Analysis of the motor development in brazilian schoolchildren with corporal measures of obesity and Overweight

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el perfil de las características motoras de niños con sobrepeso/obesidad. Se midieron las características antropométricas y las características motoras de 284 niños sanos de 6 a 10 años, dividiéndose en tres grupos: normales, con sobrepeso y con obesidad. El instrumento utilizado es la Escala de Desarrollo Motor EDM, desarrollado por Rosa Neto en 1996. Los niños obesos mostraron una deficiencia significativa (p<0,05) en todas las estructuras motoras y en relación con su edad cronológica. Los niños con sobrepeso mostraron un retraso en el equilibrio (p<0,01), esquema corporal (p<0,02), organización espacial (p≤0,01) y organización temporal (p≤0,01). Se puede concluir que los niños con sobrepeso y obesidad tienen un retraso con respecto a sus compañeros de peso normalThe aim of this study was to analyse the profile of the motor features of children with overweight/obesity. The anthropometric and motor characteristics of 284 healthy children 6 to 10 years were measured, divided in three groups: with normal weight, with overweight and with obesity. The used instrument is the Scale of Motor Development EDM, developed by Rosa Neto in 1996. Obese children showed a significant deficiency (p<0.5) in all structures in relation to motor and chronological age. Overweight children showed a delay in equilibrium (p<0.01), body image (p<0.02), spatial organization (p<0.01) and temporal organization (p<0.01). We conclude that children with overweight and obesity are lagging behind their peers of normal weigh

Composição e diversidade da ictiofauna do reservatório La Viña (Córdoba, Argentina)

Several dams have been built in central and north Argentina. There are more than 20 reservoirs in Córdoba province, with a total estimated surface area of around 15,000 ha. Although construction of dams continues, some aspects about the richness, abundance and diversity of ichthyofauna in many of these environments are unknown, which prevents adequate management of fish resources. The goal of this work was to evaluate specific richness and diversity of ichthyofauna in La Viña reservoir (31° 47' S and 65° 01' W, 1,050 ha, 846 m asl), one of the major reservoirs in Córdoba. Fifteen seasonal samplings were made in 1999-2002 using trawl nets and gillnets. A total of 3,242 specimens belonging to 7 species distributed in 5 orders and 5 families were caught. The tetra Astyanax eigenmanniorum (52.9%) and the silverside Odontesthes bonariensis (29.3%) were the most abundant species; the latter is the main target species for lake fishing and had greatest biomass (63.8%). Average diversity for all samples was H'T=1.63 (95% confidence interval 1.49 to 1.77). Shannon-Wiener and Simpson diversity indexes values were generally intermediate. Specific richness of La Viña reservoir was moderate compared with other impoundments in central and north Argentina.Na área central e norte da Argentina há uma importante quantidade de represas. Na província de Córdoba, existem, na atualidade, mais de 20 reservatórios que ocupam uma superfície aproximada de 15.000 ha. Embora a construção de represas continue em uma grande quantidade de ambientes, não se conhecem alguns aspectos da riqueza, abundância e diversidade da ictiofauna, dificultando a gestão e manejo dos recursos pesqueiros. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a riqueza específica e a diversidade da ictiofauna do reservatório La Viña (31° 47’ S e 65° 01’ W, 1.050 ha, 846 msnm), um dos mais importantes de Córdoba. No período entre 1999-2002, realizaram-se 15 amostragens estacionais, utilizando-se redes de arrasto e de espera. Coletaram-se 3.242 indivíduos de 7 espécies distribuídas em 5 ordens e 5 famílias. Em função do número total de espécies, as de maior abundância foram lambari Astyanax eigenmanniorum (52,9%) e peixe-rei Odontesthes bonariensis (29,3%), sendo esta última espécie o objetivo da pescaria do lago e a que alcançou a maior biomassa (63,8%). Considerando o total da amostragem, a diversidade média foi de H’T = 1,63, com um intervalo de confiança (95%) de 1,49 a 1,77. No geral, os índices de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener e Simpson foram médios. Comparando com outros reservatórios da área central e norte da Argentina, a riqueza específica do reservatório La Viña é moderada.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Patrones de riesgo e implicancias de la presencia de <i>Contracaecum</i> sp. (Nematoda, anisakidae) en pejerrey <i>Odontesthes bonariensis</i> (Pisces, atherinopsidae)

Several internal and external parasites have been reported in the wild population of the pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis, although most of previous studies have focused on taxonomy. The aims of this research were to describe the seasonal variation and the age prevalence pattern of the nematode Contracaecum sp., and to characterize the association between the pejerrey parasitic infestation with body condition score. Four samples, one per season, were collected during the years 2002 and 2003 in a shallow lake located in the southern area of Cordoba, Argentina (34° 36’S, 64° 24’W). The fishes caught were subject to age estimation using the Von Bertalanffy’s equation, the assessment of the relative weight (Wr) and the determination of abundance and intensity of the parasite infestation. The standard length average (n = 283) was 185,5 mm (range 38 - 380). The proportion of fishes with at least one parasite was 10,1%. The highest abundance (0,94) and prevalence (24,6%) were observed in summer, and the highest average intensity in autumn (5,7 parasites /fish). Fishes > 2 years old showed 5,99 more times (odds ratio IC95% 2,41 - 14,84) of being parasited with Contracaecum sp. in comparison to younger fishes. The Wr was lower for infested fishes (85,45; IC95% 81,82 - 89,08) in comparison to non infested specymens even after the statistical adjustment for season and age effects. Since Contracaecum sp. is zoonotic, the prevalence reported may pose a risk to humans due to the common habits of consuming uncontrolled fishes in recreational fisheries. In addition to that, parasitic infestation may also reduce body condition in fishes of commercial size.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raul A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA

Patrones de riesgo e implicancias de la presencia de <i>Contracaecum</i> sp. (Nematoda, anisakidae) en pejerrey <i>Odontesthes bonariensis</i> (Pisces, atherinopsidae)

Several internal and external parasites have been reported in the wild population of the pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis, although most of previous studies have focused on taxonomy. The aims of this research were to describe the seasonal variation and the age prevalence pattern of the nematode Contracaecum sp., and to characterize the association between the pejerrey parasitic infestation with body condition score. Four samples, one per season, were collected during the years 2002 and 2003 in a shallow lake located in the southern area of Cordoba, Argentina (34° 36’S, 64° 24’W). The fishes caught were subject to age estimation using the Von Bertalanffy’s equation, the assessment of the relative weight (Wr) and the determination of abundance and intensity of the parasite infestation. The standard length average (n = 283) was 185,5 mm (range 38 - 380). The proportion of fishes with at least one parasite was 10,1%. The highest abundance (0,94) and prevalence (24,6%) were observed in summer, and the highest average intensity in autumn (5,7 parasites /fish). Fishes > 2 years old showed 5,99 more times (odds ratio IC95% 2,41 - 14,84) of being parasited with Contracaecum sp. in comparison to younger fishes. The Wr was lower for infested fishes (85,45; IC95% 81,82 - 89,08) in comparison to non infested specymens even after the statistical adjustment for season and age effects. Since Contracaecum sp. is zoonotic, the prevalence reported may pose a risk to humans due to the common habits of consuming uncontrolled fishes in recreational fisheries. In addition to that, parasitic infestation may also reduce body condition in fishes of commercial size.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raul A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA

Patrones de riesgo e implicancias de la presencia de <i>Contracaecum</i> sp. (Nematoda, anisakidae) en pejerrey <i>Odontesthes bonariensis</i> (Pisces, atherinopsidae)

Several internal and external parasites have been reported in the wild population of the pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis, although most of previous studies have focused on taxonomy. The aims of this research were to describe the seasonal variation and the age prevalence pattern of the nematode Contracaecum sp., and to characterize the association between the pejerrey parasitic infestation with body condition score. Four samples, one per season, were collected during the years 2002 and 2003 in a shallow lake located in the southern area of Cordoba, Argentina (34° 36’S, 64° 24’W). The fishes caught were subject to age estimation using the Von Bertalanffy’s equation, the assessment of the relative weight (Wr) and the determination of abundance and intensity of the parasite infestation. The standard length average (n = 283) was 185,5 mm (range 38 - 380). The proportion of fishes with at least one parasite was 10,1%. The highest abundance (0,94) and prevalence (24,6%) were observed in summer, and the highest average intensity in autumn (5,7 parasites /fish). Fishes > 2 years old showed 5,99 more times (odds ratio IC95% 2,41 - 14,84) of being parasited with Contracaecum sp. in comparison to younger fishes. The Wr was lower for infested fishes (85,45; IC95% 81,82 - 89,08) in comparison to non infested specymens even after the statistical adjustment for season and age effects. Since Contracaecum sp. is zoonotic, the prevalence reported may pose a risk to humans due to the common habits of consuming uncontrolled fishes in recreational fisheries. In addition to that, parasitic infestation may also reduce body condition in fishes of commercial size.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raul A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA

Composição e diversidade da ictiofauna do reservatório La Viña (Córdoba, Argentina)

Several dams have been built in central and north Argentina. There are more than 20 reservoirs in Córdoba province, with a total estimated surface area of around 15,000 ha. Although construction of dams continues, some aspects about the richness, abundance and diversity of ichthyofauna in many of these environments are unknown, which prevents adequate management of fish resources. The goal of this work was to evaluate specific richness and diversity of ichthyofauna in La Viña reservoir (31° 47' S and 65° 01' W, 1,050 ha, 846 m asl), one of the major reservoirs in Córdoba. Fifteen seasonal samplings were made in 1999-2002 using trawl nets and gillnets. A total of 3,242 specimens belonging to 7 species distributed in 5 orders and 5 families were caught. The tetra Astyanax eigenmanniorum (52.9%) and the silverside Odontesthes bonariensis (29.3%) were the most abundant species; the latter is the main target species for lake fishing and had greatest biomass (63.8%). Average diversity for all samples was H'T=1.63 (95% confidence interval 1.49 to 1.77). Shannon-Wiener and Simpson diversity indexes values were generally intermediate. Specific richness of La Viña reservoir was moderate compared with other impoundments in central and north Argentina.Na área central e norte da Argentina há uma importante quantidade de represas. Na província de Córdoba, existem, na atualidade, mais de 20 reservatórios que ocupam uma superfície aproximada de 15.000 ha. Embora a construção de represas continue em uma grande quantidade de ambientes, não se conhecem alguns aspectos da riqueza, abundância e diversidade da ictiofauna, dificultando a gestão e manejo dos recursos pesqueiros. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a riqueza específica e a diversidade da ictiofauna do reservatório La Viña (31° 47’ S e 65° 01’ W, 1.050 ha, 846 msnm), um dos mais importantes de Córdoba. No período entre 1999-2002, realizaram-se 15 amostragens estacionais, utilizando-se redes de arrasto e de espera. Coletaram-se 3.242 indivíduos de 7 espécies distribuídas em 5 ordens e 5 famílias. Em função do número total de espécies, as de maior abundância foram lambari Astyanax eigenmanniorum (52,9%) e peixe-rei Odontesthes bonariensis (29,3%), sendo esta última espécie o objetivo da pescaria do lago e a que alcançou a maior biomassa (63,8%). Considerando o total da amostragem, a diversidade média foi de H’T = 1,63, com um intervalo de confiança (95%) de 1,49 a 1,77. No geral, os índices de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener e Simpson foram médios. Comparando com outros reservatórios da área central e norte da Argentina, a riqueza específica do reservatório La Viña é moderada.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Nonexpanded mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative medicine: yield in stromal vascular fraction from adipose tissues

The adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) represents a rich source of mesenchymal cells, potentially able to differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, myocytes, cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, and neuronal, epithelial, and endothelial cells. These cells are ideal candidates for use in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, including gene therapy, and cell replacement cancer therapies. In this work, we aimed to the optimization of the adipose SVF-based therapy, and the effect of the collection site, surgical procedure, and tissue processing techniques on SVF yield was evaluated in terms of cell recovery and live cells, taking into account the effect of gender, age, and body mass index. Adipose tissue samples were recovered from 125 informed subjects (37 males and 88 females; mean age: 51.31 years; range: 15-87 years), and digested in different condition with collagenase. A multivariate linear model put in evidence that in males the best collection site in terms of yield is located in the abdomen, whereas in females the biopsy region do not influence cell recovery; the collection technique, the age, and the body mass index of donor seem not to influence the cell yield. The tissue-processing procedures strongly modify the yield and the vitality of cells: a collagenase concentration of 0.2% and a digestion time of 1h could be chosen as the best operating conditions

Extending the COVAD toolbox to accommodate system non-linearities

The COVAD toolbox is a MATLAB/Simulink based tool conceived and developed for the rapid analysis and simulation of stochastically driven dynamic systems. In addition to a generic Monte Carlo capability, the toolbox is also supported by traditional analytical techniques such as the adjoint and covariance analysis methods. However, these latter techniques only apply to linear systems. The objective of this paper is to explore the feasibility of extending COVAD to enhance its non-Monte Carlo capability for the analysis of non-linear systems. The present investigation will focus on the use and implementation of a well-known linearization technique known as the statistical linearization method. This technique has been used in the past in conjunction with the standard adjoint and covariance analysis method to provide sufficiently accurate solutions to certain classes of non-linear problems. Calculating the miss distance statistics of the homing loop of a generic guided missile under acceleration limiting will then be used as an example to demonstrate the utility of the software. Copyright © 2009 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc

Adjoint analysis of mixed continuous/discrete systems in simulink

The adjoint simulation method is a well established and efficient tool for gaining insight and understanding of key parameters affecting the behaviour and performance of a guided missile homing system. Traditionally, the method has been employed by various missile companies during the preliminary and conceptual stages of new missile programs. A software package, called COVAD, was developed recently to facilitate implementation of the adjoint method within a MATLAB/Simulink environment. However, at present, COVAD accommodates continuous dynamic systems only. In order to extend the capability of COVAD to discrete and hybrid systems, investigations were carried out to determine the method of approach in Simulink and resolve any implementation issues. The purpose of this paper is to report on these investigations. Several examples are included to illustrate the proposed method within the MATLAB/Simulink environment. © 2010 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved