La gastronom?a como marca de destino : proposiciones en Minas Gerais - Brasil.

Las marcas de destino conforman un campo de estudio multi e interdisciplinario porque abordan diversas variaciones e interpretaciones en t?rminos de identidad de lugar. Una de ellas es el turismo gastron?mico, tambi?n conocido como ?gastroturismo? o turismo culinario, que se ha fortalecido en la valoraci?n de los aspectos culturales y culinarios locales. Si bien la gastronom?a era considerada como un elemento de apoyo al turismo, ahora se la considera como principal atractivo; una alternativa para presentar el lugar, crear su identidad y atraer visitantes. As?, se ha convertido en un importante elemento de marca capaz de promover el turismo y los valores culturales locales. Este art?culo te?rico relaciona los abordajes de marcas de destino y la gastronom?a, discute el rol de la gastronom?a como marca de destino y reflexiona sobre la gastronom?a del Estado de Minas Gerais en el ?mbito del debate sobre marca de destino. El art?culo relaciona las discusiones te?ricas sobre marcas de destino con la gastronom?a, indica las principales investigaciones del ?rea y ampl?a la reflexi?n al contextualizar la gastronom?a mineira ante las propuestas presentadas.Destination brands is a multi and interdisciplinary field of study for approach diverse variations and interpretations in terms of place identity. One of these understandings is gastronomic tourism, also known as 'gastroturismo' or culinary tourism, which has been strengthened based on the appreciation of local cultural and culinary aspects. If gastronomy was considered as an element of tourism support, then the movement is considered as the main attraction, an alternative to present the place, create its identity and attract visitors. As a result, this area has become an important brand element capable of promoting tourism and local cultural values. This article aims to make a relationship between the approaches of destination brands and gastronomy, to discuss about the role of gastronomy as a destination brand and, specifically, to reflect on the gastronomy of Minas Gerais in the scope of the discussions about destination brand. As final considerations, it was possible to establish a connection between the theoretical discussions about destination brands and gastronomy, to point out the main researches in the area and to extend such reflections in contextualizing the gastronomy of Minas Gerais in the face of the presented proposals

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pol?tica agr?cola brasileira e os acordos SPS e TBT da OMC padroniza??o ou prote??o?

O objetivo deste estudo ? a an?lise das medidas regulat?rias notificadas pelo Brasil, no agroneg?cio, aos acordos de barreiras sanit?rias e fitossanit?rias (SPS) e t?cnicas (TBT) da OMC, de 1995 a 2014. A an?lise das notifica??es levou em considera??o algumas identifica??es: produto, principais se??es do Sistema Harmonizado, justificativa, institui??es emissoras e destino. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que h? crescimento cont?nuo das notifica??es emitidas pelo Brasil sob as justificativas de prover alimentos seguros e prote??o ? sa?de humana, animal e vegetal. O estudo conclui que as medidas regulat?rias emitidas pelas institui??es governamentais s?o na realidade reflexo das a??es e fun??es do Estado que visam proporcionar ganhos aos consumidores e produtores.The objectives of this research consisted of characterizing and analyzing the regulatory measures issued by the Brazilian Government in agribusiness to the SPS and TBT agreements of the WTO, between 1995 and 2014. The reports collected, in the period from 1995 to 2014, were identified taking into account some identifications, such as: product, sections of the Harmonized System, justification, issuers and final destination. The results shows a continuous growth of the number of notifications issued by the Brazilian government in this period, with the justification of providing safe food and protection to human, animal and plant health. In the conclusion we have that regulatory measures issued by governmental institutions are in fact a reflection of the actions and state functions together to market players and that aim to provide gains to consumers and producers

La Ro?a como un atributo de clasificaci?n de alimentos naturales y tradicionales en Minas Gerais, Brasil.

Neste artigo discutem-se os usos e significados do termo Ro?a como atributo de produtos e servi?os do setor alimentar comercializados no Brasil. Parte-se do pressuposto de que Ro?a historicamente denotava uma hierarquia entre o campo e a cidade, o rural e o urbano, expressa atualmente novos significados relacionados ? valoriza??o do rural na sociedade brasileira. A ado??o de ro?a como atributo de produtos alimentares considerados naturais e tradicionais expressaria esta valoriza??o positiva atribu?da ao termo. Utilizou-se como m?todo de coleta de dados a fim de verificar esta hip?tese, a aplica??o de question?rios e entrevistas a produtores, distribuidores e consumidores destes produtos e servi?os no Mercado Central de Belo Horizonte-MG e no 4? Festival de Gastronomia e Cultura da Ro?a de Gon?alves-MG. Os dados foram submetidos ? an?lise de conte?do categ?rica. Os resultados indicaram que, para produtores e distribuidores, ro?a apresentava-se relacionada a significados que remetiam ? tradi??o e ? nostalgia. Para os consumidores, al?m do significado relativo ? tradi??o, tamb?m houve alus?es ? origem confi?vel dos alimentos associando-os ? natureza, da? o seu valor, remetendo-os, portanto, a um mercado, por vezes, considerado informal contrapondo-se aos produtos de origem industrial.En este art?culo se discuten los usos y significados de la denominaci?n Ro?a como un atributo de los productos y servicios del sector de la alimentaci?n que son comercializados en Brasil. Se supone que Ro?a, t?rmino que hist?ricamente denotaba una jerarqu?a entre el campo y la ciudad, lo rural y lo urbano, expresa hoy nuevos significados relacionados con el reconocimiento de la sociedad rural brasile?a. La adopci?n de la Ro?a como atributo del alimento considerado como natural y tradicional expresar?a esta apreciaci?n positiva asignada a la palabra. Como m?todo de recolecci?n de datos para comprobar esta hip?tesis, se aplicaron encuestas y entrevistas a productores, distribuidores y consumidores de estos productos y servicios en el Mercado Central de Belo Horizonte-MG, as? como en el Cuarto Festival de Gastronom?a y Cultura de la Ro?a de Gon?alves-MG. Los datos fueron sometidos a an?lisis de contenido categ?rico. Los resultados indicaron que, para los productores y distribuidores, la palabra Ro?a estaba relacionada con significados que hac?an referencia a la tradici?n y nostalgia. Para los consumidores, m?s all? de la importancia de la tradici?n, hubo alusiones ella como fuente de confianza de alimentos, asoci?ndolos con la naturaleza y de all? su valor. Tambi?n se refer?an a ellos como un mercado, que a veces se considera informal, contrario a lo que ocurre en el caso de los productos de origen industrial

A participa??o dos alunos do curso a dist?ncia de administra??o p?blica da UFOP na gest?o p?blica.

Este artigo identifica se a participa??o dos alunos no curso de Administra??o P?blica da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP) est? associada a altera??es na participa??o destes nos munic?pios onde residem e nos ?rg?os p?blicos que atuam. A infer?ncia de que a informa??o e a reflex?o sobre a gest?o p?blica s?o fatores que est?o associados a altera??es na participa??o enquanto cidad?o e servidor p?blico foi feita a partir dos trabalhos de Dubet (1994) no campo da sociologia da a??o. Decidiu-se por examinar atua??o dos alunos a partir de dois aspectos: (a) influ?ncia via participa??o popular para residentes e (b) influ?ncia via desempenho na gest?o para servidores. O curso a dist?ncia de Administra??o P?blica da UFOP tem buscado consolidar n?o s? as pr?ticas gerenciais, mas principalmente, gerar uma base de atividades acad?micas que atue no desenvolvimento de novos conte?dos e investiga??o. A pesquisa de campo corroborou o que Dubet (1994) prop?s em seus trabalhos. Parte significativa dos alunos afirmou que o conte?do das disciplinas tem permitido a eles participarem de a??es enquanto cidad?os e servidores p?blicos.This paper identifies the involvement of pupils in the Public Administration major at the Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP) and is associated with changes in these activities in the municipalities where they reside and in public agencies that they work in. The inference that the information and reflection on public management are factors associated with changes in activity as a citizen and public servant was taken from the works of Dubet (1994) in the sociology of action. We decided to examine student performance from two aspects: (a) influence through popular participation in residents and (b) performance influence via the management server. Public Administration at UFOP has sought to consolidate not only managerial practices, but mainly generate a base of academic activities acting on the development of new content and research. The field research outlined here corroborated what Dubet (1994) proposed in his work. Significant numbers of the students said that the content of the disciplines has allowed them to actively participate as both citizens and civil servants

Pobreza, crescimento econ?mico e degrada??o ambiental no meio urbano brasileiro.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar como se d? a rela??o entre a renda e degrada??o ambiental no meio urbano brasileiro, analisando se a pobreza e o crescimento econ?mico s?o determinantes de impacto negativo ou positivo sobre o meio ambiente. Optou-se pelo modelo Logit Ordenado, pois a vari?vel dependente referente ? degrada??o ambiental foi constru?da de forma qualitativa e as escolhas podem ser ordenadas segundo n?veis de intensidade de degrada??o. Verificou-se que vari?veis que representam dimens?es do desenvolvimento humano da popula??o, como consci?ncia ambiental, educa??o, sa?de e renda s?o determinantes para explica??o do processo de degrada??o. Conforme esperado, a degrada??o ambiental apresenta uma rela??o de ?N? invertido com o crescimento da renda no Brasil e suas regi?es. A identifica??o dos determinantes da degrada??o ambiental fornece informa??es importantes para fins de planejamento de pol?ticas p?blicas capazes de atuar sobre os mesmos, minimizando seus efeitos negativos sobre o bem-estar das popula??es urbanas diretamente afetadas.This paper aimed verify how is the relationship between income and environmental degradation in Brazilian urban. We analyzed if the poverty and economic growth are determinants of negative or positive impact on the environment. It was decided to use the Ordered Logit model, because the dependent variable related to environmental degradation was built qualitatively and the choices can be organized in according to intensity levels of degradation. It was verified that the variables which represents dimensions of human development of the population such as environmental awareness, education, health and income are determinant to explain the degradation process. The environmental degradation presents a relation of an inverted ?N? with income growth as expected in Brazil and its regions. Thus, the identification of determinants of environmental degradation provides valuable information for planning public policies able of to act on them, minimizing their negative effects on the well-being of urban populations directly affected