722 research outputs found
Experimental and numerical investigation of thermocapillary driven phenomena for evaporating menisci in capillary tubes related to microelectronics cooling
Modeling Empathy and Distress in Reaction to News Stories
Computational detection and understanding of empathy is an important factor
in advancing human-computer interaction. Yet to date, text-based empathy
prediction has the following major limitations: It underestimates the
psychological complexity of the phenomenon, adheres to a weak notion of ground
truth where empathic states are ascribed by third parties, and lacks a shared
corpus. In contrast, this contribution presents the first publicly available
gold standard for empathy prediction. It is constructed using a novel
annotation methodology which reliably captures empathy assessments by the
writer of a statement using multi-item scales. This is also the first
computational work distinguishing between multiple forms of empathy, empathic
concern, and personal distress, as recognized throughout psychology. Finally,
we present experimental results for three different predictive models, of which
a CNN performs the best.Comment: To appear at EMNLP 201
Childhood in the Philosophy of Maurice Merleau-Ponty. The barbarian thinking of children as an expression of the world of life
In this paper an analysis will be conducted on some of the works of Maurice MerleauPonty, in which the phenomenologist provides a description of childhood or where the child image will report any relevant aspect within his theory. The description of the child as a place inhabited by many places, as a primary silence or asthat unspeakable, shows us the childhood as the opening of a new field of experience, as the institution of a new sense. Childhood will not only be a methodological interest object in his psychology studies, but also that primal going-forward of experience, the mere potentiality yet not thrown (or rather, not yet been thrown) in the world where everything will, necessarily, have sense.Fil: Buffone, Jesica Estefanía. Universidad de Lyon 3; Francia. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentin
Understanding and Measuring Psychological Stress using Social Media
A body of literature has demonstrated that users' mental health conditions,
such as depression and anxiety, can be predicted from their social media
language. There is still a gap in the scientific understanding of how
psychological stress is expressed on social media. Stress is one of the primary
underlying causes and correlates of chronic physical illnesses and mental
health conditions. In this paper, we explore the language of psychological
stress with a dataset of 601 social media users, who answered the Perceived
Stress Scale questionnaire and also consented to share their Facebook and
Twitter data. Firstly, we find that stressed users post about exhaustion,
losing control, increased self-focus and physical pain as compared to posts
about breakfast, family-time, and travel by users who are not stressed.
Secondly, we find that Facebook language is more predictive of stress than
Twitter language. Thirdly, we demonstrate how the language based models thus
developed can be adapted and be scaled to measure county-level trends. Since
county-level language is easily available on Twitter using the Streaming API,
we explore multiple domain adaptation algorithms to adapt user-level Facebook
models to Twitter language. We find that domain-adapted and scaled social
media-based measurements of stress outperform sociodemographic variables (age,
gender, race, education, and income), against ground-truth survey-based stress
measurements, both at the user- and the county-level in the U.S. Twitter
language that scores higher in stress is also predictive of poorer health, less
access to facilities and lower socioeconomic status in counties. We conclude
with a discussion of the implications of using social media as a new tool for
monitoring stress levels of both individuals and counties.Comment: Accepted for publication in the proceedings of ICWSM 201
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