1,143 research outputs found
Theory of spin and charge fluctuations in the Hubbard model
A self-consistent theory of both spin and charge fluctuations in the Hubbard
model is presented. It is in quantitative agreement with Monte Carlo data at
least up to intermediate coupling . It includes both
short-wavelength quantum renormalization effects, and long-wavelength thermal
fluctuations which can destroy long-range order in two dimensions. This last
effect leads to a small energy scale, as often observed in high temperature
superconductors. The theory is conserving, satisfies the Pauli principle and
includes three-particle correlations necessary to account for the incipient
Mott transition.Comment: J1K 2R1 10 pages, Revtex 3.0, 4 uuencoded postscript figures, report#
CRPS-93-4
Nonlinear Meissner Effect in CuO Superconductors
Recent theories of the NMR in the CuO superconductors are based on a
spin-singlet order parameter. Since this state has nodal lines on
the Fermi surface, nonlinear effects associated with low-energy quasiparticles
become important, particularly at low temperatures. We show that the
field-dependence of the supercurrent, below the nucleation field for vortices,
can be used to locate the positions of the nodal lines of an unconventional gap
in momentum space, and hence test the proposed state.Comment: 5 pages (RevTex), 1 figure (postscript file incl.
d_{x^2-y^2}-wave superconductivity and the Hubbard model
The numerical studies of d_{x^2-y^2}-wave pairing in the two-dimensional (2D)
and the 2-leg Hubbard models are reviewed. For this purpose, the results
obtained from the determinantal Quantum Monte Carlo and the density-matrix
renormalization-group calculations are presented. These are calculations which
were motivated by the discovery of the high-T_c cuprates. In this review, the
emphasis is placed on the microscopic many-body processes which are responsible
for the d_{x^2-y^2}-wave pairing correlations observed in the 2D and the 2-leg
Hubbard models. In order to gain insight into these processes, the results on
the effective pairing interaction as well as the magnetic, density and the
single-particle excitations will be reviewed. In addition, comparisons will be
made with the other numerical approaches to the Hubbard model and the numerical
results on the t-J model. The results reviewed here indicate that an effective
pairing interaction which is repulsive at (pi,pi) momentum transfer and
enhanced single-particle spectral weight near the (pi,0) and (0,pi) points of
the Brillouin zone create optimum conditions for d_{x^2-y^2}-wave pairing.
These are two effects which act to enhance the d_{x^2-y^2}-wave pairing
correlations in the Hubbard model. Finding additional ways is an active
research problem.Comment: 85 pages, 63 figures, to appear in Advances in Physics, vol. 51, no.
6 (2002
Spontaneous otoacoustic emission recordings during contralateral pure-tone activation of medial olivocochlear reflex
We hypothesized that cochlear frequency discrimination occurs through medial olivocochlear efferent (MOCE)-induced alterations in outer hair cell (OHC) electromotility, which is independent from basilar membrane traveling waves. After obtaining informed consent, volunteers with normal hearing (n = 10; mean age: 20.6 ± 1.2 years) and patients with unilateral deafness (n = 10; mean age: 30.2 ± 17.9 years) or bilateral deafness (n = 8; mean age: 30.7 ± 13.8 years) underwent a complete physical and audiological examination, and audiological tests including transient evoked otoacoustic emission and spontaneous otoacoustic emission (TEOAE and SOAE, respectively). SOAE recordings were performed during contralateral pure-tone stimuli at 1 and 3 kHz. SOAE recordings in the presence of contralateral pure-tone stimuli showed frequency-specific activation out of the initial frequency range of SOAE responses. Basilar membrane motion during pure-tone stimulation results from OHC activation by means of MOCE neurons rather than from a traveling wave. Eventually, frequency-specific responses obtained from SOAEs suggested that OHC electromotility may be responsible for frequency discrimination of the cochlea independently from basilar membrane motion
Medial olivocochlear suppression in musicians versus non-musicians
The medial olivocochlear efferent (MOCE) branch synapses with outer hair cells (OHCs), and the efferent pathway can be activated via a contralateral acoustic stimulus (CAS). The activation of MOCE can change OHC motile responses and convert signals that are capable of controlling the sensitivity of the peripheral hearing system in a frequency-specific manner. The aim of this study was to examine the MOCE system activity in professional musicians using transient evoked otoacoustic emission test and CAS. Musician group showed stronger suppression in all frequency bands in the presence of CAS
High-T_{c} Superconductors with AF Order: Limitations on Spin-Fluctuation Pairing Mechanism
The very intriguing antagonistic interplay of antiferromagnetism (AF) and
superconductivity (SC), recently discovered in high-temperature
superconductors, is studied in the framework of a microscopic theory. We
explain the surprisingly large increase of the magnetic Bragg peak intensity
at in the magnetic field at low
temperatures in . Good agreement
with experimental results is found. The theory predicts large anisotropy of the
relative intensity %, i.e.
. The quantum (T=0) phase
diagram at H=0 is constructed. The theory also predicts: (i) the magnetic field
induced AF order in the SC state; (ii) small value for the spin-fluctuation
coupling constant . The latter gives very small SC
critical temperature , thus questioning the spin-fluctuation
mechanism of pairing in HTS oxides.Comment: Linguistic changes, improved readabilty, changed titl
Neutron scattering and superconducting order parameter in YBa2Cu3O7
We discuss the origin of the neutron scattering peak at 41 meV observed in
YBaCuO below . The peak may occur due to spin-flip electron
excitations across the superconducting gap which are enhanced by the
antiferromagnetic interaction between Cu spins. In this picture, the experiment
is most naturally explained if the superconducting order parameter has -wave
symmetry and opposite signs in the bonding and antibonding electron bands
formed within a CuO bilayer.Comment: In this version, only few minor corrections and the update of
references were done in order to make perfect correspondence with the
published version. RevTeX, psfig, 5 pages, and 3 figure
Wavelet Methods in the Relativistic Three-Body Problem
In this paper we discuss the use of wavelet bases to solve the relativistic
three-body problem. Wavelet bases can be used to transform momentum-space
scattering integral equations into an approximate system of linear equations
with a sparse matrix. This has the potential to reduce the size of realistic
three-body calculations with minimal loss of accuracy. The wavelet method leads
to a clean, interaction independent treatment of the scattering singularities
which does not require any subtractions.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, corrected referenc
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