Detectors for leptonic CP violation at the neutrino factory

Studies carried out in the framework of the International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (the IDS-NF) show that the sensitivity to the CP violating phase and the last unknown mixing angle θ13 is maximised when two far detectors optimized to detect the sub-leading νe to νμ oscillation are combined. Several technologies are being discussed for these detectors: magnetised iron calorimeters; giant liquid argon TPCs; and totally active scintillating detectors. The IDS-NF baseline option, a compromise between feasibility, cost, and performance, is documented in the Interim Design Report (IDR) that has recently been completed. It consists of two magnetised iron sampling calorimeters, similar to the existing MINOS detector, but with 10-20 times more mass and improved performance. A detector of mass 100 kton is assumed at the intermediate baseline (between 2500 km and 5000 km) and a 50 kton detector at the long baseline (between 7000 km and 8000 km). The other far-detector options, which have better granularity, may be able to detect additional oscillation channels, thus improving the overall performance of the facility. However, these options are likely to be more expensive and require significant R&D

Toroidal magnetized iron neutrino detector for a neutrino factory

A neutrino factory has unparalleled physics reach for the discovery and measurement of CP violation in the neutrino sector. A far detector for a neutrino factory must have good charge identification with excellent background rejection and a large mass. An elegant solution is to construct a magnetized iron neutrino detector (MIND) along the lines of MINOS, where iron plates provide a toroidal magnetic field and scintillator planes provide 3D space points. In this paper, the current status of a simulation of a toroidal MIND for a neutrino factory is discussed in light of the recent measurements of large θ13. The response and performance using the 10 GeV neutrino factory configuration are presented. It is shown that this setup has equivalent δCP reach to a MIND with a dipole field and is sensitive to the discovery of CP violation over 85% of the values of δCP

Proposal for SPS beam time for the baby MIND and TASD neutrino detector prototypes

The design, construction and testing of neutrino detector prototypes at CERN are ongoing activities. This document reports on the design of solid state baby MIND and TASD detector prototypes and outlines requirements for a test beam at CERN to test these, tentatively planned on the H8 beamline in the North Area, which is equipped with a large aperture magnet. The current proposal is submitted to be considered in light of the recently approved projects related to neutrino activities with the SPS in the North Area in the medium term 2015-2020

A real-space, rela-time method for the dielectric function

We present an algorithm to calculate the linear response of periodic systems in the time-dependent density functional thoery, using a real-space representation of the electron wave functions and calculating the dynamics in real time. The real-space formulation increases the efficiency for calculating the interaction, and the real-time treatment decreases storage requirements and the allows the entire frequency-dependent response to be calculated at once. We give as examples the dielectric functions of a simple metal, lithium, and an elemental insulator, diamond.Comment: 17 pages, Latex, 5 figure

PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE AND BODY COMPOSITION IN MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS (MHD) PATIENTS

BackgroundMHD patients (pts) often display protein-energy wasting, sarcopenia & diminished physical performance. This study was undertaken to assess the relationship between body composition & physical performance in MHD pts.MethodsBody composition, assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and body mass index (BMI), were compared to 3 measures of physical performance: 6-minute walking distance (6-MW), sit-to-stand testing and stair climb. 52 clinically stable MHD pts (≥6 mo) and 21 matched normal controls were examined in this ongoing study.ResultsPts were 53±13SD yrs, 33% female; 38% diabetic; dialysis vintage was 62±52 months. Normals were 52 years and 43% female. MHD pts had higher % body fat than Normals. 6-MW and sit to stand cycles were much lower in MHD men and women than in Normal men and women. 6MW in MHD and Normals were 445 vs 630 meters, respectively (p<.001). In men but not women, time to climb 22 stairs was greater in MHD pts then in Normals (p=.03). Unadjusted analyses in MHD indicated that 6-MW distance correlated negatively with lean body mass index (LBMI, kg of LBM/m2; r=-0.37; p<0.01) and % body fat (r=-0.33; p= 0.02); stair climb time correlated negatively with lean leg mass (r=-0.32, p=0.03) and total leg mass (r=-0.29, p=0.045).). Sit-to-stand did not correlate with any body composition measure. 6-MW adjusted for age and gender correlated negatively with LBMI (r=-0.29; p=0.04).There were no associations between BMI (range, 19.8-44.2 kg/m2) and physical performance.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that adult MHD pts had a higher % body fat. Measures of physical performance were markedly reduced in MHD pts as compared to Normals. Physical performance in MHD, measured especially by 6-MW, correlated negatively with some measures of body composition, particularly with LBMI

The design, construction and performance of the MICE scintillating fibre trackers

This is the Pre-print version of the Article. The official published version can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2011 ElsevierCharged-particle tracking in the international Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment (MICE) will be performed using two solenoidal spectrometers, each instrumented with a tracking detector based on diameter scintillating fibres. The design and construction of the trackers is described along with the quality-assurance procedures, photon-detection system, readout electronics, reconstruction and simulation software and the data-acquisition system. Finally, the performance of the MICE tracker, determined using cosmic rays, is presented.This work was supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council under grant numbers PP/E003214/1, PP/E000479/1, PP/E000509/1, PP/E000444/1, and through SLAs with STFC-supported laboratories. This work was also supportedby the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, which is operated by the Fermi Research Alliance, under contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03000 with the U.S. Department of Energy, and by the U.S. National Science Foundation under grants PHY-0301737,PHY-0521313, PHY-0758173 and PHY-0630052. The authors also acknowledge the support of the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan

Angular-Differential Cross Sections for H(2p) Formation in Intermediate-Energy Proton-Helium Collisions

Angular-differential cross sections for charge transfer with simultaneous emission of a photon in collisions of protons with helium atoms have been measured. The incident proton energies were 25, 50, and 100 keV and the center-of-mass scattering angles were between 0 and 2.0 mrad. In the experiment, hydrogen atoms that scattered through an angle θ were detected in coincidence with photons emitted perpendicular to the scattering plane with a wavelength between 1140 and 1400 Å. Differential cross sections for capture into the 2p state of the hydrogen atom were determined from the variation in the coincidence signal with θ. The experimental results are compared with the results of a classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) simulation and with the results of a calculation for H(2p) capture using the Coulomb-Brinkman-Kramers (CBK) approximation. The agreement between the experimental results and the CTMC calculation is good at all three energies while the agreement between the shape of the data and the CBK calculation is good at 50 and 100 keV