Relacion entre el recuerdo libre en la memoria episodica y el contenido del discurso descriptivo en adultos mayores

79 p.La presente investigación se centra en el estudio de la memoria episódica verbal y el discurso descriptivo en adultos mayores entre 60 y 80 años, específicamente en el recuerdo libre en la memoria y el contenido en el discurso. Los sujetos fueron sometidos a una tarea de recuerdo de una lista de palabras y a la descripción de una lámina. El propósito fue determinar: 1) si el desempeño en recuerdo libre y contenido del discurso descriptivo varía con la edad y 2) si existe correlación entre estas ariables. Los resultados demuestran que el desempeño en recuerdo libre no varía significativamente entre ambos grupos, no así el contenido donde se obtienen diferencias significativas. Por otra parte el análisis indica que estas variables no se correlacionan. Esto significaría que el acceso libre a información no muestra diferencias tras un tiempo igual a 20 minutos y que las descripciones realizadas por los adultos mayores son breves, menos eficientes y los elementos incluidos dentro de éstas no seguirían una jerarquía clara, lo que justificaría las diferencias de desempeño con los adultos jóvenes

A flagship for Austral temperate forest conservation: an action plan for Darwin's frogs brings key stakeholders together

Darwin’s frogs Rhinoderma darwinii and Rhinoderma rufum are the only known species of amphibians in which males brood their offspring in their vocal sacs. We propose these frogs as flagship species for the conservation of the Austral temperate forests of Chile and Argentina. This recommendation forms part of the vision of the Binational Conservation Strategy for Darwin’s Frogs, which was launched in 2018. The strategy is a conservation initiative led by the IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group, which in 2017 convened 30 governmental, non-profit and private organizations from Chile, Argentina and elsewhere. Darwin’s frogs are iconic examples of the global amphibian conservation crisis: R. rufum is categorized as Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) on the IUCN Red List, and R. darwinii as Endangered. Here we articulate the conservation planning process that led to the development of the conservation strategy for these species and present its main findings and recommendations. Using an evidence-based approach, the Binational Conservation Strategy for Darwin’s Frogs contains a comprehensive status review of Rhinoderma spp., including critical threat analyses, and proposes 39 prioritized conservation actions. Its goal is that by 2028, key information gaps on Rhinoderma spp. will be filled, the main threats to these species will be reduced, and financial, legal and societal support will have been achieved. The strategy is a multi-disciplinary, transnational endeavour aimed at ensuring the long-term viability of these unique frogs and their particular habitat

Tracking, targeting, and conserving soil biodiversity

Nature conservation literature and policy instruments mainly focus on the impacts of human development and the benefits of nature conservation for oceans and aboveground terrestrial organisms (e.g., birds and plants) and processes (e.g., food production), but these efforts almost completely ignore the majority of terrestrial biodiversity that is unseen and living in the soil. Little is known about the conservation status of most soil organisms and the effects of nature conservation policies on soil systems. Yet like “canaries in the coal mine,” when soil organisms begin to disappear, ecosystems will soon start to underperform, potentially hindering their vital functions for humankind. Soil biodiversity and its ecosystem functions thus require explicit consideration when establishing nature protection priorities and policies and when designing new conservation areas. To inform such efforts, we lay out a global soil biodiversity and ecosystem function monitoring framework to be considered in the context of the post-2020 discussions of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). To support this framework, we suggest a suite of soil ecological indicators based on essential biodiversity variables (EBVs) that directly link to current global targets such as the ones established under the CBD, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the Paris Agreement.http://www.sciencemag.orghj2022BiochemistryGeneticsMicrobiology and Plant Patholog