A Case of Unerupted Lower Primary Second Molar Associated with Compound Odontoma

Odontoma is the most common type of benign odontogenic tumor, and often causes disturbances in the eruption of its associated tooth. Odontomas usually occur in the permanent dentition, and rarely occur solely in the primary dentition. This case report documents a six-year-old-child with a compound odontoma located in the mandible, which caused the impaction of the primary second molar

Total HCV core antigen assay: a new marker of hepatitis C viremia for monitoring the progress of therapy

The ability of the total hepatitis C virus (HCV) core antigen assay was evaluated for monitoring the therapeutic responses of HCV-infected patients treated with interferon. The ability to detect and quantitate an independent structural protein component of HCV, in the presence of circulating antibodies, makes this assay a valuable new tool in diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Measurement of total core antigen showed a strong dynamic correlation with HCV RNA data and may serve as an alternative direct marker of viral infection. In addition, with the advent of additional treatment protocols, a rapid, reliable assay for changes in HCV load may permit more frequent patient assessment and tailoring of the therapeutic regimen

Má oclusão Classe III de Angle, subdivisão direita, tratada sem exodontias e com controle de crescimento Angle Class III malocclusion, subdivision right, treated without extractions and with growth control

A Classe III de Angle é uma má oclusão caracterizada por discrepâncias anteroposteriores dentárias e faciais, normalmente acompanhadas por alterações esqueléticas, com componente genético associado. O diagnóstico precoce e correto e o tratamento adequado são de suma importância para promover o controle do crescimento e evitar recidivas. Este artigo relata o tratamento, executado em duas fases, de uma paciente do sexo feminino de 12 anos de idade, apresentando uma má oclusão de Classe III de Angle, subdivisão direita, com mordida cruzada anterior em máxima intercuspidação habitual (MIH) e topo em relação cêntrica (RC), apresentando, ainda, falta de espaço na maxila, que foi tratada sem exodontias e com controle de crescimento. Esse caso foi apresentado à Diretoria do Board Brasileiro de Ortodontia e Ortopedia Facial (BBO), representando a categoria 1, ou seja, uma má oclusão Classe III de Angle, tratada sem exodontias e com controle de crescimento, como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do título de Diplomado pelo BBO<br>Angle Class III malocclusion is characterized by anteroposterior dental and facial discrepancies usually accompanied by skeletal changes associated with a genetic component. Early, accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment are of paramount importance to promote growth control and prevent relapse. This article reports the two-phase treatment of a female patient, aged 12 years, with an Angle Class III, subdivision right malocclusion with anterior crossbite in maximum intercuspation (MIC) and end-on bite in centric relation, further presenting with lack of maxillary space. The case was treated without extractions and with growth control. This case was presented to the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics and Facial Orthopedics (BBO) as representative of Category 1, i.e., Angle Class III malocclusion treated without tooth extractions, as part of the requirements for obtaining the BBO Diplom

Ensino de enfermagem em Lajeado, RS: resgate histórico Enseñanza de enfermería en Lajeado, RS: rescate historico Nursing teaching in Lajeado, RS: a historical recover

Pesquisa qualitativa histórica, cujo objetivo foi resgatar a trajetória do ensino de Enfermagem no município de Lajeado, a partir da segunda metade do século passado. Utilizou-se como dados primários História Oral e como secundários, documentos, que foram analisados conforme a Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Os sujeitos foram alunos, professores e coordenadores de cursos de enfermagem. A profissionalização da enfermagem, na forma de cursos formais e informais, se intensificou nos últimos 50 anos, atendendo ao modelo político-econômico vigente. Os trabalhadores eram precariamente preparados e desenvolviam funções subalternas aos demais profissionais da saúde, ou seja, buscavam responder aos interesses dos médicos e dirigentes institucionais. Porém, a iniciativa de escolas e a atuação de diversos profissionais têm modificando esta realidade na região.<br>Investigación cualitativa histórica, cuyo objetivo ha sido rescatar la trayectoria de la enseñanza de Enfermería en el municipio de Lajeado, desde la segunda mitad del siglo pasado. Como datos primarios se ha utilizado la Historia Oral y como secundarios los documentos, éstos analisados de acuerdo con el Análisis del Contenido de Cardin. Los sujetos fueron alumnos, profesores, y coordinadores de los cursos de Enfermería. El profesionalismo de Enfermería ha sido intenso en los últimos 50 años, a causa del modelo político-económico, y fue hecho con cursos formales e informales. Los trabajadores eran escasamente preparados, desarrollaban funciones subalternas para los otros profesionales de salud y buscaban responder a los intereses de médicos y dirigentes institucionales. Pero, la iniciativa de escuelas y la actuación de distintos profesionales ha cambiado esta realidad en la región.<br>Historical qualitative research whose aim has been to recover nursing teaching path in the Brazilian town of Lajeado/RS, from the second half of the twentieth century. Oral history has been used as primary data, and the second ones have been documents that have been analysed according to Bardin's Content Analysis. The subjects were heads, teachers and students of nursing courses. In the past 50 years, the professionalization of nursing was intensive, serving to the current political and economic model, in the form of formal and informal courses. Workers would be ill prepared, subservient to other health professionals and would try to work for doctors and institutional directors. However, school initiative and professionals working in various areas began to change this reality in the region

Statements from the Taormina expert meeting on occult hepatitis B virus infection.

Occult HBV infection is a complex biological entity with possible relevant clinical implications. There are discordant data sets on several aspects of OBI, mainly reflecting the lack of methodological uniformity among the different studies, and varied technical approaches employed for the diagnosis of OBI. The goal of the Taormina meeting was to review the present knowledge on occult HBV and to identify the most appropriate ways that should be followed in future studies. Hopefully, these statements may represent the basis for uniform methodological approaches that will be essential for resolving the current controversies that still exist with regard to this virologically important and clinically relevant topic

The Marine Isotopic Stage 3 (MIS 3) in Valleys of the Undulated Pampa, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

A depositional unit called DU2 identified for the period MIS 3 (ca- 30,000-60,000 yr. B.P.) formed by only one sedimentary facies (F3) was found in the Luján and Salto-Arrecifes rivers basins. F3 is a fluvio?lacustrine unit that overlies in erosive unconformity over eolian sediments with ages of 56,400 ± 6,500 and 50,400 ± 10,200 years B.A. and is unconformably covered by another eolian vitroclastic sandy loess deposit, dated as 32,000 ±4,000 years (Infrared Stimulated Luminescence, IRSL) (Blasi, et al. 2010). It represents the recurrence of ephemeral fluvial streamlets and the development of temporary pools by subsequent damming of channels. It corresponds lithologically to sandy muddy gravel, gravelly muddy sand, gravelly mud, olive to pale olive feldspar and quartz sands, bearing extinct mollusks such as Heleobia ameghini and Diplodon lujanensis. Radiocarbon chronologies obtained on monospecific samples of Cyprideis salebrosa hartmanni and Heleobia ameghini yielded ages of 37,710 ± 840 years 14C B.P. and >40,000 years 14C B.P., respectively. Furthermore, the age obtained through the IRSL technique was of 44,000 ± 6,500 years. Based upon the analyzed bioproxies (malacological, phytoliths and diatomological content) F3 accumulated under variable climatic conditions, ranging from temperate to colder and from subhumid to drier. According to the exhaustive stratigraphic identification, it is proposed that in NE Buenos Aires Province, the so-called Undulated Pampa region, the sediments that were accumulated during MIS3 occur only in the central portion of the studied fluvial basins. This prompted two hypotheses related to the existence of a particular drainage pattern for the Late Pleistocene, different from the present one, and subsequent tectonic controls that allowed the identification of DU2 sediments only in some of the analyzed sections.Fil: Blasi, Adriana María. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Mineralogía y Petrología; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Castiñeira Latorre, Carola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Mineralogía y Petrología; ArgentinaFil: Cusminsky, Gabriela Catalina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Carignano, Ana Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleozoología Invertebrados; Argentin