The Bristol Hearth Tax 1662-1673

This is the proof version. The final version is available from Bristol Record Society via the link in this record Archived with permission of the Bristol Record SocietyBristol Record Society's publications vol. 7

Selectivity of linopirdine (DuP 996), a neurotransmitter release enhancer, in blocking voltage-dependent and calcium-activated potassium currents in hippocampal neurons.

ABSTRACT Linopirdine [DuP 996, 3,-1-phenylindolin-2-one], a putative cognition enhancing drug, increases acetylcholine release in rat brain tissue and improves performance in animal models of learning and memory. The mechanism whereby linopirdine enhances acetylcholine release has been proposed to involve inhibition of the M-type K ϩ current (I M ). Our study examines the selectivity of linopirdine for I M by determining its effects on other ionic currents present in rat hippocampal CA 1 neurons using patch clamp techniques. Linopirdine was found to block voltage-gated, calcium-activated and leak K ϩ currents in a dose-dependent manner. Of the seven currents measured, linopirdine was most selective for I M with an IC 50 of 2.4 Ϯ 0.4 M, followed by I C (measured as a medium afterhyperpolarization tail current, I mAHP ) with an IC 50 of 16.3 Ϯ 2.

Longitudinal characterisation of cachexia in patients undergoing surgical resection for cancer

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The complexity of the cancer cachexia phenotype has undoubtedly hindered researchers' understanding of this devastating syndrome. The presence and magnitude of host-tumour interactions are rarely considered during clinical decision-making within the current staging paradigm. Furthermore, treatment options for those patients who are identified as suffering from cancer cachexia remain extremely limited.RECENT FINDINGS: Previous attempts to characterise cachexia have largely focussed on individual surrogate disease markers, often studied across a limited timeframe. While the adverse prognostic value of clinical and biochemical features is evident, the relationships between these are less clear. Investigation of patients with earlier-stage disease could allow researchers to identify markers of cachexia that precede the refractory stage of the wasting process. Appreciation of the cachectic phenotype within 'curative' populations may aid our understanding of the syndrome's genesis and provide potential routes for prevention, rather than treatment.SUMMARY: Holistic, longitudinal characterisation of cancer cachexia, across all at-risk and affected populations, is of vital importance for future research in the field. This paper presents the protocol for an observational study aiming to create a robust and holistic characterisation of surgical patients with, or at risk of, cancer cachexia.</p

Povezanost između snage trupa i pokazatelja sportske uspješnosti

Development of core muscle strength and power to improve sport performance has been a controversial issue yielding mixed results. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between two core field tests emphasizing power and measures of sport performance. Participants were twenty healthy, recreationally active males (age 23.40±1.88 yrs, height 174.63±5.81 cm, mass 76.08±7.67 kg). Participants were tested on four performance variables (40-yd sprint, shuttle run [5-10-5], vertical jump, and 1RM back squat) and two core field tests (front abdominal power throw [FAPT] and side abdominal power throw [SAPT]). Results demonstrated significant moderate correlations between the FAPT and 1RM back squat (r=.652) and relative back squat (r=.509). No other significant correlations were found. Results indicate that although the FAPT and SAPT tests are easy to perform in the field, most, but not all, performance measures were unrelated to core power. In order to properly assess the core and its role in human performance, it is necessary to evaluate sport-specific muscle actions and movements.Razvijanje mišićne jakosti i snage trupa kako bi se unaprijedila sportska izvedba i uspješnost jest kontroverzan znanstveni i stručni problem istraživanje kojega daje miješane rezultate. Cilj je ovoga istraživanja bilo utvrđivanje povezanosti između dva terenska testa za procjenu snage trupa i pokazatelja sportske uspješnosti. Uzorak ispitanika činilo je 20 zdravih, rekreativno aktivnih muškaraca (dob 23,40±1,88 godina, tjelesna visina 174,63±5,81 cm, tjelesna masa 76,08±7,67 kg). Sportska uspješnost ispitanika procijenjena je četirima testovima (sprint na 40 jarda, shuttle run: 5-10-5 jarda, vertikalni skok i maksimalni stražnji čučanj), a snaga njihova trupa (core) procijenjena je dvama terenskim testovima (eksplozivno bacanje medicinke prema naprijed – FAPT, i eksplozivno bacanje medicinke strance – SAPT). Rezultati analiza su pokazali značajne umjerene korelacije između FAPT i maksimalnoga stražnjega čučnja (r=,652) i relativnoga stražnjega čučnja (r=,509). Nisu utvrđene značajne korelacije između ostalih testova. Rezultati pokazuju da, iako je terenske testove FAPT i SAPT vrlo lako provoditi, većina, ali ne i sve varijable koje procjenjuju sportsku uspješnost nisu u korelaciji sa snagom trupa procijenjenom navedenim testovima. Da bi se adekvatno procijenila snaga trupa i njena uloga u sportskoj izvedbi i uspješnosti, potrebno je vrednovati sportu svojstvene mišićne akcije i kretnje

Povezanost između snage trupa i pokazatelja sportske uspješnosti

Development of core muscle strength and power to improve sport performance has been a controversial issue yielding mixed results. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between two core field tests emphasizing power and measures of sport performance. Participants were twenty healthy, recreationally active males (age 23.40±1.88 yrs, height 174.63±5.81 cm, mass 76.08±7.67 kg). Participants were tested on four performance variables (40-yd sprint, shuttle run [5-10-5], vertical jump, and 1RM back squat) and two core field tests (front abdominal power throw [FAPT] and side abdominal power throw [SAPT]). Results demonstrated significant moderate correlations between the FAPT and 1RM back squat (r=.652) and relative back squat (r=.509). No other significant correlations were found. Results indicate that although the FAPT and SAPT tests are easy to perform in the field, most, but not all, performance measures were unrelated to core power. In order to properly assess the core and its role in human performance, it is necessary to evaluate sport-specific muscle actions and movements.Razvijanje mišićne jakosti i snage trupa kako bi se unaprijedila sportska izvedba i uspješnost jest kontroverzan znanstveni i stručni problem istraživanje kojega daje miješane rezultate. Cilj je ovoga istraživanja bilo utvrđivanje povezanosti između dva terenska testa za procjenu snage trupa i pokazatelja sportske uspješnosti. Uzorak ispitanika činilo je 20 zdravih, rekreativno aktivnih muškaraca (dob 23,40±1,88 godina, tjelesna visina 174,63±5,81 cm, tjelesna masa 76,08±7,67 kg). Sportska uspješnost ispitanika procijenjena je četirima testovima (sprint na 40 jarda, shuttle run: 5-10-5 jarda, vertikalni skok i maksimalni stražnji čučanj), a snaga njihova trupa (core) procijenjena je dvama terenskim testovima (eksplozivno bacanje medicinke prema naprijed – FAPT, i eksplozivno bacanje medicinke strance – SAPT). Rezultati analiza su pokazali značajne umjerene korelacije između FAPT i maksimalnoga stražnjega čučnja (r=,652) i relativnoga stražnjega čučnja (r=,509). Nisu utvrđene značajne korelacije između ostalih testova. Rezultati pokazuju da, iako je terenske testove FAPT i SAPT vrlo lako provoditi, većina, ali ne i sve varijable koje procjenjuju sportsku uspješnost nisu u korelaciji sa snagom trupa procijenjenom navedenim testovima. Da bi se adekvatno procijenila snaga trupa i njena uloga u sportskoj izvedbi i uspješnosti, potrebno je vrednovati sportu svojstvene mišićne akcije i kretnje

Radiative force from optical cycling on a diatomic molecule

We demonstrate a scheme for optical cycling in the polar, diatomic molecule strontium monofluoride (SrF) using the X ^2\Sigma^+\toA^2\Pi_{1/2} electronic transition. SrF's highly diagonal Franck-Condon factors suppress vibrational branching. We eliminate rotational branching by employing a quasi-cycling $N=1\to N^\prime=0$ type transition in conjunction with magnetic field remixing of dark Zeeman sublevels. We observe cycling fluorescence and deflection through radiative force of an SrF molecular beam using this scheme. With straightforward improvements our scheme promises to allow more than $10^5$ photon scatters, possibly enabling the direct laser cooling of SrF

The Mechanism of Flexible Controlling as an Innovative Method in Management of Corporate Structures

У статті представлений принцип дії механізму гнучкого контролінгу як інноваційного методу управління корпоративними структурами. Розглянуто принципи застосування даного методу як інструменту ефективного управління корпоративними структурами, що дозволяють забезпечити різноманітність і гнучкість процесів управління для досягнення поставлених цілей. Розглянуто особливості контролінгу в управлінні корпоративними структурами в умовах нестабільного економічного середовища. Подано концепцію механізму контролінгу в управлінні корпоративними структурами, яка дозволяє забезпечити необхідну різноманітність процесів управління для досягнення динамічного комплексу цілей. Розглянуто особливості функціонування корпоративних структур у нестабільному ринковому оточенні. На прикладі механізму гнучкого контролінгу як способу адаптації до реалій сформованої нестабільності в економіці України представлена його здатність оперативно і тонко спрямовувати управління корпоративними структурами для прийняття правильних рішень та погодження роботи всіх підсистем підприємства.В статье представлен принцип действия механизма гибкого контроллинга как инновационного метода управления корпоративными структурами. Рассмотрены принципы применения данного метода как инструмента эффективного управления корпоративными структурами, позволяющие обеспечить разнообразие и гибкость процессов управления для достижения поставленных целей. Рассмотрены особенности контроллинга в управлении корпоративными структурами в условиях нестабильной экономической среды. Представлена концепция механизма контроллинга в управлении корпоративными структурами, которая позволяет обеспечить необходимое разнообразие процессов управления для достижения динамического комплекса целей. Рассмотрены особенности функционирования корпоративных структур в нестабильном рыночном окружении. На примере механизма гибкого контроллинга как способа адаптации к реалиям сложившейся нестабильности в экономике Украины представлена его способность оперативно и тонко направлять управление корпоративными структурами для принятия правильных решений и согласования работы всех подсистем предприятия.This article presents the principle of the mechanism controlling the flexible as an innovative method of managing corporate structures. The principles of this method as a tool for the effective management of corporate structures, allowing for variety and flexibility of management processes to achieve their goals. Features of controlling in management of corporate structures in the conditions of the unstable economic environment are considered. The concept of the mechanism of controlling in management of corporate structures which allows to provide a necessary variety of management processes for achievement of a dynamic complex of the purposes is presented. Features of functioning of corporate structures in an unstable market environment are considered. On the example of controlling a flexible mechanism as a way of adapting to the realities of the current instability in the economy of Ukraine, represented by its ability to quickly and subtly direct the management of the corporate structure to make the right decisions and coordination of all sub-systems of the enterprise