22,221 research outputs found
Information seeking in the Humanities: physicality and digitality
This paper presents a brief overview of a research project
that is examining the information seeking practices of
humanities scholars. The results of this project are being
used to develop digital resources to better support these
work activities. Initial findings from a recent set of
interviews is offered, revealing the importance of physical
artefacts in the humanities scholars’ research processes and
the limitations of digital resources. Finally, further work
that is soon to be undertaken is summarised, and it is hoped
that after participation in this workshop these ideas will be
refined
Invisible Pixels Are Dead, Long Live Invisible Pixels!
Privacy has deteriorated in the world wide web ever since the 1990s. The
tracking of browsing habits by different third-parties has been at the center
of this deterioration. Web cookies and so-called web beacons have been the
classical ways to implement third-party tracking. Due to the introduction of
more sophisticated technical tracking solutions and other fundamental
transformations, the use of classical image-based web beacons might be expected
to have lost their appeal. According to a sample of over thirty thousand images
collected from popular websites, this paper shows that such an assumption is a
fallacy: classical 1 x 1 images are still commonly used for third-party
tracking in the contemporary world wide web. While it seems that ad-blockers
are unable to fully block these classical image-based tracking beacons, the
paper further demonstrates that even limited information can be used to
accurately classify the third-party 1 x 1 images from other images. An average
classification accuracy of 0.956 is reached in the empirical experiment. With
these results the paper contributes to the ongoing attempts to better
understand the lack of privacy in the world wide web, and the means by which
the situation might be eventually improved.Comment: Forthcoming in the 17th Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society
(WPES 2018), Toronto, AC
Health and cancer prevention: knowledge and beliefs of children and young people
Objective: To collect information from children and young people about their knowledge of and attitudes towards cancer and their understanding of health and health related behaviours to inform future health promotion work. Design: Questionnaire survey of 15-16 year olds, and interviews with play materials with 9-10 year old children. Setting: Six inner city, suburban, and rural schools. Subjects: 226 children aged 15-16 years and 100 aged 9-10 years. Main outcome measures: Knowledge about different types of cancer; beliefs about health; sources of information; quality of research data obtainable from young children about cancer and health. Results: Both samples knew most about lung cancer, but there was also some knowledge of breast and skin cancer and leukaemia. Smoking, together with pollution and other environmental factors, were seen as the dominant causes of cancer. Environmental factors were mentioned more often by the inner city samples. Television and the media were the most important sources of information. Young people were more worried about unemployment than about ill health. More than half the young people did not describe their health as good, and most said they did not have a healthy lifestyle. Children were able to provide detailed information about their knowledge and understanding by using drawings as well as interviews. Conclusions: Children and young people possess considerable knowledge about cancer, especially about lung cancer and smoking, and show considerable awareness of predominant health education messages. Despite this knowledge, many lead less than healthy lifestyles. Health is not seen as the most important goal in life by many young people; the circumstances in which many children and young people live are not experienced as health promoting
Impactite and pseudotachylite from Roter Kamm Crater, Namibia
Pseudotachylite is known to occur in a variety of geologic settings including thrust belts (e.g., the Alps and the Himalayas) and impact craters such as Roter Kamm, Namibia. Controversy exists, however, as to whether pseudotachylite can be produced by shock brecciation as well as by tectonic frictional melting. Also open to debate is the question of whether pseudotachylites form by frictional fusion or by cataclasis. It was speculated that the pseudotachylite at Roter Kamm was formed by extensional settling and adjustment of basement blocks during 'late modification stage' of impact. The occurrence of pseudotachylite in association with rocks resembling quenched glass bombs and melt breccias in a relatively young crater of known impact origin offers a rare opportunity to compare features of these materials. Petrographic, x-ray diffraction, and electron microprobe analyses of the impactites and pseudotachylites are being employed to determine the modes of deformation and to assess the role of frictional melting and comminution of adjacent target rocks
Mathematical Analysis and Simulations of the Neural Circuit for Locomotion in Lamprey
We analyze the dynamics of the neural circuit of the lamprey central pattern
generator (CPG). This analysis provides insights into how neural interactions
form oscillators and enable spontaneous oscillations in a network of damped
oscillators, which were not apparent in previous simulations or abstract phase
oscillator models. We also show how the different behaviour regimes
(characterized by phase and amplitude relationships between oscillators) of
forward/backward swimming, and turning, can be controlled using the neural
connection strengths and external inputs.Comment: 4 pages, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter
Radio-Excess IRAS Galaxies: IV. Optical Spectroscopy
This is the fourth in our series of papers investigating radio-excess
galaxies, which have radio emission associated with an active nucleus but which
do not fit into the traditional categories of either radio-loud or radio-quiet
active galaxies. In this paper, we present optical spectra of our sample of
FIR-luminous radio-excess galaxies. Optical emission line diagnostics are used
to determine the dominant source of the ionizing radiation. We find that radio
excess is an excellent indicator of the presence of an active nucleus: the
radio-excess sample contains a much higher fraction of AGN than samples
selected on FIR luminosity alone, or using other criteria such as warm FIR
colors. Several objects have ambiguous classifications and are likely to be
composite objects with mixed excitation. The type of optical spectrum appears
to be associated with the radio-loudness: radio-loud objects may be more `pure'
AGN than radio-intermediate objects. We find strong evidence for interaction
between the radio plasma and the surrounding gas. The jet energy fluxes of the
radio-excess objects, inferred from the [O III] luminosities, are lower than in
powerful radio sources, consistent with our previous results. We conclude that
the jets of radio-intermediate sources are intrinsically weaker than those in
sources with more powerful radio emission. A significant fraction of the sample
spectra show post-starburst stellar continuum, with A-star absorption lines,
consistent with the large fraction of merging or disturbed host galaxies in the
sample. The ages of the radio sources are significantly less than those of A
stars indicating that, if the radio sources are associated with merging
activity, there is a delay between the interaction and the initiation of the
radio activity. (Abridged.)Comment: Accepted for publication in AJ; version with high resolution figures
available from http://www.cis.rit.edu/~clbsps/papers/paper4.pd
Human Rights and History Education: An australian study
The place of education for and about human rights within the school curriculum remains contested and this paper reports on the first national crosssectoral investigation of its place in Australian curricula and more specifically in national and state History curriculum documents. Opportunities for the inclusion of human rights based studies were examined across school learning stages, taking into account explicit and implicit, compulsory or elective, as well as curricular and extra-curricular dimensions. Given the continued importance of History as a learning area, there is a need to strengthen the available explicit and mandatory opportunities for students to learn about human rights issues, working closely with key teacher associations, non-government agencies and supportive networks, drawing on available educational technologies
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