10,392 research outputs found
Extracción de aceite, carotenos y tococromanoles del fruto de palma aceitera (Elaeis guineensis) con propano subcrítico
This work aims to screen the extraction of oil and bioactive compounds including carotenes and tocochromanols from oil palm fruit with subcritical propane and without using a cosolvent. The overall extraction curves of palm oil with subcritical propane were studied and compared to those extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide. Carotenes and tocochromanols were evaluated not only in the extracted oil, but also in the oil of residual fiber in order to calculate the efficiency to recover these valuable compounds. The experimental results showed that oil yield of up to 70 % could be obtained within 120 minutes with subcritical propane at 50 bar and a flow rate of 35 kg·h−1·kg−1. It was also shown that compressed propane is an excellent solvent for the extraction of oil enriched in carotenes and tocochromanols. Subcritical propane extraction can be used as an alternative process for the simultaneous recovery of these valuable minor components from palm fruit.Este trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar la extracción de aceite y compuestos bioactivos, incluidos los carotenos y tococromanoles, del fruto de la palma aceitera mediante propano subcrítico sin usar codisolventes. Se estudiaron las curvas generales de extracción de aceite de palma con propano subcrítico y se compararon con las extraídas con dióxido de carbono supercrítico. Se evaluaron carotenos y tococromanoles no solo en el aceite extraído, sino también en el aceite de fibra residual para calcular la eficiencia de recuperación de estos valiosos compuestos. Los resultados experimentales mostraron que se podía obtener un rendimiento de aceite de hasta el 70 % en 120 minutos con propano subcrítico a 50 bares y un caudal de 35 kg·h−1·kg−1. También se demostró que el propano comprimido es un excelente solvente para la extracción de aceite enriquecido en carotenos y tococromanoles. La extracción con propano subcrítico se puede utilizar como un proceso alternativo para la recuperación simultánea de estos valiosos componentes menores del fruto de la palma
Momentum-space electronic structures and charge orders of high-temperature superconductors Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2 and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta
We study the electronic structure of Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2 and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d
samples in a wide range of doping, using angle-resolved photoemission
spectroscopy, with emphasis on on the Fermi surface (FS) in the near anti-nodal
region. The "nesting wave vector", i.e., the wave vector that connects two
nearly flat pieces of the Fermi surface in the anti-nodal region, reveals a
universal monotonic decrease in magnitude as a function of doping. Comparing
our results to the charge order recently observed by scanning tunneling
spectroscopy (STS), we conclude that the FS nesting and the charge order
pattern seen in STS do not have a direct relationship. Therefore,the charge
order likely arises due to strong correlation physics rather than FS nesting
physics.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
The renin—angiotensin system in refractory heart failure: clinical, hemodynamic and hormonal effects of captopril and enalapril
Studies using a competitive inhibitor of angiotensin II (saralasin) or converting enzyme inhibitors (teprotide, captopril, enalapril) have established that the renin-angiotensin system participates in the control of vascular tone in congestive heart failure both in experimental settings and in patients. In man, the marked decrease in left ventricular filling pressure and the variable increase in stroke volume induced by renin-angiotensin blockade suggests that angiotensin II actively constricts venous as well as arteriolar vascular beds. Captopril, in doses of 25 to 150 mg p.o. TID, maintains its efficacy during chronic administration with persistent clinical and hemodynamic improvement as well as increased exercise tolerance. In our experience, enalapril, 10 mg p.o., improves cardiac function within 4 to 6 h as reflected by a 30% decrease in left ventricular filling pressure, a 28% increase in stroke volume in the face of unchanged heart rate. Clinical improvement, enhanced exercise tolerance and characteristic hormonal responses suggest that enalapril also maintains its efficacy during long-term treatment. Chronic angiotensin II converting enzyme inhibition appears to be a major advance in the treatment of patients with severe congestive heart failure, refractory to digitalis and diuretic
The black hole fundamental plane from a uniform sample of radio and X-ray emitting broad line AGNs
We derived the black hole fundamental plane relationship among the 1.4GHz
radio luminosity (L_r), 0.1-2.4keV X-ray luminosity (L_X), and black hole mass
(M) from a uniform broad line SDSS AGN sample including both radio loud and
radio quiet X-ray emitting sources. We found in our sample that the fundamental
plane relation has a very weak dependence on the black hole mass, and a tight
correlation also exists between the Eddington luminosity scaled X-ray and radio
luminosities for the radio quiet subsample. Additionally, we noticed that the
radio quiet and radio loud AGNs have different power-law slopes in the
radio--X-ray non-linear relationship. The radio loud sample displays a slope of
1.39, which seems consistent with the jet dominated X-ray model. However, it
may also be partly due to the relativistic beaming effect. For radio quiet
sample the slope of the radio--X-ray relationship is about 0.85, which is
possibly consistent with the theoretical prediction from the accretion flow
dominated X-ray model. We briefly discuss the reason why our derived
relationship is different from some previous works and expect the future
spectral studies in radio and X-ray bands on individual sources in our sample
to confirm our result.Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures, ApJ accepte
Triangle-generation in topological D-brane categories
Tachyon condensation in topological Landau-Ginzburg models can generally be
studied using methods of commutative algebra and properties of triangulated
categories. The efficiency of this approach is demonstrated by explicitly
proving that every D-brane system in all minimal models of type ADE can be
generated from only one or two fundamental branes.Comment: 34 page
Permutation Orientifolds of Gepner Models
In tensor products of a left-right symmetric CFT, one can define permutation
orientifolds by combining orientation reversal with involutive permutation
symmetries. We construct the corresponding crosscap states in general rational
CFTs and their orbifolds, and study in detail those in products of affine
U(1)_2 models or N=2 minimal models. The results are used to construct
permutation orientifolds of Gepner models. We list the permutation orientifolds
in a few simple Gepner models, and study some of their physical properties -
supersymmetry, tension and RR charges. We also study the action of
corresponding parity on D-branes, and determine the gauge group on a stack of
parity-invariant D-branes. Tadpole cancellation condition and some of its
solutions are also presented.Comment: 2+67 pages, no figures. v3: references added, version to appear in
JHE
Opening Mirror Symmetry on the Quintic
Aided by mirror symmetry, we determine the number of holomorphic disks ending
on the real Lagrangian in the quintic threefold. The tension of the domainwall
between the two vacua on the brane, which is the generating function for the
open Gromov-Witten invariants, satisfies a certain extension of the
Picard-Fuchs differential equation governing periods of the mirror quintic. We
verify consistency of the monodromies under analytic continuation of the
superpotential over the entire moduli space. We reproduce the first few
instanton numbers by a localization computation directly in the A-model, and
check Ooguri-Vafa integrality. This is the first exact result on open string
mirror symmetry for a compact Calabi-Yau manifold.Comment: 26 pages. v2: minor corrections and improvement
Chandra survey in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Field. I. X-ray data, point-like source catalog, sensitivity maps, and number counts
We present data products from the 300 ks Chandra survey in the AKARI North
Ecliptic Pole (NEP) deep field. This field has a unique set of 9-band infrared
photometry covering 2-24 micron from the AKARI Infrared Camera, including
mid-infrared (MIR) bands not covered by Spitzer. The survey is one of the
deepest ever achieved at ~15 micron, and is by far the widest among those with
similar depths in the MIR. This makes this field unique for the MIR-selection
of AGN at z~1. We design a source detection procedure, which performs joint
Maximum Likelihood PSF fits on all of our 15 mosaicked Chandra pointings
covering an area of 0.34 square degree. The procedure has been highly optimized
and tested by simulations. We provide a point source catalog with photometry
and Bayesian-based 90 per cent confidence upper limits in the 0.5-7, 0.5-2,
2-7, 2-4, and 4-7 keV bands. The catalog contains 457 X-ray sources and the
spurious fraction is estimated to be ~1.7 per cent. Sensitivity and 90 per cent
confidence upper flux limits maps in all bands are provided as well. We search
for optical MIR counterparts in the central 0.25 square degree, where deep
Subaru Suprime-Cam multiband images exist. Among the 377 X-ray sources detected
there, ~80 per cent have optical counterparts and ~60 per cent also have AKARI
mid-IR counterparts. We cross-match our X-ray sources with MIR-selected AGN
from Hanami et al. (2012). Around 30 per cent of all AGN that have MID-IR SEDs
purely explainable by AGN activity are strong Compton-thick AGN candidates.Comment: 23 pages, 20 figures; catalogs, sensitivity maps, and upper limit
flux maps are available from the VizieR Servic
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