Coccygodynia in childhood and its treatment

Coccygodynia is the pain in the zone of the coccygeal bone. The cause is injury. The purpose is to determine the main clinical and X-ray signs of coccygodeny in childhood and to justify the effectiveness of her surgical treatment. Since 2005, 33 children have been observed with a clinical symptoms of coccygodynia - age from 8 to 17 years old. There were 5 boys and 28 girls. On examination, all patients were determined constant pain in the coccyx. Clinically - the coccygeal zone without pathological changes. Palpation in this area defined pain at all 33 patients, 24 patients have pain while sitting on a solid surface, pain during the act of defecation at 16 patients. Vicious position of coccygeal bone and pain determined in all patients with rectal examination and X-Ray. Anamnesis contains a fall on the buttocks. All patients underwent surgery - removal of coccyx bone. The pain syndrome disappeared on the second day after surgery at 27 patients, all children without pain syndrome were prescribed for outpatient observation. All patients treated with a surgical method had a persistent cure - the pain syndrome in the coccyx region disappeared. Long-term results were followed to a depth of 5 years, recurrence of pain wasn`t observed. Coccygodynia is a consequence of traumatic damage of the coccygeal bone followed by non-nonunion of the fracture, and the rapid development of scar tissue with involvement in the process of sensory nerve endings to the clinic constant pain in the coccyx. Diagnosis is simple - a constant pain in the area of the coccyx. Radiographically is a vicious position of the coccygeal bone. The removal of the coccygeal bone is an effective way to treat coccygodynia

Treatment of notta desease according to shastin method in our modification

Tenosynovitis stenosans is a dysplastic pathology of the anular ligament of the fingers that occurs in children most often between the ages of 1 to 3 years. The anular ligaments of the first finger are most often affected, although this is possible with the other fingers. Parents notice the difficult extension of the first finger or the inability to unbend the first finger completely. Also one can notice directly at the base of the first finger on the palmar side a thickening. The purpose is to prove the effectiveness of the mini-invasive method of treatment according to Shastin method in our modification. In recent years, we observed 67 children under the age of 3 years, in 51 cases the constrictive ligament was observed in the first finger, 16 were from other fingers. In 49 cases it was on both first fingers of brushes. Before surgery, ultrasound was also performed, which specified the area of the pathologically altered anular ligament and its extent. Operative access is performed on the palmar surface in the middle of the finger through a point incision (according to Shastin method) with a special pointed scalpel in the projection of the pathologically altered anular ligament, which was later dissected longitudinally. After all procedures a tendon of the long flexor gets the possibility of free sliding in its channel and the finger takes the usual position. The edges of the surgical wound approached by a thin strip of adhesive. After getting out of anesthetic sleep the child could move his finger freely. Traced long-term results up to 7 years in 45 patients. The functions of the fingers were restored completely in all 45 patients, there were no relapses. Operative treatment in our modification is low-traumatic, highly effective and extremely rarely leads to relapses

Ratios of Helicity Amplitudes for Exclusive ρ0\rho^0 Electroproduction

Exclusive rho^0-meson electroproduction is studied in the HERMES experiment, using a 27.6 GeV longitudinally polarized electron/positron beam and unpolarized hydrogen and deuterium targets in the kinematic region 0.5 GeV^2 < Q^2 < 7.0 GeV^2, 3.0 GeV < W < 6.3 GeV, and -t' < 0.4 GeV^2. Real and imaginary parts of the ratios of the natural-parity-exchange helicity amplitudes T_{11} (\gamma^*_T --> \rho_T), T_{01} (\gamma^*_T --> \rho_L), T_{10} (\gamma^*_L --> \rho_T), and T_{1-1} (\gamma^*_{-T} -->\rho_T) to T_{00} (\gamma^*_L --> \rho_L) are extracted from the data. For the unnatural-parity-exchange amplitude U_{11}, the ratio |U_{11}/T_{00}| is obtained. The Q^2 and t' dependences of these ratios are presented and compared with perturbative QCD predictions.Comment: 27 pages, 8 tables, 13 figures; minor textual changes on pages 2, 3,9, 10, 11, and some changes to the list of reference

Spin density matrix elements in exclusive ρ0\mathrm{\rho^0} electroproduction on 1H\mathrm{^1H} and 2H\mathrm{^2H} targets at 27.5 GeV beam energy

Spin Density Matrix Elements (SDMEs) describing the angular distribution of exclusive rho^0 electroproduction and decay are determined in the HERMES experiment with 27.6 GeV beam energy and unpolarized hydrogen and deuterium targets. Eight (fifteen) SDMEs that are related (unrelated) to the longitudinal polarization of the beam are extracted in the kinematic region 1 GeV^2 < Q^2 < 7 GeV^2, 3.0 GeV < W < 6.3 GeV, and -t < 0.4 GeV^2. Within the given experimental uncertainties, a hierarchy of relative sizes of helicity amplitudes is observed. Kinematic dependences of all SDMEs on Q^2 and t are presented, as well as the longitudinal-to-transverse rho^0 electroproduction cross section ratio as a function of Q^2. A small but statistically significant deviation from the hypothesis of s-channel helicity conservation is observed. An indication is seen of a contribution of unnatural-parity-exchange amplitudes; these amplitudes are naturally generated with a quark-exchange mechanism.Comment: 41 pages, 20 figures, 16 table; revised version corrects small typos, text clarified on 6 pages, two references added and new data added to figure 2