CemOrange2 fusions facilitate multifluorophore subcellular imaging in C. elegans

Due to its ease of genetic manipulation and transparency, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has become a preferred model system to study gene function by microscopy. The use of Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein (GFP) fused to proteins or targeting sequences of interest, further expanded upon the utility of C. elegans by labeling subcellular structures, which enables following their disposition during development or in the presence of genetic mutations. Fluorescent proteins with excitation and emission spectra different from that of GFP accelerated the use of multifluorophore imaging in real time. We have expanded the repertoire of fluorescent proteins for use in C. elegans by developing a codon-optimized version of Orange2 (CemOrange2). Proteins or targeting motifs fused to CemOrange2 were distinguishable from the more common fluorophores used in the nematode; such as GFP, YFP, and mKate2. We generated a panel of CemOrange2 fusion constructs, and confirmed they were targeted to their correct subcellular addresses by colocalization with independent markers. To demonstrate the potential usefulness of this new panel of fluorescent protein markers, we showed that CemOrange2 fusion proteins could be used to: 1) monitor biological pathways, 2) multiplex with other fluorescent proteins to determine colocalization and 3) gain phenotypic knowledge of a human ABCA3 orthologue, ABT-4, trafficking variant in the C. elegans model organism

Addressing the Coast Guard Fleet Mix Problem From a Value-Centric Perspective

The decision to acquire a fleet of coast guard vessels is typically irreversible and of longterm impact. Once vessels are bought and built, they typically remain within the fleet for a few decades. This emphasizes the importance of acquiring vessels that can remain valuable to involved stakeholders throughout their life-cycle. However, determining the optimal coast guard fleet structure is difficult due to its complexity. The coast guard fleet mix problem is particularly complex since the problem involves determining which vessel capabilities that are needed, as well as how the fleet is to be utilized. In contrast to commercial maritime fleets, where accomplished missions often yields monetary profit, a coast guard's accomplished tasks are often represented as non-monetary values. Recommending a sufficient fleet structure might therefore be somewhat diffuse as it is difficult to measure the return of these types of investments. Over the past years, system success has been closely related to requirements and/or cost related characteristics, especially within defense acquisition programs. Due to the presence of endogenous and exogenous uncertainties, decision-makers have often tried to maximize system capability as a consequence to high marginal costs. This has often resulted in highly complex system solutions at very high cost levels which somehow ends up short in delivering their full potential. This is due to a requirement-centered mindset, and the literature suggests that decision-makers should consider value-centric design and decision methodologies. Using the Responsive Systems Comparison method, an illustrative case study is presented focusing on assessing the coast guard fleet mix problem from a value-centric perspective. The model incorporates a set of vessel designs which are evaluated using a multi-attribute utility aggregation model. To capture future uncertainty, a set of epoch variables are established to represent potential future operating contexts. The results from the case study show that the main benefit of using the Responsive Systems Comparison method is that it allows decision-makers to include different stakeholder objectives and attribute preferences when evaluating different coast guard fleet solutions. This enables dialog and knowledge building towards finding fleet solutions that will continue to deliver value to involved stakeholders over the fleet's life-cycle. However, due to the selected multi-attribute utility aggregation model and lack of realistic data, making a recommendation of sufficient fleet structure is difficult, as the model is not able to consider operational attributes. To improve the case study, further work on the problem should aim to collect data that can be used to represent more realistic epochs. What is particularly interesting for further consideration is how combining fleet size and mix models and simulation models with the Responsive Systems Comparison method might increase the tradespace exploration process, as it aligns the perspectives on value-centric decision making with well documented optimization algorithms. Introducing these models with the Responsive Systems Comparison method might help to describe how capable different fleet structures, presented in a tradespace, might be in responding to different contextual situations. This will hopefully enhance decision-makers' and involved stakeholders' understanding of how many vessels that are actually needed, and which vessel capabilities to include in the vessel designs by scoping cost-utility tradeoffs. Other attributes, design variables and epoch variables considered important for the coast guard fleet mix problem should be investigated

JOINT BUDGET WEB SITES AND DATABASES: OPPORTUNITIES FOR COLLABORATION IN ENTERPRISE BUDGET DEVELOPMENT

Agricultural Finance,

National Seismic System Science Plan

Recent developments in digital communication and seismometry are allowing seismologists to propose revolutionary new ways to reduce vulnerability from earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis, and to better understand these phenomena as well as the basic structure and dynamics of the Earth. This document provides a brief description of some of the critical new problems that can be addressed using modem digital seismic networks. It also provides an overview of existing seismic networks and suggests ways to integrate these together into a National Seismic System. A National Seismic System will consist of a number of interconnected regional networks (such as southern California, central and northern California, northeastern United States, northwestern United States, and so on) that are jointly operated by Federal, State, and private seismological research institutions. Regional networks will provide vital information concerning the hazards of specific regions. Parts of these networks will be linked to provide uniform rapid response on a national level (the National Seismic Network). A National Seismic System promises to significantly reduce societal risk to earthquake losses and to open new areas of fundamental basic research. The following is a list of some of the uses of a National Seismic System

Det visuelle i dramaet

Denne masteroppgaven tar for seg forfatterne Michel-Jean Sedaine, Denis Diderot, tablået og sjangermaleriet. Opéra-comiques forhold til det billedlige er utgangspunktet og en analyse av Sedaines stykker Le Déserteur og Le Roi et le fermier utgjør hoveddelen. Diderots teorier om tablået og dramaet har blitt sett på som viktige for å forstå Sedaines visuelle drama. Men kan man tilnærme seg Sedaines dramatikk ut fra andre ståsteder? I utviklingen av opéra-comique kom billedkunsten og dramaet tett på hverandre. Det er nettopp en sammenligning av disse to kunstformene dette arbeidet skal komme inn på, spesielt forholdet mellom sjangermaleriet og Sedaines dramatiske tablå.This thesis examines the authors Michel-Jean Sedaine and Denis Diderot, the tableau and the genre painting. Opéra-comique’s relation to the visual makes the starting point and a thorough analysis of Sedaine’s plays Le Déserteur and Le Roi et le fermier is the main focus. Diderots’s theories on the tableau and drama have been seen as very important in order to understand Sedaine’s visual drama. But it might be possible to understand Sedaine’s drama differently. The development of opéra-comique was also a development where art and drama moved close to each other. A comparison of art and drama, especially the relation between the genre painting and Sedaine’s tableau, is this thesis’s focus

MEDEVAC avtalen mellom SAS og Forsvaret. Bruk og gjennomføring av denne under In Amenas 2013. Et kulturelt perspektiv

Masteroppgave i luftfartsledelse (MBA) - Universitetet i Nordland, 201

"Zeige mir alle Bilder, auf denen Würfel zu sehen sind!" Die Veröffentlichung von Grafiken des Instituts für Spielforschung im Repositorium der UB Mozarteum

"Show me all images, on which cubes are depicted!" The publication of graphics of the Institute for Ludology and Playing Arts in the repository of the Mozarteum University Salzburg Library [translation of the title]. Rainer Buland, director of the Institute for Ludology and Edith Leitner, Repository Manager of the Mozarteum University Library Salzburg, talk about the decision for the electronic publication of graphics in the newly established institutional repository. Before this innovative step administrative hurdles were to overcome and technical requirements to clarify. Rainer Buland had to define technical standards such as image resolution, format and license details. The library was forced to enter interesting new ground, because for the cataloging of graphics still no rules are available. The following conversation reflects the enjoyable cooperation of research and library in creating the graphics repository

„Show me all images, on which cubes are depicted!“ The Publication of graphics of the Institute for Ludology and Playing Arts in the repository of the Mozarteum University Salzburg library

Rainer Buland (RB), Leiter des Instituts für Spielforschung und Edith Leitner (EL), Repositoriumsmanagerin der Universitätsbibliothek Mozarteum Salzburg, sprechen über die Entscheidung zur elektronischen Veröffentlichung von Grafiken im neu eingerichteten institutionellen Repositorium. Vor diesem innovativen Schritt waren administrative Hürden zu meistern und technische Anforderungen zu klären. Für Rainer Buland galt es zunächst, technische Standards wie Auflösung und Format zu definieren sowie Lizenzdetails festzulegen. Die Bibliothek war gezwungen, interessantes Neuland zu betreten, da für die Katalogisierung von Grafiken noch kein Regelwerk vorhanden ist. Das folgende Gespräch spiegelt die erfreuliche Zusammenarbeit von Forschung und Bibliothek bei der Erstellung des Grafik-Repositoriums wider.Rainer Buland (RB), director of the Institute for Ludology and Edith Leitner (EL), Repository Manager of the Mozarteum University Library Salzburg, talk about the decision for the electronic publication of graphics in the newly established institutional repository. Before this innovative step administrative hurdles were to overcome and technical requirements to clarify. Rainer Buland had to define technical standards such as image resolution, format and license details. The library was forced to enter interesting new ground, because for the cataloging of graphics still no rules are available. The following conversation reflects the enjoyable cooperation of research and library in creating the graphics repository

"Zeige mir alle Bilder, auf denen Würfel zu sehen sind!" Die Veröffentlichung von Grafiken des Instituts für Spielforschung im Repositorium der UB Mozarteum

"Show me all images, on which cubes are depicted!" The publication of graphics of the Institute for Ludology and Playing Arts in the repository of the Mozarteum University Salzburg Library [translation of the title]. Rainer Buland, director of the Institute for Ludology and Edith Leitner, Repository Manager of the Mozarteum University Library Salzburg, talk about the decision for the electronic publication of graphics in the newly established institutional repository. Before this innovative step administrative hurdles were to overcome and technical requirements to clarify. Rainer Buland had to define technical standards such as image resolution, format and license details. The library was forced to enter interesting new ground, because for the cataloging of graphics still no rules are available. The following conversation reflects the enjoyable cooperation of research and library in creating the graphics repository

Fuel Spray, Engine Deposit and Real Driving Emissions Analysis of Heavy Duty Trucks Using Used Cooking Oil as a Fuel

The current project represents the first attempt to test the environmental performance of the direct utilisation of purified used cooking oil as a fuel in a heavy goods vehicle under real world driving conditions. The properties of the used cooking oil were different from those of petroleum diesel (PD) standards however, its heat value, carbon footprint reduction potential and low cost were the key incentives driving it’s use as a fuel. The current research was a collaborative project between Convert to Green (C2G), the fuel provider, the United Biscuits Midlands Distribution Centre, the heavy goods vehicle provider and the University of Leeds as the scientific consultant and research executor. The brand of used cooking oil was Convert to Green Ultra-biofuel (C2G UBF) tested on a Mercedes-Benz EURO 5 emissions standard compliant 44 tonne articulate heavy goods vehicle (HGV). The HGV was modified for on-board UBF heating and mixing with PD. UBF was heated by heat recovery from the engine cooling system. The results showed that the UBF/PD blending ratio was 0.845 as a journey average for the entire test series. However, the HGV was recorded to run on 100% UBF at steady high speed on the M1 motorway in the Midlands region of the UK. There were no discernible deficiencies in the HGV’s performance or its traction effort. Nevertheless a slight increase in specific fuel consumption (SFC) was detected for the blended fuel. Engine durability, combustion chamber deposits and maintenance frequency were not affected by the UBF content in the fuel. Although the engine technology was designed to suppress particulate matter (PM) within the combustion process, the use of blended UBF further reduced the tailpipe PM emissions compared to the use of PD. Carbon monoxide emissions decreased when using the blended fuel, while nitrogen oxides, total hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide increased compared to PD emissions. The benefits of UBF utilisation as a fuel lie in the huge carbon savings and reduced PM emissions when compared to the use of PD as well as its use in providing a cost effective fuel supply and waste management technique