63 research outputs found
Sociolinguistic Features for Author Gender Identification: From Qualitative Evidence to Quantitative Analysis
This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Quantitative Linguistics on 7 October 2016, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/09296174.2016.1226430. The Accepted Manuscript is under embargo. Embargo end date: 7 April 2018.Theoretical and empirical studies prove the strong relationship between social factors and the individual linguistic attitudes. Different social categories, such as gender, age, education, profession and social status, are strongly related with the linguistic diversity of people’s everyday spoken and written interaction. In this paper, sociolinguistic studies addressed to gender differentiation are overviewed in order to identify how various linguistic characteristics differ between women and men. Thereafter, it is examined if and how these qualitative features can become quantitative metrics for the task of gender identification from texts on web blogs. The evaluation results showed that the “syntactic complexity”, the “tag questions”, the “period length”, the “adjectives” and the “vocabulary richness” characteristics seem to be significantly distinctive with respect to the author’s gender.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio
Quantifying the direct radiative effect of absorbing aerosols for numerical weather prediction: a case study
We conceptualize aerosol radiative transfer processes arising from the
hypothetical coupling of a global aerosol transport model and a global
numerical weather prediction model by applying the US Naval Research
Laboratory Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) and the Navy
Global Environmental Model (NAVGEM) meteorological and surface reflectance
fields. A unique experimental design during the 2013 NASA Studies of
Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by
Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) field mission allowed for collocated airborne
sampling by the high spectral resolution Lidar (HSRL), the Airborne
Multi-angle SpectroPolarimetric Imager (AirMSPI), up/down shortwave (SW) and infrared (IR) broadband radiometers, as
well as NASA A-Train support from the Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS), to attempt direct aerosol forcing closure. The
results demonstrate the sensitivity of modeled fields to aerosol radiative
fluxes and heating rates, specifically in the SW, as induced in this event
from transported smoke and regional urban aerosols. Limitations are
identified with respect to aerosol attribution, vertical distribution, and
the choice of optical and surface polarimetric properties, which are
discussed within the context of their influence on numerical weather
prediction output that is particularly important as the community propels
forward towards inline aerosol modeling within global forecast systems.</p
Increased insolation threshold for runaway greenhouse processes on Earth like planets
Because the solar luminosity increases over geological timescales, Earth
climate is expected to warm, increasing water evaporation which, in turn,
enhances the atmospheric greenhouse effect. Above a certain critical
insolation, this destabilizing greenhouse feedback can "runaway" until all the
oceans are evaporated. Through increases in stratospheric humidity, warming may
also cause oceans to escape to space before the runaway greenhouse occurs. The
critical insolation thresholds for these processes, however, remain uncertain
because they have so far been evaluated with unidimensional models that cannot
account for the dynamical and cloud feedback effects that are key stabilizing
features of Earth's climate. Here we use a 3D global climate model to show that
the threshold for the runaway greenhouse is about 375 W/m, significantly
higher than previously thought. Our model is specifically developed to quantify
the climate response of Earth-like planets to increased insolation in hot and
extremely moist atmospheres. In contrast with previous studies, we find that
clouds have a destabilizing feedback on the long term warming. However,
subsident, unsaturated regions created by the Hadley circulation have a
stabilizing effect that is strong enough to defer the runaway greenhouse limit
to higher insolation than inferred from 1D models. Furthermore, because of
wavelength-dependent radiative effects, the stratosphere remains cold and dry
enough to hamper atmospheric water escape, even at large fluxes. This has
strong implications for Venus early water history and extends the size of the
habitable zone around other stars.Comment: Published in Nature. Online publication date: December 12, 2013.
Accepted version before journal editing and with Supplementary Informatio
Why and how does shared language affect subsidiary knowledge inflows? A social identity perspective
We draw on social identity theory to conceptualize a moderated mediation model that examines the relationship between shared language among subsidiary and HQ managers, and subsidiaries’ knowledge inflows from HQ.
Specifically, we study (1) whether this relationship is mediated by the extent to which subsidiary managers share HQ goals and vision, and the extent to which HR decisions are centralized; and (2) whether subsidiary type moderates these mediated relationships. Building on a sample of 817 subsidiaries in nine countries/regions, we find support for our model. Implications for research on HQ-subsidiary knowledge flows, social identity theory and international HRM are discussed
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