1,218 research outputs found
Adiabatic Elimination in a Lambda System
This paper deals with different ways to extract the effective two-dimensional
lower level dynamics of a lambda system excited by off-resonant laser beams. We
present a commonly used procedure for elimination of the upper level, and we
show that it may lead to ambiguous results. To overcome this problem and better
understand the applicability conditions of this scheme, we review two rigorous
methods which allow us both to derive an unambiguous effective two-level
Hamiltonian of the system and to quantify the accuracy of the approximation
achieved: the first one relies on the exact solution of the Schrodinger
equation, while the second one resorts to the Green's function formalism and
the Feshbach projection operator technique.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figure
Hyperfine, rotational and Zeeman structure of the lowest vibrational levels of the Rb \tripletex state
We present the results of an experimental and theoretical study of the
electronically excited \tripletex state of Rb molecules. The
vibrational energies are measured for deeply bound states from the bottom up to
using laser spectroscopy of ultracold Rb Feshbach molecules. The
spectrum of each vibrational state is dominated by a 47\,GHz splitting into a
\cog and \clg component caused mainly by a strong second order spin-orbit
interaction. Our spectroscopy fully resolves the rotational, hyperfine, and
Zeeman structure of the spectrum. We are able to describe to first order this
structure using a simplified effective Hamiltonian.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, 2 table
Validity of adiabaticity in Cavity QED
This paper deals with the concept of adiabaticity for fully quantum
mechanically cavity QED models. The physically interesting cases of Gaussian
and standing wave shapes of the cavity mode are considered. An analytical
approximate measure for adiabaticity is given and compared with numerical wave
packet simulations. Good agreement is obtained where the approximations are
expected to be valid. Usually for cavity QED systems, the large atom-field
detuning case is considered as the adiabatic limit. We, however, show that
adiabaticity is also valid, for the Gaussian mode shape, in the opposite limit.
Effective semiclassical time dependent models, which do not take into account
the shape of the wave packet, are derived. Corrections to such an effective
theory, which are purely quantum mechanical, are discussed. It is shown that
many of the results presented can be applied to time dependent two-level
systems.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
Electronic structure and spectroscopy of O2 and O2+
We carried out a comprehensive SCF MRD--CI ab initio study of the
electronic
structure of O and O. Potential energy curves (PECs) of
about 150
electronic states of O and
about
100 of O, as well as a number of
states of
O were computed. The cc--pVQZ basis set augmented with diffuse
functions was employed. Spectroscopic parameters
( , ,
IP, etc.) are reported.
A preliminary sample of the results will be presented. The electronic absorption
spectrum of O has proved difficult to analyze/interpret
due to the unusually large number of electronic states which arise
from
the peculiar open--shell structure of both the oxygen atomic fragments and the
O molecule. For instance, there are 62 valence molecular electronic
states which
correlate to the six lowest dissociation limits resulting from
the three valence O atom fragment states (P, D, S).
In addition, there are several Rydberg series
converging to the X ground ionic state and to the lowest
two excited states of the cation, a and A.
Furthermore, a number of interactions of various types among several electronic states result in rovibronic perturbations
which manifest themselves, e.g., as irregular vibronic structure,
hence severely complicating the
assignment of the absorption features and the analysis and
interpretation of the spectrum.
An overview of the electronic states and spectroscopy of O will be presented.
A chief motivation of this study of O was
to try to provide a theoretical insight on the nature,
energetic position, shape, and dissociation asymptotes,
of electronic states located in the 4 eV energy region
encompassed between the O ground state X (IP eV)
and the first excited state of the cation a
(IP eV).
This in order to aid in the interpretation of experimental data
related to the mechanism(s) of the neutral dissociation of the O
(Rydberg) superexcited states,
which competes with autoionization.
We are currently striving to compute PECs of relatively highly
excited states of O located in the 12--16 eV energy region which might
help to visualize possible pathways for the
neutral XUV photodissociation of the I, I and I
superexcited states of O leading to the O(P) + O(S, S) dissociation limits.Ope
Zero kinetic energy-pulsed field ionization and resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization photoelectron spectroscopy: Ionization dynamics of Rydberg states in HBr
The results of rotationally resolved resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization photoelectron spectroscopy and zero kinetic energy‐pulsed field ionization studies on HBr via various rotational levels of the F^ 1Δ_2 and f^ 3Δ_2 Rydberg states are reported. These studies lead to an accurate determination of the lowest ionization threshold as 94 098.9±1 cm^(−1). Observed rotational and spin–orbit branching ratios are compared to the results of ab initio calculations. The differences between theory and experiment highlight the dominant role of rotational and spin–orbit interactions for the dynamic properties of the high‐n Rydberg states involved in the pulsed field ionization process
Observation of Feshbach resonances in an ultracold gas of Cr
We have observed Feshbach resonances in elastic collisions between ultracold
Cr atoms. This is the first observation of collisional Feshbach
resonances in an atomic species with more than one valence electron. The zero
nuclear spin of Cr and thus the absence of a Fermi-contact interaction
leads to regularly-spaced resonance sequences. By comparing resonance positions
with multi-channel scattering calculations we determine the s-wave scattering
length of the lowest potentials to be
\unit[112(14)]{a_0}, \unit[58(6)]{a_0} and -\unit[7(20)]{a_0} for S=6, 4,
and 2, respectively, where a_{0}=\unit[0.0529]{nm}.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl
Experimental studies of the NaCs 12(0+) [7¹Σ+] state
We present results from experimental studies of the 11(0+) and 12(0+) electronic states of the NaCs molecule. An optical-optical double resonance method is used to obtain Doppler-free excitation spectra. Selected data from the 11(0+) and 12(0+) high-lying electronic states are used to obtain Rydberg-Klein-Rees and Inverse Perturbation Approach potential energy curves. Interactions between these two electronic states are evident in the patterns observed in the bound-bound and bound-free fluorescence spectra. A model, based on two separate interaction mechanisms, is presented to describe how the wavefunctions of the two states mix. The electronic parts of the wavefunctions interact via spin-orbit coupling, while the individual rotation-vibration levels interact via a second mechanism, which is likely to be non-adiabatic coupling. A modified version of the BCONT program was used to simulate resolved fluorescence from both upper states. Parameters of the model that describe the two interaction mechanisms were varied until simulations were able to adequately reproduce experimental spectra.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (grant no. PHY-0968898)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (grant no. PHY-1403060)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (grant no. CHE–1361865
Spin-dipole induced lifetime of the least-bound quintet sigma state of He(2S)+He(2S)
The properties of the least-bound vibrational level (v=14) of the quintet
sigma state formed during the ultracold collision of two spin-polarized
metastable helium atoms are crucial to studies of photoassociation spectroscopy
of metastable helium. We report a calculation of the autoionization lifetime of
this state induced by spin-dipole coupling of the quintet sigma state to the
singlet sigma state from which Penning and associative ionization processes are
highly probable. We find a lifetime of about 150 microseconds, significantly
larger than the recent experimental estimates of (4-5) microseconds.Comment: REVTEX4, four double-column page
Phonons in the multiferroic langasite BaNbFeSiO : evidences for symmetry breaking
The chiral langasite BaNbFeSiO is a multiferroic
compound. While its magnetic order below T=27 K is now well characterised,
its polar order is still controversial. We thus looked at the phonon spectrum
and its temperature dependence to unravel possible crystal symmetry breaking.
We combined optical measurements (both infrared and Raman spectroscopy) with ab
initio calculations and show that signatures of a polar state are clearly
present in the phonon spectrum even at room temperature. An additional symmetry
lowering occurs below 120~K as seen from emergence of softer phonon modes in
the THz range. These results confirm the multiferroic nature of this langasite
and open new routes to understand the origin of the polar state
Formation of collective spins in frustrated clusters
Using magnetization, specific heat and neutron scattering measurements, as
well as exact calculations on realistic models, the magnetic properties of the
\lacuvo compound are characterized on a wide temperature range. At high
temperature, this oxide is well described by strongly correlated atomic =1/2
spins while decreasing the temperature it switches to a set of weakly
interacting and randomly distributed entangled pseudo spins and
. These pseudo-spins are built over frustrated clusters, similar to
the kagom\'e building block, at the vertices of a triangular superlattice, the
geometrical frustration intervening then at different scales.Comment: 10 page
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