366 research outputs found
Plasmodium simium/Plasmodium vivax infections in southern brown howler monkeys from the Atlantic Forest
EFEITOS DE UM PROGRAMA DE EXERCĂCIOS AQUĂTICOS EM CRIANĂAS COM DIABETES DO TIPO 1: RELATO DE CASO
O objetivo foi relacionar o comportamento do nĂvel glicĂȘmico de crianças com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 com um programa de exercĂcios aquĂĄticos. Duas crianças com idade cronolĂłgica de 8 e 12 anos e diagnĂłstico clĂnico de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 foram submetidas a um protocolo de exercĂcios aquĂĄticos. O protocolo foi executado duas vezes por semana. As crianças foram avaliadas inicialmente e reavaliadas apĂłs as 18 sessĂ”es de treinamento quanto aos dados antropomĂ©tricos e sinais vitais. A glicemia perifĂ©rica foi verificada no inĂcio e fim de cada sessĂŁo. ApĂłs a execução do protocolo, observou-se redução dos nĂveis diĂĄrios de glicemia das crianças, bem como a diminuição da necessidade de correção glicĂȘmica por meio da insulina de ação rĂĄpida. As evidĂȘncias apresentadas apoiam o uso de exercĂcios aquĂĄticos como uma modalidade terapĂȘutica a ser incorporada no processo de tratamento de crianças DM1, como uma prĂĄtica nĂŁo medicamentosa para o controle glicĂȘmico
The Targeting of Plasmalemmal Ceramide to Mitochondria during Apoptosis
Ceramide is a key lipid mediator of cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, growth arrest and apoptosis. During apoptosis, ceramide is produced within the plasma membrane. Although recent data suggest that the generation of intracellular ceramide increases mitochondrial permeability, the source of mitochondrial ceramide remains unknown. Here, we determine whether a stress-mediated plasmalemmal pool of ceramide might become available to the mitochondria of apoptotic cells. We have previously established annexin A1âa member of a family of Ca2+ and membrane-binding proteinsâto be a marker of ceramide platforms. Using fluorescently tagged annexin A1, we show that, upon its generation within the plasma membrane, ceramide self-associates into platforms that subsequently invaginate and fuse with mitochondria. An accumulation of ceramide within the mitochondria of apoptotic cells was also confirmed using a ceramide-specific antibody. Electron microscopic tomography confirmed that upon the formation of ceramide platforms, the invaginated regions of the plasma membrane extend deep into the cytoplasm forming direct physical contacts with mitochondrial outer membranes. Ceramide might thus be directly transferred from the plasma membrane to the mitochondrial outer membrane. It is conceivable that this âkiss-of-deathâ increases the permeability of the mitochondrial outer membrane thereby triggering apoptosis
Safety and immunomodulatory effects of three probiotic strains isolated from the feces of breast-fed infants in healthy adults: SETOPROB study
We previously described the isolation and characterization of three probiotic strains from the feces of exclusively breast-fed newborn infants: Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034, Bifidobacterium breve CNCM I-4035 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036. These strains were shown to adhere to intestinal mucus in vitro, to be sensitive to antibiotics and to resist biliary salts and low pH. In the present study, a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 100 healthy volunteers in three Spanish cities was carried out to evaluate the tolerance, safety, gut colonization and immunomodulatory effects of these three probiotics. Volunteers underwent a 15-day washout period, after which they were randomly divided into 5 groups that received daily a placebo, a capsule containing one of the 3 strains or a capsule containing a mixture of two strains for 30 days. The intervention was followed by another 15-day washout period. Patients did not consume fermented milk for the entire duration of the study. Gastrointestinal symptoms, defecation frequency and stool consistency were not altered by probiotic intake. No relevant changes in blood and serum, as well as no adverse events occurred during or after treatment. Probiotic administration slightly modified bacterial populations in the volunteersâ feces. Intestinal persistence occurred in volunteers who received L. rhamnosus CNCM I-4036. Administration of B. breve CNCM I-4035 resulted in a significant increase in fecal secretory IgA content. IL-4 and IL-10 increased, whereas IL-12 decreased in the serum of volunteers treated with any of the three strains. These results demonstrate that the consumption of these three bacterial strains was safe and exerted varying degrees of immunomodulatory effects.Part of the research currently in progress in the authors' laboratory is funded by the company Hero Spain, S. A. through the grant #3582 managed by the Fundacion General Empresa-Universidad de Granada
Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the evolution of form and function in the amniote jaw.
The amniote jaw complex is a remarkable amalgamation of derivatives from distinct embryonic cell lineages. During development, the cells in these lineages experience concerted movements, migrations, and signaling interactions that take them from their initial origins to their final destinations and imbue their derivatives with aspects of form including their axial orientation, anatomical identity, size, and shape. Perturbations along the way can produce defects and disease, but also generate the variation necessary for jaw evolution and adaptation. We focus on molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate form in the amniote jaw complex, and that enable structural and functional integration. Special emphasis is placed on the role of cranial neural crest mesenchyme (NCM) during the species-specific patterning of bone, cartilage, tendon, muscle, and other jaw tissues. We also address the effects of biomechanical forces during jaw development and discuss ways in which certain molecular and cellular responses add adaptive and evolutionary plasticity to jaw morphology. Overall, we highlight how variation in molecular and cellular programs can promote the phenomenal diversity and functional morphology achieved during amniote jaw evolution or lead to the range of jaw defects and disease that affect the human condition
Suboccipital craniectomy with or without duraplasty: what is the best choice in patients with Chiari type 1 malformation?
Comparative study of the hyperbaric hyperoxygenation in ischemic colonic loops in rats
- âŠ