SDGs, COVID-19 and institutional pressures on organizations

Purpose – This article answers the following research question: How do institutional pressures influencethe re(actions) of organizations in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the context ofthe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic?Design/methodology/approach – The present research was conducted through the search and reviewof online secondary sources based on a critical and exploratory analysis. The data were obtained from theGlobal Compact Brazilian Committee (Rede Brasil do Pacto Global, in Portuguese) and analyzed by meansof qualitative content analysis with the support of the ATLAS.ti software.Findings –The results have showed the role of organizations in dealing with the impacts provoked by thecurrent COVID-19 scenario. However, the association of actions implemented by organizations is evidentin some SDGs, but not in all and not with the same intensity. There is a higher incidence of SDG 3 (Goodhealth and well-being), which is linked to 278 actions. Regarding institutional pressures, we noticed ahigher incidence of normative pressures, which may indicate a sense of responsibility towards employeesand other stakeholders related to the prevention of the impacts caused by the pandemic.Practical implications – The findings presented here can encourage companies to better direct theirefforts to fight the virus without neglecting the 2030 Agenda.Social implications – The authors intend to encourage institutions that may exert coercive, normative,and mimetic pressures to recognize the impacts of their influence and better direct it to the interests ofsociety during and after the pandemic.Originality/value – This research investigates organizational actions in the context of COVID-19 from aninstitutional theory perspective

Julgamento de traços linguísticos e expressões faciais: uma abordagem do processamento da variação

This paper presents the results of a pilot study to verify if facial expressions can be clues to the social judgment of a sociolinguistic variable, making the relationship between a stereotype type variable phenomenon (rotacism in Brazilian Portuguese) and the physiological effects of variation possible. To the execution of this work, two experimental studies were elaborated: the first one had the participation of 30 college students and considered, as independent variables, judgment and response time to audio stimuli; the second one, in which 9 other students participated, considered as independent variables judgment and participants’ facial expressions. The results of reaction time corroborate the stigmatized status of the linguistic variable and show that the negative judgment attributed to this trait is evidenced by facial expressions because participants did not remain neutral when they are listening to this phenomenon, unless without statistical significance.Este artigo apresenta resultados de um estudo piloto com o objetivo de verificar se expressões faciais podem ser pistas do julgamento social de uma variável sociolinguística, tornando a relação entre um fenômeno variável do tipo estereótipo (rotacismo no português brasileiro) com os efeitos fisiológicos da variação possível. Para a execução desta pesquisa, foram elaborados dois estudos experimentais: o primeiro contou com a participação de 30 estudantes universitários e considerou, como variáveis independentes, julgamento e tempo de resposta a estímulos de áudio; o segundo, do qual participaram outros 9 estudantes, considerou, como variáveis independentes julgamento e expressões faciais dos participantes. Os resultados obtidos quanto ao tempo de resposta corroboram para o status estigmatizado da variável. No entanto, o julgamento negativo atribuído não pode ser associado às expressões faciais, pois, embora os participantes não tenham permanecido neutros ao ouvirem realizações desse fenômeno, a limitação da amostra restringe a significância estatística

Magnetic resonance imaging findings of intracranial gossypiboma: a case report and literature review

Vários trabalhos têm descrito as características de gossipibomas por meio de radiografias convencionais e tomografia computadorizada, porém, seus achados na ressonância magnética são menos conhecidos. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as características de imagem de gossipibomas, ilustrando um caso de uma paciente com quadro clínico de febre e confusão mental com antecedente de cirurgia encefálica.Many reports in the literature have described findings of gossypibomas at conventional radiography and computed tomography. However, magnetic resonance imaging findings are still to be completely known. The purpose of the present study was to describe imaging findings of gossypibomas in a patient with previous history of brain surgery, presenting fever and mental confusion

The impact of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws on the quality of life in cancer patients

To evaluate the impact of oral health on the quality of life (QOL) of individuals undergoing cancer treatment at the time of diagnosis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). The present cross-sectional study analyzed patients with MRONJ from 2013 to 2019. The collected data included demographic data, base disease, medications associated with MRONJ, route of administration and time of use, signs, symptoms, and tomographic features of acute MRONJ, staging according to American Association of Oral and maxillofacial Surgeons position paper 2014 (AAOMS), type of dental treatment performed, outcome, and the responses to the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14). Statistical analysis was performed using the Tukey test to study the association between oral condition and the QOL. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The sample consisted of 16 medical records of patients with MRONJ. Psychological discomfort showed alarmingly significant results (p< 0.001) with strong negative impact on the QOL of the patients. Functional limitation was the least affected dimension (p = 0.747). The other dimensions did not show statistically significant results. MRONJ compromises oral health and negatively impacts the QOL, especially with respect to the psychological discomfort (worry and stress). The OHIP-14 questionnaire proved to be an effective tool in the assessment of this impact

Instalação e operação de parques eólicos: impactos negativos para o meio ambiente e sociedade / Wind farm installation and operation: negative impact for the environment and society

Na busca por um desenvolvimento sustentável, de tecnologias mais limpas que sustentem esse desenvolvimento, e da necessidade de adequações na matriz energética, visando um menor impacto ambiental, surge a energia eólica, cuja produção energética é renovável, competitiva e confiável. No entanto, apesar dos diversos benefícios atrelados a essa alternativa, estudos indicam que a implantação dos parques eólicos pode gerar impactos ambientais. Diante da controversa quanto aos benefícios e malefícios dessa matriz energética, objetiva-se com esse trabalho buscar na literatura os principais efeitos negativos da implantação dos parques eólicos, tanto para o meio ambiente quanto para a sociedade, partindo da premissa que esses podem e devem ser minimizados ou eliminados através de planejamento adequado, de modo que possa haver uma relação harmônica entre a sociedade e a natureza. Para isso foi realizado levantamento bibliografico nas bases de dados Web of Science, Google Scholar e Scielo, entre os anos de 2009 a 2019, com o intuito de apresentar o que atualmente se produz cientificamente no país em relação aos parques eólicos. Os resultados alcançados nessa pesquisa apontam que embora a produção energética das turbinas eólicas seja efetivamente limpa, por não depender dos combustíveis fósseis e contribuir para redução de emissão de gases do efeito estufa, toda a sua infraestrutura, desde a sua implantação até o seu funcionamento está longe de ser uma tecnologia socialmente justa e ambientalmente sustentável. Além dos prejuízos ambientais na sua implantação, há prejuízos socioambientais relevantes para comunidades onde estão inseridas. Esse trabalho contribui na compreensão do confronto de energia limpa versus os impactos provocados por ela.

Shortened first-line TB treatment in Brazil: potential cost savings for patients and health services.

BACKGROUND: Shortened treatment regimens for tuberculosis are under development to improve treatment outcomes and reduce costs. We estimated potential savings from a societal perspective in Brazil following the introduction of a hypothetical four-month regimen for tuberculosis treatment. METHODS: Data were gathered in ten randomly selected health facilities in Rio de Janeiro. Health service costs were estimated using an ingredient approach. Patient costs were estimated from a questionnaire administered to 126 patients. Costs per visits and per case treated were analysed according to the type of therapy: self-administered treatment (SAT), community- and facility-directly observed treatment (community-DOT, facility-DOT). RESULTS: During the last 2 months of treatment, the largest savings could be expected for community-DOT; on average USD 17,351-18,203 and USD 43,660-45,856 (bottom-up and top-down estimates) per clinic. Savings to patients could also be expected as the median (interquartile range) patient-related costs during the two last months were USD 108 (13-291), USD 93 (36-239) and USD 11 (7-126), respectively for SAT, facility-DOT and community-DOT. CONCLUSION: Introducing a four-month regimen may result in significant cost savings for both the health service and patients, especially the poorest. In particular, a community-DOT strategy, including treatment at home, could maximise health services savings while limiting patient costs. Our cost estimates are likely to be conservative because a 4-month regimen could hypothetically increase the proportion of patients cured by reducing the number of patients defaulting and we did not include the possible cost benefits from the subsequent prevention of costs due to downstream transmission averted and rapid clinical improvement with less side effects in the last two months

Evolução temporal no uso e ocupação do solo no município de Itanhém, Bahia / Temporal evolution in the use and occupation of soil in the city of Itanhém, Bahia

O processo de substituição de áreas de vegetação nativa por culturas antrópicas vem se intensificando desde a ocupação da região do extremo sul da Bahia, sendo motivo para preocupação em relação a forma de ocupação das regiões de Mata Atlântica. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho identificar a alteração do uso e ocupação do solo entre os anos de 1990 e 2018 no município de Itanhém. Os dados de uso e ocupação do solo foram obtidos através de imagens do satélite Landsat 5 sensor Thematic Maper para os anos entre 1990 e 2006, imagens do satélite RapidEye para o ano de 2013, e no ano de 2018 imagens do satélite Spot 7, cedidas pelo Fórum Florestal do Extremo Sul da Bahia. A partir dessas, foram gerados mapas de uso e ocupação do solo para cada ano estudado por meio da utilização do software QGIS. Com base nos resultados é possível observar o predomínio da pecuária em todo o período analisado, ocorrendo concomitantemente uma redução expressiva das áreas de vegetação nativa, revelando o domínio das atividades antrópicas nesse município

Skin lesions associated with invasive devices in highly complex neonatal and pediatric patients

The skin is the largest organ of the human body. It has three layers: epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. The epidermis performs multiple functions in the body, standing out as a defensive barrier and internal integrity in addition to containing the evasion of moisture, and exogenous substances. Injury is by definition any interruption in the continuity of the skin regardless of its extent and may be chronic or acute. A newborn's skin is delicate and vulnerable, and the use of invasive devices in highly complex care can negatively affect its integrity. This review study addressed data from Brazilian research on newborn skin in intensive hospital treatment units. The studies evaluated were obtained from the SciELO, Medline and Lilacs, Google Scholar and Elsevier databases. The inclusion criteria were articles, monographs, dissertations and theses published in the period between 2018 and 2023, in Portuguese with a pre-established theme, and the exclusion criteria were articles, monographs, dissertations and repeated theses, incomplete manuscripts and with unauthorized access free of charge. As results, 3 categories were obtained: Category 1 – Main causes of skin lesions in newborns and highly complex children. Category 2- Prevention measures in newborns and highly complex children with skin lesions. Category 3- Highly complex skin care strategies for newborns and children. It is evident that due to the high susceptibility of newborns and children to develop highly complex skin lesions, it requires greater attention from the nursing team. Early detection of the risk of skin lesions and the use of prophylaxis enable a better quality of life for newborns hospitalized in high complexity, avoiding and minimizing skin lesions caused by the care provided

Main nursing diagnoses in a patient with traumatic injury of the spinal cord from the perspective of high complexity

Traumatic spinal cord injury and sequelae are catastrophic events that adversely affect the victim's functional capacity, and rapid rehabilitation is necessary. Nursing patients with spinal cord injury is essential for the patient's rehabilitation. Nursing professionals offer individualized support according to different levels of complexity to prevent and treat the main complications caused by spinal cord injury. The objective of this study was to verify knowledge about the care of patients with spinal cord injuries undergoing rehabilitation. This study was developed from the virtual databases resident in the Library Research Portal: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS); Scientific Electronic Library online (SciELO); Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and Elsevier. It is concluded that nurses have knowledge of methods and scientific support to care for patients with spinal cord injuries. Their professional qualification provides greater technical competence in activities carried out with victims and facilitates the progression of trauma. Its process has a high contribution to rehabilitation, aiming at care that pays attention to each individual's needs and particularities, helping to face the physical, social and psychological limitations of patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries