Direct determination of trace elements in powdered samples by in-cell isotope dilution femtosecond laser ablation ICPMS

A method has been developed for the direct and simultaneous multielement determination of Cu, Zn, Sn, and Pb in soil and sediment samples using femtosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (fs-LA-ICPMS) in combination with isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS). The in-cell isotope dilution fs-LA-ICPMS method proposed in this work was based on the quasi-simultaneous ablation of the natural abundance sample and the isotopically enriched solid spike, which was performed using a high repetition rate laser and a fast scanning beam device in a combined manner. Both the sample preparation procedure and the total analysis time have been drastically reduced, in comparison with previous approaches, since a unique multielement isotopically enriched solid spike was employed to analyze different powdered samples. Numerous experimental parameters were carefully selected (e.g., carrier gas flow rate, inlet diameter of the ablation cell, sample translation speed, scanner speed, etc.) in order to ensure the complete mixing between the sample and the solid spike aerosols. The proposed in-cell fs-LA-ICP-IDMS method was tested for the analysis of two soil (CRM 142R, GBW-07405) and two sediment (PACS-2, IAEA-405) reference materials, and the analysis of Cu, Zn, Sn, and Pb yielded good agreement of usually not more than 10% deviation from the certified values and precisions of less than 15% relative standard deviation. Furthermore, the concentrations were in agreement not only with the certified values but also with those obtained by ICP-IDMS after the microwave-assisted digestion of the solid samples, demonstrating therefore that in-cell fs-LA-ICP-IDMS opens the possibility for accurate and precise determinations of trace elements in powdered samples reducing the total sample preparation time to less than 5 min. Additionally, scanning electron microscope measurements showed that the aerosol generated by in-cell fs-LA-ICP-IDMS predominantly consisted of linear agglomerates of small particles (in the order of few tens of nanometers) and a few large spherical particles with diameters below 225 nm

Ranulas: treatment to prevent recurrence – narrative review

A ranula is a pseudocyst caused by mucous extravasation of the sublingual gland or other minor salivary gland in the floor of the mouth. Ranula can be congenital, usually the result of abnormal drainage from the sublingual gland or acquired from oral trauma. Ranula are classified as intraoral if they are confined to the floor of the mouth, presenting as a painless swelling of the oral floor of the mouth. Conversely, a plunging ranula refers to a pseudocyst that extends through the mylohyoid muscle, presenting as a fluctuant swelling of the upper neck. The main complication of ranula is recurrence which typically occurs in the floor of the mouth. A plunging ranula is responsible for cervical swelling after herniation of the pseudocyst through the mylohyoid muscle. The optimal treatment of ranulas, simple as well as plunging, remains controversial. Various treatment modalities are available, ranging from conservative surgical techniques to more radical treatments just as varied. The best treatment to avoid recurrence is removal sublingual gland for oral and plunging ranula. Micromarsupialisation for oral ranula and sclerotherapy with OK-432 for plunging ranula allows less invasive procedure.Uma rânula é um pseudocisto causado por extravasamento de muco da glândula sublingual ou outra glândula salivar menor no assoalho da boca. Rânula pode ser congênita, geralmente resultado de drenagem anormal da glândula sublingual ou adquirida por trauma oral. As rânulas são classificadas como intraorais se estiverem confinadas ao assoalho da boca, apresentando-se como um edema indolor do assoalho da boca. Por outro lado, uma rádula em mergulho se refere a um pseudocisto que se estende pela musculatura milo-hióidea, apresentando-se como um inchaço flutuante na parte superior do pescoço. A principal complicação da rânula é a recorrência, que geralmente ocorre no assoalho da boca. Uma rânula em mergulho é responsável pelo edema cervical após a herniação do pseudocisto através do músculo milo-hióideo. O tratamento ideal para rânulas, tanto simples quanto penetrantes, permanece controverso. Várias modalidades de tratamento estão disponíveis, variando de técnicas cirúrgicas conservadoras para tratamentos mais radicais muito variados. O melhor tratamento para evitar a recorrência é a remoção da glândula sublingual para rânula oral e de mergulho. Micromarsupialização para rânula oral e escleroterapia com OK-432 para rânula em mergulho permite procedimentos menos invasivos

Etude de l'interaction laser-matière appliquée à la décontamination de peintures

In nuclear industry, the paint layer on the walls must be removed during dismantling or maintenance operation. Laser ablation of the paint layer allows to reduce the generated waste volume, compared to the current techniques. Paints consist of a polymeric base in which fillers and pigments are included. The energy deposition of the laser beam in this turbid medium is studied using a multiple scattering model, and measurements of reflection / transmission of beam through thin layers. The paint ablation is studied with several Nd : YAG lasers and a TEA-CO2 laser, allowing to modify the fluence, the wavelength, the pulse duration, the repetition rate and the number of shots. Experimental set up were carried out, and the parametric tests allow to define the optimal ablation parameters, in term of ablation efficiency. Ablation at high repetition rate is studied using an optical pyrometer and a specifically developed thermal model. Measurements and modeling highlight the heat accumulation that appears at high repetition rate. This accumulation allows to reduce the ablation threshold fluence and to increase the ablation efficiency. Analyses of the interaction and ablation regimes are proposed on the basis of the experimental results and models, and allow to optimise the decontamination process.Dans l'industrie nucléaire, les peintures murales doivent être décontaminées à la fin de vie des installations ou lors d'opération de maintenance. L'ablation par laser de la peinture permet de réduire considérablement le volume de déchets engendrés lors de l'opération, par rapport aux techniques actuelles. Les peintures sont constituées d'une base polymérique dans laquelle des charges et des pigments sont inclus. Le dépôt d'énergie du faisceau laser dans ce milieu diffusant est étudié à l'aide d'un modèle de diffusion multiple, et de mesures de réflexion / transmission de faisceau à travers des couches minces.L'ablation des peintures est analysée avec plusieurs lasers Nd : YAG et un laser TEA-CO2, permettant de faire varier la fluence, la longueur d'onde, la durée de l'impulsion, la cadence de tir et le nombre de tirs appliqué. Des bancs optiques ont été réalisés, et des tests paramétriques permettent de définir les paramètres optimaux de l'ablation, en terme d'efficacité de l'ablation.L'ablation à haute cadence de tir est étudiée à l'aide d'un pyromètre optique et d'un modèle thermique spécifiquement développé. Les mesures et la modélisation permettent de mettre en évidence l'accumulation de chaleur qui apparaît lors de l'utilisation de laser à haute cadence. Cette accumulation permet de réduire les fluences seuils d'ablation et d'augmenter les efficacités d'ablation. Une analyse de l'interaction et des régimes d'ablation est proposée sur la base des résultats expérimentaux et des modèles, et permet l'optimisation du procédé de décontamination

Helminthoses internes des carnivores domestiques (réalisation d'un document au format HTLM)

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Organic and inorganic materials analysis by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

International audienc

Evaluation du statut immunitaire de la truie par dosage des immunoglobulines G sériques

La prise immunitaire de la truie constitue une première étape essentielle dans la synthèse du colostrum et la protection passive du porcelet. Une étude menée dans neuf élevages, a permis une évaluation du statut immunitaire de truies gestantes, de différents rangs de portée. Ce statut a été estimé par le dosage des immunoglobulines G sur 259 truies, prélevées en fin de gestation, à l'aide d'une méthode non spécifique, l'immunodiffusion radiale sur plaques. Dix paramètres d'études ont été choisis : la présence de diarrhées néonatales, la quarantaine (sous deux aspects), la vaccination, la génétique, le mode de renouvellement des élevages, leur taille ainsi que le rapport lysine sur thréonine et le nombre de porcelets sevrés par truie productive et par an. L'analyse statistique fait ressortir un effet parité important avec des taux d'immunoglobulines G supérieurs sur les truies multipares et un effet taille de l'élevage positif au-delà de 300 truies.NANTES-Ecole Nat.Vétérinaire (441092302) / SudocSudocFranceF

Leishmanioses cutanées de l'enfant (à propos de huit observations)

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Le côlon irritable chez l'enfant (à propos d'une série vue en consultation hospitalière)

ROUEN-BU Médecine-Pharmacie (765402102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF