An Analysis of Watermove Water Markets

This paper conducts an analysis of the water markets in Victoria covered by Watermove. The analysis in this paper examines the weekly trading activity across trading zones. For the majority of trading zones there is little trading activity that occurs. There are three trading zones in which the markets for temporary water rights are reasonably active and liquid on a weekly basis, and for these zones an analysis is conducted of their demand and supply elasticities and consumer and producer surplus. The results of this analysis suggest a stronger relationship on the supply side between prices, volumes, elasticity and producer surplus.Water, Water markets, Elasticities, Consumer and Producer Surplus

DOMAIN WALLS IN THE QUANTUM TRANSVERSE ISING MODEL

We discuss several problems concerning domain walls in the spin $S$ Ising model at zero temperature in a magnetic field, $H/(2S)$, applied in the $x$ direction. Some results are also given for the planar ($y$-$z$) model in a transverse field. We treat the quantum problem in one dimension by perturbation theory at small $H$ and numerically over a large range of $H$. We obtain the spin density profile by fixing the spins at opposite ends of the chain to have opposite signs of $S_z$. One dimension is special in that there the quantum width of the wall is proportional to the size $L$ of the system. We also study the quantitative features of the `particle' band which extends up to energies of order $H$ above the ground state. Except for the planar limit, this particle band is well separated from excitations having energy $J/S$ involving creation of more walls. At large $S$ this particle band develops energy gaps and the lowest sub-band has tunnel splittings of order $H2^{1-2S}$. This scale of energy gives rise to anomalous scaling with respect to a) finite size, b) temperature, or c) random potentials. The intrinsic width of the domain wall and the pinning energy are also defined and calculated in certain limiting cases. The general conclusion is that quantum effects prevent the wall from being sharp and in higher dimension would prevent sudden excursions in the configuration of the wall.Comment: 40 pages and 13 figures, Phys. Rev. B, to be publishe

An Inflated Ordered Probit Model of Monetary Policy: Evidence from MPC Voting Data

Even in the face of a continuously changing economic environment, interest rates often remain unadjusted for long periods. When rates are moved, the norm is for a series of small unidirectional discrete basis-point changes. To explain these phenomena we suggest a two-equation system combining a “long-run” equation explaining a binary decision to change or not change the interest-rate, and a “shortrun” one based on a simple monetary policy rule. We account for unobserved heterogeneity in both equations, applying the model to unique unit-record level data on the voting preferences of Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) members.Interest rates; voting; discrete data; ordered models; inflated outcomes; monetary policy committee

Results of LFC experiment on slotted swept supercritical airfoil in Langley's 8-foot transonic pressure tunnel

A large chord swept supercritical laminar-flow control (LFC) airfoil was designed, constructed, and tested in the Langley 8-foot Transonic Pressure Tunnel (TPT). The LFC airfoil experiment was established to provide basic information concerning the design and compatibility of high performance supercritical airfoils with suction boundary-layer control achieved through fine slots or porous surface concepts. Shockless pressure distribution was achieved. Full chord laminar flow was achieved on upper and lower surfaces. Full chord laminar flow was maintained at subcritical speeds and over large supercritical zones. Feasibility of combined suction laminarization and supercritical airfoil technology was demonstrated

Low‐Temperature Properties of a Heisenberg Antiferromagnet

It is shown how the propagator formalism can be used to obtain the low‐temperature expansion of the free energy of an isotropic Heisenberg antiferromagnet. The lowest‐order terms in such an expansion can be calculated using the proper self‐energy evaluated at zero temperature. The analytic properties of this quantity are investigated by expressing it in terms of time ordered diagrams. The low‐temperature expansion of the free energy is shown to be of the form AT 4+BT 4+CT 8, where A, B, and C are given by Oguchi correctly to order 1/S. For spin ½ the term in 1/S 2 gives a 2% reduction in A for a body‐centered lattice

Longitudinal Dynamical Susceptibility of the Heisenberg Ferromagnet at Short Wavelengths and Low Temperatures

The longitudinal dynamical susceptibility of the Heisenberg ferromagnet is studied at short wavelengths and low temperatures. It is shown that identical results to order 1/S are obtained using (a) a spin decoupling technique, (b) a diagrammatic method using the Holstein-Primakoff transformation, and (c) a diagrammatic method using the Dyson-Maleev transformation. We thus conclude that there are no significant kinematic effects at low temperatures. Using the random-phase approximation, we find that the Dyson-Maleev interactions between magnons are too weak to support the existence of a zero-sound mode. Both these conclusions disagree with the recent results of other authors

Ferroelectricity Induced by Incommensurate Magnetism (Invited)

Ferroelectricity has been found to occur in several insulating systems, such as TbMnO3 and Ni3V2O8 which have more than one phase with incommensurately modulated long-range magnetic order. Here we give a phenomenological model which relates the symmetries of the magnetic structure as obtained from neutron diffraction to the development and orientation of a spontaneous ferroelectric moment induced by the magnetic ordering. This model leads directly to the formulation of a microscopic spin-phonon interaction which explains the observed phenomena. The results are given in terms of gradients of the exchange tensor with respect to generalized displacements for the specific example of NVO. It is assumed that these gradients will now be the target of first-principles calculations using the LDA+U or related scheme

Scaling of the Negative Moments of the Harmonic Measure in Diffusion-Limited Aggregates

It is shown that, unlike the case of the distribution of currents in a random resistor network, all negative moments of the harmonic measure in diffusion-limited aggregates exhibit power-law scaling with sample size

Phase Locking in the Heisenberg Helimagnet

The commensurability energy ΔE is calculated for a Heisenberg helimagnet whose wavelength is three lattice constants at zero temperature with a small but nonzero uniform field applied in the plane of polarization of the spins. It is shown that ΔE=0 for classical spins but ΔE≠0 for quantum spins when spin‐wave interactions are considered