Frank–Starling curve which, therefore, may be taken as a functional definition of normovolaemia. Since the capacity of the vascular system surpasses the blood volume, orthostatic and environmental stress including bed rest/microgravity, exercise and training, thermal loading, illness, and trauma/haemorrhage is likely to restrict venous return and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}\end{document}. Consequently the cardiovascular responses are determined primarily by their effect on the central blood volume. Thus during environmental stress, flow redistribution becomes dependent on sympathetic activation affecting not only skin and splanchnic blood flow, but also flow to skeletal muscles and the brain. This review addresses the hypothesis that deviations from normovolaemia significantly influence these cardiovascular responses
A stochastic approach to the quantum noise of a single-emitter nanolaser
It is shown that the intensity quantum noise of a single-emitter nanolaser
can be accurately computed by adopting a stochastic interpretation of the
standard rate equation model under the only assumption that the emitter
excitation and photon number are stochastic variables with integer values. This
extends the validity of rate equations beyond the mean-field limit and avoids
using the standard Langevin approach, which is shown to fail for few emitters.
The model is validated by comparison to full quantum simulations of the
relative intensity noise and second-order intensity correlation function,
g(2)({\tau} ). Surprisingly, even when the full quantum model displays vacuum
Rabi oscillations, which are not accounted for by rate equations, the intensity
quantum noise is correctly predicted by the stochastic approach. Adopting a
simple discretization of the emitter and photon populations, thus, goes a long
way in describing quantum noise in lasers. Besides providing a versatile and
easy-to-use tool for modeling a new generation of nanolasers with many possible
applications, these results provide insight into the fundamental nature of
quantum noise in lasers.Comment: Revised and resubmitted for revie
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