1,2-Indanedione (IND) Reagent for The Detection of Latent Fingermarks: A Review

1,2-Indanedione (IND) is a chemical which is commonly used to detect latent fingermarks on dry, porous surfaces such as paper, cardboard etc. It interacts with amino acids of latent fingermarks and develops sharp, permanent, pink (also known as Joullie pink) colored fingerprints which are fluorescent in nature. It is an efficient and non-destructive approach to develop latent fingermarks. Standardized testing and validation of IND composition is suggested to improve the efficiency of this reagent to develop latent fingermarks on a wide range of surfaces of forensic importance

Fire Debris Analysis: A Need to Develop Databases

Fire debris analysis is a branch of forensic chemistry which deals with the examination and analysis of fire debris samples in order to detect and identify ignitable liquid residues in them. In addition to arson, fire debris analysis is usually performed in cases of fires of suspicious origin [1]. In addition to this, petrol bombs are used in social or religious riots, and terrorist activities. In a developing country like India, “bride burning” for dowry presents another aspect of such crimes and includes cases of homicidal or suicidal burning which require such examination [2]. Fire debris analysis is performed to determine the presence or absence of ignitable liquids in samples, to identify the chemical composition of ignitable liquid, the class of ignitable liquid, and to establish an association between ignitable liquid residues and its source

Classification of cancer cell lines using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and statistical analysis

Over the past decade, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time‑of‑flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‑TOF MS) has been established as a valuable platform for microbial identification, and it is also frequently applied in biology and clinical studies to identify new markers expressed in pathological conditions. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential of using this approach for the classification of cancer cell lines as a quantifiable method for the proteomic profiling of cellular organelles. Intact protein extracts isolated from different tumor cell lines (human and murine) were analyzed using MALDI‑TOF MS and the obtained mass lists were processed using principle component analysis (PCA) within Bruker Biotyper® software. Furthermore, reference spectra were created for each cell line and were used for classification. Based on the intact protein profiles, we were able to differentiate and classify six cancer cell lines: two murine melanoma (B16‑F0 and B164A5), one human melanoma (A375), two human breast carcinoma (MCF7 and MDA‑MB‑231) and one human liver carcinoma (HepG2). The cell lines were classified according to cancer type and the species they originated from, as well as by their metastatic potential, offering the possibility to differentiate non‑invasive from invasive cells. The obtained results pave the way for developing a broad‑based strategy for the identification and classification of cancer cell

Classification of cancer cell lines using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and statistical analysis

Over the past decade, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time‑of‑flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‑TOF MS) has been established as a valuable platform for microbial identification, and it is also frequently applied in biology and clinical studies to identify new markers expressed in pathological conditions. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential of using this approach for the classification of cancer cell lines as a quantifiable method for the proteomic profiling of cellular organelles. Intact protein extracts isolated from different tumor cell lines (human and murine) were analyzed using MALDI‑TOF MS and the obtained mass lists were processed using principle component analysis (PCA) within Bruker Biotyper® software. Furthermore, reference spectra were created for each cell line and were used for classification. Based on the intact protein profiles, we were able to differentiate and classify six cancer cell lines: two murine melanoma (B16‑F0 and B164A5), one human melanoma (A375), two human breast carcinoma (MCF7 and MDA‑MB‑231) and one human liver carcinoma (HepG2). The cell lines were classified according to cancer type and the species they originated from, as well as by their metastatic potential, offering the possibility to differentiate non‑invasive from invasive cells. The obtained results pave the way for developing a broad‑based strategy for the identification and classification of cancer cell

Cyanoacrylate fuming method for detection of latent fingermarks: a review

Abstract Cyanoacrylate, also called super glue, fuming is a chemical method for the detection of latent fingermarks on non-porous surfaces such as glass, plastic etc. The method relies on the deposition of polymerized cyanoacrylate ester on residues of latent fingermarks. The method develops clear, stable, white colored fingerprints. However, several post-treatement procedures can be used to improve the contrast of developed prints. In addition to it, some pre-treatment procedures can also be used to develop aged latent fingermarks. It is an efficient, non-destrcutive and excellent procedure for developing latent fingermarks

Raman spectroscopy – Basic principle, instrumentation and selected applications for the characterization of drugs of abuse

This review gives an overview of the developments in the analysis of drugs of abuse and other illicit substances by Raman spectroscopy for forensic purpose. The review covers the brief overview of basic principle and instrumentation of Raman spectroscopy along with selected and recent applications for characterization of drugs of abuse using this technique. These applications show the potential value of Raman spectroscopy in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of trace amounts of drugs of abuse and other illicit substances on different matrices such as cloth, currency notes, fiber etc., without extensive sample preparation in a non-destructive manner

Oil Red O (ORO) reagent for detection of latent fingermarks: a review

Abstract Background Fingerprints are most frequently used to establish the identity of a person in medicolegal cases. Wide range of methods (optical, physical, and chemical) can be used to detect latent fingerprints on porous and non-porous items recovered from crime scenes. Oil Red O, also called solvent red 27, is a lipophilic dye, which means that it stains fat and lipid components in biological samples. It is also used to stain oil and waxes to a red hue. Oil Red O is used to detect latent fingerprints on dry and wet porous items like paper and cardboard. Result The reagent develops clear, stable, and red-colored fingerprints which may be discerned in natural light. Conclusion Although the physical developer can also lift latent impressions from wet porous surfaces, the method is a multistep one and requires immersion of delicate, paper-like articles in a sequence of working solutions. Compared to that, the operational steps of Oil Red O method are simple and cost effective and require less equipment to process items