A Renormalisation Group Study of Three Dimensional Turbulence

We study the three dimensional Navier-Stokes equation with a random Gaussian force acting on large wavelengths. Our work has been inspired by Polyakov's analysis of steady states of two dimensional turbulence. We investigate the time evolution of the probability law of the velocity potential. Assuming that this probability law is initially defined by a statistical field theory in the basin of attraction of a renormalisation fixed point, we show that its time evolution is obtained by averaging over small scale features of the velocity potential. The probability law of the velocity potential converges to the fixed point in the long time regime. At the fixed point, the scaling dimension of the velocity potential is determined to be ${-{4\over 3}}$. We give conditions for the existence of such a fixed point of the renormalisation group describing the long time behaviour of the velocity potential. At this fixed point, the energy spectrum of three dimensional turbulence coincides with a Kolmogorov spectrum.Comment: 8 pages , tex fil

The Supermoduli Space of Matrix String Theory

We study matrix string scattering amplitudes and matrix string instantons on a marked Riemann surface in the limit of a vanishing string coupling constant. We give an explicit parameterization of the moduli space of such instantons. We also give a description of the set of fermionic supermoduli. The integration over the supermoduli leads to the inclusion of picture changing operators at the interaction points. Finally we investigate the large N limit of the measure on the instanton moduli space and show its convergence to the Weil-Petersson measure on the moduli space of marked Riemann surfaces.Comment: 30 Pages, Latex, 2 Postscript figure

Open Supermembranes Coupled to M-Theory Five-Branes

We consider open supermembranes in eleven dimensions in the presence of closed M-Theory five-branes. It has been shown that, in a flat space-time, the world-volume action is kappa invariant and preserves a fraction of the eleven dimensional supersymmetries if the boundaries of the membranes lie on the five-branes. We calculate the reparametrisation anomalies due to the chiral fermions on the boundaries of the membrane and examine their cancellation mechanism. We show that these anomalies cancel with the aid of a classical term in the world-volume action, provided that the tensions of the five-brane and the membrane are related to the eleven dimensional gravitational constant in a way already noticed in M-Theory.Comment: Latex, 14 page

Cosmological Evolution on Self-Tuned Branes and the Cosmological Constant

We consider the cosmological evolution of a bulk scalar field and ordinary matter living on the brane world in the light of the constraints imposed by the matter dominated cosmological evolution and a small cosmological constant now. We rule out models with a self-tuned minimum of the four dimensional potential as they would lead to rapid oscillations of the Hubble parameter now. A more natural framework is provided by supergravity in singular spaces where the brane coupling and the bulk potential are related by supersymmetry leading to a four dimensional run-away potential. For late times we obtain an accelerating universe due to the breaking of supersymmetry on the brane with an acceleration parameter of q_0=-4/7 and associated equation of state omega=-5/7.Comment: 24 pages, JHEP styl

Supersymmetric Flat Directions and Analytic Gauge Invariants

We review some aspects of the correspondence between analytic gauge invariants and supersymmetric flat directions for vanishing D-terms and propose a criterion to include the F-term constraints.Comment: 8 pages, Late

Models with Inverse Sfermion Mass Hierarchy and Decoupling of the SUSY FCNC Effects

We study the decoupling of the first two squark and slepton families in order to lower the flavour changing neutral current effects. Models with inverse sfermion mass hierarchy based upon gauged U(1) flavour symmetries provide a natural framework where decoupling can be implemented. Decoupling requires a large gap between the Fermi scale and the supersymmetry breaking scale. Maintaining the electroweak symmetry breaking at the Fermi scale requires some fine-tuning that we investigate by solving the two-loop renormalization group equations. We show that the two-loop effects are governed by the anomaly compensated by the Green-Schwarz mechanism and can be determined from the quark and lepton masses. The electroweak breaking constraints lead to a small $\mu$ scenario where the LSP is Higgsino-like.Comment: 19 pages, Latex, 1 Postscript figur

Quintessence Model Building

A short review of some of the aspects of quintessence model building is presented. We emphasize the role of tracking models and their possible supersymmetric origin.Comment: 14 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the sixth workshop of the American University of Pari

Exponentially Small Couplings between Twisted Fields of Orbifold String Theories

We investigate the natural occurence of exponentially small couplings in effective field theories deduced from higher dimensional models. We calculate the coupling between twisted fields of the Z_3 Abelian orbifold compactification of the heterotic string. Due to the propagation of massive Kaluza-Klein modes between the fixed points of the orbifold, the massless twisted fields located at these singular points become weakly coupled. The resulting small couplings have an exponential dependence on the mass of the intermediate states and the distance between the fixed points.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figure