1,563 research outputs found
KNOWING THE ELECTORAL PREFERENCE THROUGH POPULARITY ON FACEBOOK (CONOCIENDO LA PREFERENCIA ELECTORAL A TRAVĂS DE LA POPULARIDAD EN FACEBOOK)
AbstractThis study examines the possibility of identifying the political-electoral trend of a presidential election based on the popularity of candidates on Facebook. We collected data from Facebook accounts of the four candidates to Mexicoâs Presidential in 2012, and we analyzed the data against the election result of July 1, 2012. We found a positive relationship between the number of friends and votes, corroborating previous research. Moreover, we introduced the number of times the Facebook like button was clicked by friends as a variable to measure the voting trends, finding that it has a stronger correlation with votes.Keywords: elections, political-electoral trend, political participation, popularity, social network sites.ResumenEste estudio examina la posibilidad de identificar la tendencia polĂtico-electoral de una elecciĂłn presidencial a partir de la popularidad de los candidatos en Facebook. Se recolectaron datos de las cuentas en Facebook de los cuatro candidatos a la Presidencial de MĂ©xico en 2012 y se analizaron contra los resultados electorales del primero de Julio del 2012. Se encontrĂł una relaciĂłn positiva entre el nĂșmero de amigos y los votos conseguidos en la elecciĂłn, corroborando investigaciones previas. AdemĂĄs, se introdujo la cantidad de veces que los amigos hicieron clic en el botĂłn me gusta de Facebook como una variable para medir la tendencia electoral, obteniendo una mayor correlaciĂłn con los votos.Palabras Claves: elecciones, participaciĂłn polĂtica, popularidad, sitio de redes sociales, tendencia polĂtico-electoral
Contents and Spatial Distribution of Arsenic in Vineyard Soils in Mediterranean Environment
This study presents the contents and
spatial distribution of arsenic (As) in vineyard soils
from the Valdepeñas Protected Designation Origin
(PDO) in central Spain. As content varies within the
108.40â0.03 mg·kgâ1 range in surface horizons, and
within 151.00â0.03 mg·kgâ1 in subsurface horizons.
The mean value of both horizons is similar: 4.25 and
4.88 mg·kgâ1, respectively. Based on optimal spatial
interpolation, the spatial distribution of As in soils
was mapped by the IDV method. A simple data and
map analysis suggests that pedogeogenic sources are
the main sources for As (the As distribution tends to
match the lithology and soil types), which indicates
minor anthropogenic sources, mainly by agricultural sector activities. Only a high As concentration
appears in the NE area, where sporadic moderate contamination is estimated based on Dutch criteria. The
data obtained from the study area provide a broader
view of the concentration, distribution, enrichment,
sources, and the potential environmental contamination by As in the vineyard soils of this large winegrowing zone. The assessment of the results indicates that As does not afect agriculture (vineyards) in the
study area because its concentrations are low in the
soil types used by agriculture. These data can be
employed as a guide to learn the range of values in
vineyard soils in the European Mediterranean Region
that are relatively unpolluted from industrial sources
to make comparisons to more polluted areasOpen Access funding provided thanks to the
CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This research
was supported by the Valdepeñas Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) âDenominaciĂłn de Origen Valdepeñas AsociaciĂłn
Interprofesionalâ (project number UCTR180065
Characteristics of vineyard soils derived from Plio-Quaternary landforms (raña or rañizo) in southern Europe
Soil is an essential component in viticulture. The study reported here concerns
the assessment of the morphology chemical and physicochemical features of
typical, well-developed and representative evolved Mediterranean soils near
Anchuras (Spain, southern Europe), a site with soils that developed on old
landforms (Plio-Quaternary) called ârañaâ and/or ârañizoâ. The soils under
study were described and sampled by conducting soil surveys. Selected soil
properties, such as texture, bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and contents of organic matter, nutrients, etc.,
were analysed using standard procedures. The results showed that these landscape surfaces were, linked with specific soil properties such as low pH (from
4.4 to 5.3) and EC (from 0.15 to 0.02 dSm 1
), clay contents (20.1%â48.8%), high
CEC (26â39 cmol/kg), and low base saturation values (from 11.2% to 17.2%),
and have an adequate and singular pedological potential in relation to the âterroirâ or âterronâ concepts that meet suitability criteria. Furthermore, the information provided by this study, fundamentally through the weathering indices,
supports the role of soil-forming factors and their influence on soil properties.
In addition, as these landforms and underlying materials have abundant and
extensive rock fragments, the role of these soils in the context of vineyard
growth and development has been investigatedThis research was supported by the Winerin Eldoze (Project
number UCTR180065
A morphological approach to evaluating the nature of vineyard soils in semiarid Mediterranean environment
La Mancha (Central Spain) is one of the most extensive vineyard regions in the world, and âValdepeñasâ is a representative Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO) in this region. However, what are their main soil types? what kind of horizons are the most common? and what is the role of the geomorphological positions in their pedodiversity? After describing and sampling 90 soil profiles in this area, Alfisols, Inceptisols and Entisols were mainly identified in Soil Taxonomy terms; in other words, Luvisols, Cambisols, Regosols, Leptosols and a highly significant proportion of Calcisols according to FAO-UNESCO-ISSS. The accumulation of carbonate, the thickness of which varies from a diffuse or powdery form to crusted forms, appear sometimes like polycyclic. The presence of red soils, with or without a calcic or petrocalcic horizon, indicates the most representative edaphic stages in this region. Consequently, the morphological signature is calcic or petrocalcic, followed by argillic and/or cambic horizons, under ochric horizons. It can be concluded that the nature of soils in Valdepeñas can be considered a differential factor to bear in mind for quality viticultural production. Highlights: There are unknown conceptual zones in support production of wine. A comprehensive study in a local case was performed due to its traditional production of vineyards. This study highlights the importance and uniqueness of the calcic and petrocalcic horizons. A disconnect exists between some tradicional viticultural zones with low reputation and the real value of their soil
Modulation of Escherichia coli Translation by the Specific Inactivation of tRNAGly Under Oxidative Stress
Bacterial oxidative stress responses are generally controlled by transcription factors that modulate the synthesis of RNAs with the aid of some sRNAs that control the stability, and in some cases the translation, of specific mRNAs. Here, we report that oxidative stress additionally leads to inactivation of tRNAGly in Escherichia coli, inducing a series of physiological changes. The observed inactivation of tRNAGly correlated with altered efficiency of translation of Gly codons, suggesting a possible mechanism of translational control of gene expression under oxidative stress. Changes in translation also depended on the availability of glycine, revealing a mechanism whereby bacteria modulate the response to oxidative stress according to the prevailing metabolic state of the cells
Modulation of \u3cem\u3eEscherichia coli\u3c/em\u3e Translation by the Specific Inactivation of tRNA\u3csup\u3eGly\u3c/sup\u3e Under Oxidative Stress
Bacterial oxidative stress responses are generally controlled by transcription factors that modulate the synthesis of RNAs with the aid of some sRNAs that control the stability, and in some cases the translation, of specific mRNAs. Here, we report that oxidative stress additionally leads to inactivation of tRNAGly in Escherichia coli, inducing a series of physiological changes. The observed inactivation of tRNAGly correlated with altered efficiency of translation of Gly codons, suggesting a possible mechanism of translational control of gene expression under oxidative stress. Changes in translation also depended on the availability of glycine, revealing a mechanism whereby bacteria modulate the response to oxidative stress according to the prevailing metabolic state of the cells
Metagenomic analysis of viruses, bacteria and protozoa in irrigation water
[EN] Viruses (e.g., noroviruses and hepatitis A and E virus), bacteria (e.g., Salmonella spp. and pathogenic Escherichia coli) and protozoa (e.g., Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia intestinalis) are well-known contributors to food-borne illnesses linked to contaminated fresh produce. As agricultural irrigation increases the total amount of water used annually, reclaimed water is a good alternative to reduce dependency on conventional irrigation water sources. European guidelines have established acceptable concentrations of certain pathogens and/or indicators in irrigation water, depending on the irrigation system used and the irrigated crop. However, the incidences of food-borne infections are known to be underestimated and all the different pathogens contributing to these infections are not known. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) enables the determination of the viral, bacterial and protozoan populations present in a water sample, providing an opportunity to detect emerging pathogens and develop improved tools for monitoring the quality of irrigation water. This is a descriptive study of the virome, bacteriome and parasitome present in different irrigation water sources. We applied the same concentration method for all the studied samples and specific metagenomic approaches to characterize both DNA and RNA viruses, bacteria and protozoa.
In general, most of the known viral species corresponded to plant viruses and bacteriophages. Viral diversity in river water varied over the year, with higher bacteriophage prevalences during the autumn and winter. Reservoir water contained Enterobacter cloacae, an opportunistic human pathogen and an indicator of fecal contamination, as well as Naegleria australiensis and Naegleria clarki. Hepatitis E virus and Naegleria fowleri, emerging human pathogens, were detected in groundwater. Reclaimed water produced in a constructed wetland system presented a virome and bacteriome that resembled those of freshwater samples (river and reservoir water). Viral, bacterial and protozoan pathogens were occasionally detected in the different irrigation water sources included in this study, justifying the use of improved NGS techniques to get a comprehensive evaluation of microbial species and potential environmental health hazards associated to irrigation water.This work was supported through a grant funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) in the frame of the collaborative international consortium JPIW2013-095-C03-01, JPIW2013-095-C03-02 and JPIW2013-095-C03-03 of the Water Challenges for a Changing World Joint Programming Initiative (Water JPI) Pilot Call and partially by AGL2017-86797-C2-1-R. Silvia Bofill-Mas is a Serra-Hunter fellow at the University of Barcelona.Rusiñol, M.; Martinez-Puchol, S.; Timoneda, N.; Fernandez-Cassi, X.; Pérez-Cataluña, A.; Fernåndez-Bravo, A.; Moreno-Mesonero, L.... (2020). Metagenomic analysis of viruses, bacteria and protozoa in irrigation water. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. 224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.113440S22
Headache, Delirium or Encephalitis?:A Case of Residual Mutism Secondary to Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis
Encephalitis is a heterogeneous syndrome that is diagnosed through clinical assessment and the assistance of laboratory, neuroimaging and electroencephalographic workup. Over the past 10 years, autoimmune encephalitis has been more frequently recognized; however, most reports come from highly specialized hospital settings. Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NDMAR) encephalitis has been associated with paraneoplastic encephalitis syndromes and was first recognized in 2005. We present the case of a 34-year-old male patient who debuted clinically with a headache associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms (i.e., visual and auditory hallucinations, anxiety, aggressiveness) and memory deficits, progressing to autonomic dysfunction (i.e., tachycardia and hypertension), seizures, and stupor with catatonic features. Initially, infectious, metabolic, and toxicological etiologies were excluded; followed by the assessment of immunological and paraneoplastic etiologies, yielding positive IgG levels for anti-NMDAR antibodies. The patient was treated successfully with systemic steroid therapy and therapeutic plasmapheresis, while mutism was the only sequela. Although large case series reporting on paraneoplastic and autoimmune anti-NMDAR encephalitis have been reported in the literature in recent years, this case is of particular importance due to the stepwise differential diagnosis and treatment management procedure that was used in a regional but not highly specialized hospital setting
Socioeconomic, Clinical, and Molecular Features of Breast Cancer Influence Overall Survival of Latin American Women
Molecular profile of breast cancer in Latin-American women was studied in five countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay. Data about socioeconomic characteristics, risk factors, prognostic factors, and molecular subtypes were described, and the 60- month overall cumulative survival probabilities (OS) were estimated. From 2011 to 2013, 1,300 eligible Latin-American women 18 years or older, with a diagnosis of breast cancer in clinical stage II or III, and performance status âŠÌž 1 were invited to participate in a prospective cohort study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted, and clinical and outcome data, including death, were extracted from medical records. Unadjusted associations were evaluated by Chi-squared and Fisherâs exact tests and the OS by KaplanâMeier method. Log-rank test was used to determine differences between cumulative probability curves. Multivariable adjustment was carried out by entering potential confounders in the Cox regression model. The OS at 60 months was 83.9%. Multivariable-adjusted death hazard differences were found for women living in Argentina (2.27), Chile (1.95), and Uruguay (2.42) compared with Mexican women, for older (â„60 years) (1.84) compared with younger (â€40 years) women, for basal-like subtype (5.8), luminal B (2.43), and HER2-enriched (2.52) compared with luminal A subtype, and for tumor clinical stages IIB (1.91), IIIA (3.54), and IIIB (3.94) compared with stage IIA women. OS was associated with country of residence, PAM50 intrinsic subtype, age, and tumor stage at diagnosis. While the latter is known to be influenced by access to care, including cancer screening, timely diagnosis and treatment, including access to more effective treatment protocols, it may also influence epigenetic changes that, potentially, impact molecular subtypes. Data derived from heretofore understudied populations with unique geographic ancestry and sociocultural experiences are critical to furthering our understanding of this complexity.Fil: de Almeida, Liz MarĂa. Instituto Nacional de CĂąncer; BrasilFil: CortĂ©s, Sandra. Pontificia Universidad CatĂłlica de Chile; ChileFil: Vilensky, Marta. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de OncologĂa "Ăngel H. Roffo"; ArgentinaFil: Valenzuela, Olivia. Universidad de Sonora; MĂ©xicoFil: Cortes Sanabria, Laura. Hospital de Especialidades Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI; MĂ©xicoFil: de Souza, Mirian. Instituto Nacional de CĂąncer; BrasilFil: Barbeito, Rafael Alonso. Universidad de la RepĂșblica; UruguayFil: Abdelhay, Eliana. Instituto Nacional de CĂąncer; BrasilFil: Artagaveytia, Nora. Universidad de la Republica; UruguayFil: Daneri Navarro, Adrian. Universidad de Guadalajara; MĂ©xicoFil: Llera, Andrea Sabina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones BioquĂmicas de Buenos Aires. FundaciĂłn Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones BioquĂmicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: MĂŒller, Bettina. Instituto Nacional del CĂĄncer; ChileFil: Podhajcer, Osvaldo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones BioquĂmicas de Buenos Aires. FundaciĂłn Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones BioquĂmicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Velazquez, Carlos. Universidad de Sonora; MĂ©xicoFil: Alcoba, Elsa. Hospital Maria Curie; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Isabel. Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell; UruguayFil: Bravo, Alicia I.. Hospital Higa Eva PerĂłn; ArgentinaFil: Camejo, Natalia. Universidad de la RepĂșblica; UruguayFil: Carraro, Dirce Maria. A. C. Camargo Cancer Center; BrasilFil: Castro, MĂłnica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de OncologĂa "Ăngel H. Roffo"; ArgentinaFil: Cataldi, Sandra. Instituto Nacional del CĂĄncer; UruguayFil: Cayota, Alfonso. Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Cerda, Mauricio. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Colombo, Alicia. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Crocamo, Susanne. Instituto Nacional de CĂąncer; BrasilFil: Silva-Garcia, Aida A.. Universidad de Guadalajara; MĂ©xicoFil: Viña, Stella. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de OncologĂa "Ăngel H. Roffo"; ArgentinaFil: Zagame, Livia. Instituto Jalisciense de CancerologĂa; MĂ©xicoFil: Jones, Beth. University of Yale; Estados UnidosFil: Szklo, MoysĂ©s. University Johns Hopkins; Estados Unido
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