Lepidoptera Recorded From the Islands of Western Lake Erie, With a Brief Account of Geology and Flora

A list of Lepidoptera from the islands of western Lake Erie is presented along with a brief account of the geology, flora, and human activities in the area. The checklist contains 169 species representing 27 families. Suggestions are made for the improvement of this preliminary checklist as well as for future research

Determination of the magnitude and duration of penicillin serum levels in swine following a single intramuscular injection of procaine penicillin G and benzathine penicillin G

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1986 H87Master of ScienceClinical Science

Growth of adult Florida largemouth bass in two small impoundments in Tennessee

During an 18 month study, population and growth data were taken from 485 captures of Florida largemouth bass in two small Tennessee impoundments. Population densities of bass greater than 15.0 cm were estimated at 15 per ha in York Lake and 74 per ha in Lake Dickerson. Age analysis revealed the year-classes 1975 through 1980 in York Lake and 1976 through 1980 in Lake Dickerson. The mean back-calculated lengths achieved by York Lake bass (48 fish) at annuli 1 through 4 were 15.6 cm, 30.2 cm, 38.2 cm, and 42.6 cm, respectively. Mean back-calculated size at annuli and annual increments in both length and weight were greater for York Lake bass than Lake Dickerson bass (145 fish) at each age. Annual instantaneous growth rates, the von Bertalanffy growth coefficient (K), and the coefficient of condition (C) were all greater for York Lake bass than Lake Dickerson bass. The growth of the Florida largemouth was compared to published reports of northern largemouth bass growth in Tennessee and surrounding states. Apparently, population density in relation to available forage was the major limiting factor on the Florida largemouth growth, rather than the shorter growing seasons and colder temperatures of Tennessee

The human silent information regulator (Sir)2 homologue hSIRT3 is a mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase.

The yeast silent information regulator (Sir)2 protein links cellular metabolism and transcriptional silencing through its nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylase activity. We report that mitochondria from mammalian cells contain intrinsic NAD-dependent deacetylase activity. This activity is inhibited by the NAD hydrolysis product nicotinamide, but not by trichostatin A, consistent with a class III deacetylase. We identify this deacetylase as the nuclear-encoded human Sir2 homologue hSIRT3, and show that hSIRT3 is located within the mitochondrial matrix. Mitochondrial import of hSIRT3 is dependent on an NH2-terminal amphipathic alpha-helix rich in basic residues. hSIRT3 is proteolytically processed in the mitochondrial matrix to a 28-kD product. This processing can be reconstituted in vitro with recombinant mitochondrial matrix processing peptidase (MPP) and is inhibited by mutation of arginines 99 and 100. The unprocessed form of hSIRT3 is enzymatically inactive and becomes fully activated in vitro after cleavage by MPP. These observations demonstrate the existence of a latent class III deacetylase that becomes catalytically activated upon import into the human mitochondria

Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationJP-10 is a synthetic fuel with high volumetric energy content. One problem with JP-10, is that its combustion kinetics can be too slow for efficient combustion in hypersonic flight applications. Chapter 2 presents a study on the thermal breakdown and catalytic combustion of JP-10 fuel using CeO 2 (ceria) nanoparticles, in a flow tube reactor. In-situ mass spectrometry was used to analyze decomposition products. In the absence of O2, CeO2 efficiently oxidizes JP-10, reducing decomposition onset temperatures by 300 K over that in a clean flow tube. Under conditions with O2 and CeO2 present, oxidation of JP-10 was found to be catalytic; i.e., oxidation is initiated by reaction of JP-10 with CeO2, which is then reoxidized by O2. Boron is of interest as a high energy density fuel as it has one of the highest volumetric heats of combustion known. A major difficulty in getting boron to burn efficiently is that boron surfaces are protected by a native oxide layer. Chapter 3 presents a simple, scalable, one-step, one-pot synthesis method for producing ∼50 nm boron nanoparticles that are largely unoxidized, made soluble in hydrocarbons through oleic acid functionalization, and optionally coated with ceria. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to investigate size distributions, with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to probe the surface chemistry. Cryogenic methane has been proposed as a fuel for use in hypersonic engines, due to its relatively high energy content; however its poor ignition performance needs to be addressed through use of catalysts. Chapters 4 and 5 investigate the composition, structure, and surface chemistry of several types of Pd/PdO based nano-catalysts designed to be fuel soluble. A combination of high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), electron diffraction, scanning transmission electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (STEM/EDX), and XPS were used. In-situ generated particles were found to be primarily crystalline, metallic Pd, in a narrow size distribution around 8 nm. The ignition temperature was lowered ∼150 K by the catalyst, and evidence is presented showing that ignition is correlated with formation of a subnanometer oxidized Pd surface layer at higher temperatures

Predecir la distribución de un ecosistema cada vez más vulnerable : el pasado, el presente y el futuro de los bosques de Polylepis

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo predecir la distribución actual de especies y bosques de Polylepis, la distribución durante el Último Máximo Glacial (LGM) y los cambios en la distribución de especies resultantes del doble de CO2 atmosférico. La distribución actual, LGM y futura como resultado del cambio climático se pronosticaron para 21 especies de Polylepis utilizando el algoritmo Maxent sobre América del Sur. Se utilizaron varias capas ambientales, incluidos los datos de detección remota climática, óptica y de microondas, para escenarios climáticos particulares. Se pronostica que la contracción del rango se producirá para la mayoría de las especies, desde el LGM hasta el clima futuro.This research aimed to predict current Polylepis species and woodland distribution, distribution during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and changes in species distribution resulting from doubled atmospheric CO2. Regions of high Polylepis species richness were characterized, as well as the extent Polylepis woodlands within international and national protected areas throughout the region. Current, LGM, and future distribution as a result of doubled atmospheric CO2 were predicted for 21 species of Polylepis using the Maxent algorithm over South America. Several environmental layers, including climate, optical, and microwave remote sensing data, were used for particular climate scenarios. Range contraction was predicted to occur for most species, from LGM to future climate, as a result of upslope range shifts to smaller land area as a result of increasing annual temperatures. However, the expansion several species ranges were predicted to occur within the Altiplano of Peru and Bolivia as greater land area becomes available. This is contrary to most models of climate change that solely predict contraction in mountain regions. The sites of highest Polylepis species richness did not closely match the current location of protected areas, indicating that the expansion and addition of protected areas are necessary to preserve key areas of high altitude tropical ecosystems. Overall, the management of remaining Polylepis woodlands must take into account the natural distribution of Polylepis species and their response to future climate change to protect this vulnerable ecosystem and the flora, fauna, and human populations that depend on them.Tesi

Joint Sophomore Composition Recital:Roy Magnuson & Brian Bromberg

Kemp Recital Hall Monday Evening March 31, 2003 6:00p.m

Sequencing and analysis of the gastrula transcriptome of the brittle star Ophiocoma wendtii

Background The gastrula stage represents the point in development at which the three primary germ layers diverge. At this point the gene regulatory networks that specify the germ layers are established and the genes that define the differentiated states of the tissues have begun to be activated. These networks have been well-characterized in sea urchins, but not in other echinoderms. Embryos of the brittle star Ophiocoma wendtii share a number of developmental features with sea urchin embryos, including the ingression of mesenchyme cells that give rise to an embryonic skeleton. Notable differences are that no micromeres are formed during cleavage divisions and no pigment cells are formed during development to the pluteus larval stage. More subtle changes in timing of developmental events also occur. To explore the molecular basis for the similarities and differences between these two echinoderms, we have sequenced and characterized the gastrula transcriptome of O. wendtii. Methods Development of Ophiocoma wendtii embryos was characterized and RNA was isolated from the gastrula stage. A transcriptome data base was generated from this RNA and was analyzed using a variety of methods to identify transcripts expressed and to compare those transcripts to those expressed at the gastrula stage in other organisms. Results Using existing databases, we identified brittle star transcripts that correspond to 3,385 genes, including 1,863 genes shared with the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus gastrula transcriptome. We characterized the functional classes of genes present in the transcriptome and compared them to those found in this sea urchin. We then examined those members of the germ-layer specific gene regulatory networks (GRNs) of S. purpuratus that are expressed in the O. wendtii gastrula. Our results indicate that there is a shared ‘genetic toolkit’ central to the echinoderm gastrula, a key stage in embryonic development, though there are also differences that reflect changes in developmental processes. Conclusions The brittle star expresses genes representing all functional classes at the gastrula stage. Brittle stars and sea urchins have comparable numbers of each class of genes and share many of the genes expressed at gastrulation. Examination of the brittle star genes in which sea urchin orthologs are utilized in germ layer specification reveals a relatively higher level of conservation of key regulatory components compared to the overall transcriptome. We also identify genes that were either lost or whose temporal expression has diverged from that of sea urchins