Uporedni prikaz kvaliteta svinjskih trupova primenom nekih savremenih metoda ocene

In this paper quality of carcasses/carcass sides and meat from 5 different pig genotypes was comparably evaluated. Quality of carcass sides was evaluated prior to slaughtering in vivo (SONOMARK SM 100 M), early post mortem on slaughter line (FOM), by method of two points (ZP - ZWEIPUNKT) as well as method of partial dissection on cold left carcass sides according to EU recommendations. By analysis of obtained results it can be concluded that fatteners of type E (LW x SL) x P had the highest meat yield in carcass sides (61,90; 62,40; 58,85 and 58,89%) by any other mentioned methods of evaluation compared to average meat yield in carcass sides of other investigated genotypes. Average yield of muscle tissue in carcasses of pigs of E genotype (LW x SL) x P (58,89%) established by method of partial dissection was statistically considerably higher (*p (lt) 0,05) than the average (56,06%) meat yield in carcasses of pigs of genotype D, very significantly higher (**p (lt) 0,01) than average (57,01%) meat yield in carcasses of pigs of genotype C and very highly significantly higher (***p (lt) 0,001) than average (51,30%) meat yield in carcasses of pigs of genotype A. The quality of meat was also investigated comparably by determining its technological quality and chemical composition of MLD in investigated genotypes of pigs. Technological quality and chemical composition of MLD demonstrated significant (*p (lt) 0,05) differences in WBC and pigment content between genotypes B and C and B and E. Average values for content of ashes and share of pigment are in accordance with average values which characterize muscles of normal traits. By analysis of obtained results we conclude that fatteners of genotype E (LW x SL) x P had the highest meat yield in carcass sides (61,90; 62,40; 58,85 and 58,89%), but quality was slightly decreased which indicates need for further improvement of meat quality.U radu je izvršeno komparativno ocenjivanje kvaliteta trupova/polutki i mesa 5 različitih genotipova svinja. Kvalitet polutki ocenjen je na živim životinjama pre klanja in-vivo SONOMARK SM 100 M), rano post mortem na liniji klanja (FOM), metodom dve tačke (ZP - ZWEI-PUNKT) kao i metodom parcijalne disekcije na ohlađenim levim polutkama po preporuci EU. Analizom dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da su tovljenici genotipa E (VJ x ŠL) x P imali najveći prinos mesa u polutkama (61,90; 62,40; 58,85 i 58,89%) pri korišćenju bilo koje od navedenih metoda ocene u poređenju sa prosečnim prinosom mesa u polutkama svinja ostalih ispitivanih genotipova. Prosečan prinos mišićnog tkiva u trupovima svinja genotipa E (VJ x ŠL) x P (58,89%) ustanovljen primenom metode parcijalne disekcije statistički značajno veći (*p (lt) 0,05) od prosečnog (56,06%) prinosa mesa u trupovima svinja genotipa D, vrlo značajno veći (**p (lt) 0,01) od prosečnog (57,01%) prinosa mesa u trupovima svinja genotipa C i vrlo visoko značajno veći (* **p (lt) 0,001) od prosečnog (51,30%) prinosa mesa u trupovima svinja genotipa A. Ispitan je komparativno i kvalitet mesa određivanjem tehnološkog kvaliteta i hemijskog sastava MLD-a ispitivanih genotipova svinja Tehnološki kvalitet i hemijski sastav mesa MLD-a ispoljio je značajne (*p (lt) 0,05) razlike u SVV i sadržaju pigmenata između genotipova B i C i B i E. Prosečne vrednosti za sadržaj pepela i udeo pigmenata odgovara prosečnim vrednostima koje karakteriše mišiće normalnih svojstava. Analizom dobijenih rezultata zaključujemo da su tovljenici genotipa E (VJ x ŠL) x P imali najveći prinos mesa u polutkama (61,90; 62,40; 58,85 i58,89%), no nešto umanjenog kvaliteta, što iziskuje dalji rad na poboljšanju kvaliteta mesa

Mineral contents in pork and edible offal from indigenous pigs

Meat is one of the most nutritious foods that humans can consume, and is defined as the flesh (skeletal muscles) of animals used as food. In addition to protein and fat, meat is a significant source of several micronutrients (minerals and vitamins). Edible offal is also a form of meat which is used as food, but which is not skeletal muscles, and in general possesses higher contents of some micronutrients, especially minerals and vitamins, than muscular tissue. Minerals are the inorganic elements other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, which remain behind in the ash when food is incinerated. They are usually divided into two groups – macrominerals (main elements) and microminerals (trace elements) or into three groups – main elements (macrominerals), trace elements (microminerals) and ultra-trace elements. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the existing literature on the content of nine most abundant minerals (potassium, phosphorous, sodium, magnesium, calcium, zinc, iron, copper and manganese) in the major raw pork meat cuts (tenderloin, ham, loin and shoulder) and edible offal (tongue, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidney, brain and spinal cord) from indigenous pigs. The mineral levels in raw pork meat and pig edible offal are variable, ranging from 175.7 to 463.8 mg/100g for potassium; 159 to 502.0 mg/100g for phosphorous; 38.11 to 158.4 mg/100g for sodium; 8.3 to 28.5 mg/100g for magnesium; 4.61 to 26.02 mg/100g for calcium; 0.67 to 6.47 mg/100g for zinc; 0.55 to 45.59 mg/100g for iron; 0.10 to 0.825 mg/100g for copper; and from 0.0038 to 0.338 mg/100g for manganese. Keywords: minerals, pork, edible offal, indigenous pig

Subconjunctival Infection due to Dirofilaria Repens - Case Report

Summary The aim of the survey was to present the clinical course and surgical treatment of the first case of human ocular dirofilariosis on the territory of the city of Niš, in the southeast Serbia. Male patient, 57 years old, visited an ophthalmologist because of extreme swelling and redness of the eyelids of the right eye, scratches and pain in his right eye. On standard examination on biomicroscope, temporally 3 mm from the limbus, intrapalpebrally, a mobile parasite was observed in the subconjunctival space. Complete extraction of the living parasites, 13 cm long, was performed. A sample of the nematode based on morphological and morphometric characteristics was identified as Dirofilaria repens-like. The diagnosis was confirmed with molecular methods. For ocular dirofilariosis, surgical methods and complete extraction of the parasite are the only ways to achieve complete recovery

Cadmium in liver and kidneys of domestic Balkan and Alpine dairy goat breeds from Montenegro and Serbia

Concentrations of cadmium (Cd) were determined in the samples of 144 animals around 1 and of 144 animals around 4years old. Cd was analysed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), after microwave digestion. Cd concentrations were higher (p lt 0.05) in kidney than in liver and higher (p lt 0.05) in older animals than in young ones. In domestic Balkan goat which was raised in a free-ranged system Cd accumulation was lower (p lt 0.05) than in Alpine goat raised in an intensive production system. Geographic region did influence Cd accumulation only in older animals. Higher Cd levels (p lt 0.05) were determined in goats from Serbia. The highest obtained Cd concentrations in both tissues were lower than maximum levels set by European and national legislation for ruminants (cattle and sheep).This is the peer-reviewed version of the following article: Tomović, V.; Jokanović, M.; Tomović, M.; Lazović, M.; Šojić, B.; Škaljac, S.; Ivić, M.; Kocić-Tanackov, S.; Tomašević, I.; Martinović, A. Cadmium in Liver and Kidneys of Domestic Balkan and Alpine Dairy Goat Breeds from Montenegro and Serbia. Food Additives & Contaminants Part B-Surveillance 2017, 10 (2), 137–142. https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2017.1282987

Cadmium levels of edible offal from Saanen goat male kids

Concentration of cadmium was investigated in the heart, tongue, lungs, spleen, liver, kidney, testis, brain and thymus of 15 Saanen goat male kids. This element was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), after microwave digestion. The cadmium concentration was significantly influenced by the type of edible offal. Mean cadmium concentrations ranged from 0.018 mg/kg (heart) to 0.114 mg/kg (kidney). The maximum cadmium concentrations found in the kidney (0.133 mg/kg) and liver (0.075 mg/kg) were below maximum levels (1.0 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively) set by legislation for these tissues

Ispitivanje faktora značajnih za rezultate vrednosti randmana klanja muške tovne junadi domaće simenatlske rase i meleza domaće simentalske rase sa limuzinom

Carcass dressing percentage (dressing percentage of two carcass sides) or slaughter dressing percentage is proportional share of carcass, that is carcass sides, in relation to mass prior to slaughtering. Beef carcass consists of two carcass sides, regardless of the sex, on which, after bleeding, skin, head, lower leg parts (in carpal and tarsal joints), internal organs of the pectoral, abdominal and pelvic cavities, sexual organs, kidney and pelvic fat, diaphragm, tail and spinal cord were separated. In order to investigate factors significant for results related to slaughter dressing percentage, experiment with two trial groups of approximately same mass prior to slaughtering was carried out. First trial group consisted of young cattle of Domestic Simmental breed (DS, n=7) average mass of 592,7 kg, and the second group consisted of crossbreds of Domestic Simmental breed and Limousine (DSL, n-7) average mass of 589,9 kg. Mass of warm carcass sides with and without kidney fat, mass of internal organs (kidneys, liver, lungs, heart and spleen), mass of head, tongue, tail, skin and muscle cuts from diaphragm were measured. Based on obtained results it was established that male young cattle - crossbreds of Domestic Simmental breed and Limousine breed achieved better dressing percentage by 4,55% compared to young cattle of Domestic Simmental breed. In case of young cattle of Domestic Simmental breed, proportional share of skin mass was higher by 1,6% compared to crossbreds. Also mass of muscle cuts obtained from diaphragm was higher by 0,09% in case of Domestic Simmental cattle. For remaining investigated anatomical parts no significant differences were determined. Total mass of internal organs of young cattle of Domestic Simmental breed was higher by 0,36% compared to internal organs of crossbreds of Domestic Simmental and Limousine breed. The mass of spleen of young Domestic Simmental cattle was by 0,23% higher in relation to crossbred cattle.U cilju ispitivanja faktora značajnih za rezultate vrednosti randmana klanja, izveden je ogled sa dve grupe junadi približno iste mase pre klanja. Prva grupa junadi domaće simentalske rase (DS, n=7) prosečne mase 592,7 kg, druga grupa junadi melezi domaće simentalske rase sa limuzinom (DSL, n=7) prosečne mase 589,9 kg . Izvršeno je pojedinačno merenje toplih polutki sa i bez bubrežnog loja, mase unutrašnjih organa (bubrezi, jetra, pluća, srce, slezina), mase glave, repa, jezika, kože i obrezaka tj. mišićnih delova od dijafragme. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata istraživanja utvrđeno je da su muška junad meleza domaće simentalske rase sa limuzinom ostvarila veći randman za 4,55% u odnosu na junad domaće simentalske rase. Kod junadi domaće simentalske rase procentualno učešće mase kože je veće za 1,6% u odnosu na meleze domaće simentalske rase sa limuzinom. Takođe i masa mišićnih obrezaka dobijenih od dijafragme je veća za 0,09% kod junadi domaće simentalske rase. Ukupna masa unutrašnjih organa junadi domaće simentalske rase je veća za 0,36% u odnosu na unutrašnje organe meleza domaće simentalske rase sa limuzinom. Posebno je izrazita razlika između masa slezine. Kod junadi domaće simentalske rase masa slezine je veća za 0,23% u odnosu na junad meleza domaće simentalske rase sa limuzinom

Prilog poznavanju uticaja debljine slanine na kvalitet trupova svinja rase Švedski landras

In this paper a comparative research relating to evaluation of the quality of pig carcasses originating from Swedish Landrace was carried out, total of 248 fatteners divided into two groups depending on the back fat thickness on withers and back. Quality was determined by partial dissection of left carcass sides according to procedure recommended by EU. The effect of back fat thickness on withers and back on quality of carcass sides, i.e. its effect on the share of muscle tissue, skin with subcutaneous fat tissue and intermuscular fat tissue in carcass side, was investigated. Obtained data show that exhibited difference in meat yield between groups wasn't statistically significant (P>0,05) in any of the cases. However, by testing the differences in relative yield of skin with subcutaneous fat tissue of leg, share of intermuscular fat tissue of shoulder, LSD and TRS, significance at the level of 5% was determined in fatteners with greater back fat thickness on withers. Observed differences relating to the effect of back fat thickness on share of skin with subcutaneous fat tissue in the carcass were significant and highly significant (*P (lt) 0,05 and **P (lt) 0,01). Positive correlation of medium strength was established (0,66859) between back fat thickness and content of skin with subcutaneous fat tissue. Between the content of intermuscular fat tissue and back fat thickness a strong positive correlation was established (0,76648).U ovom radu je izvršeno komparativno ispitivanje ocene kvaliteta svinjskih trupova poreklom od švedskog landrasa, ukupno 248 tovljenika podeljenih u četiri grupe u zavisnosti od debljine slanine na grebenu i leđima. Kvalitet trupova utvrđen je parcijalnom disekcijom levih polutki prema proceduri preporučenoj u EU. Na osnovu debljine slanine na grebenu i leđima ispitivan je kvalitet svinjskih polutki tj. njihov uticaj na udeo mišićnog tkiva, kože sa potkožno masnim i intermuskularnim masnim tkivom. Dobijeni podaci pokazuju da ispoljena razlika u mesnatosti između grupa statistički nije značajna (P>0,05) ni u jednom slučaju. Međutim, testiranjem razlika relativnog prinosa kože sa potkožnim masnim tkivom u butu, udela intermuskularnog masnog tkiva u plećki, LSD i TRD utvrđena je signifikantnost na nivou 5%, kod tovljenika koji su imali deblju slaninu na grebenu. Uočene razlike uticaja debljine leđne slanine na učešće kože sa potkožnim masnim i intermuskularnim masnim tkivom u trupu su bile značajne i vrlo značajne (*P (lt) 0,05 i **P (lt) 0,01). Ustanovljena je pozitivna korelacija srednje jačine (0,66859) između debljine leđne slanine i sadržaja kože sa potkožno masnim tkivom. Između sadržaja intermuskularnog masnog tkiva i debljine leđne slanine nađena je pozitivna jaka korelacija (0,76648)

Indirektno utvrđivanje mesnatosti trupa

Objective of our research was to determine the correlation between quantity of meat, fat and bones in carcass with same tissues in three rib cut and quantity of muscle tissue in carcass with surface of M. longissimus dorsi. Investigation was carried out on male fattening young bulls of Domestic Spotted breed of average weight prior to slaughtering of 503 kg, and by total dissection total quantity of muscle, fat and bone tissue in carcass was determined. Correlation between mass of muscle tissue in carcass and mass of muscle tissue in three rib cut of carcasses weighing in average 284 kg was r=O.69, which means strong and positive. Correlation coefficient between mass of fat and bone tissue in carcass and mass of fat and bone tissue in three rib cut for same group was r=0.65 for fat tissue and r=0.53 for bone tissue. Correlation between mass of muscle tissue in carcass of average mass of 284 kg and cross section surface of M. longissimus dorsi on cut of 11. rib was r=0.80.Cilj naših istraživanja je bio da se ispita povezanost količine mesa, loja i kostiju u trupu sa istim tkivima u trorebarnom odresku i količine mišićnog tkiva u trupu sa površinom M. longissimus dorsi. Ispitivanje je sprovedeno na muškim tovnim junadima domaće šarene rase prosečne mase pre klanja 503 kg. a totalnom disekcijom je utvrđena ukupna količina mišićnog. masnog i koštanog tkiva u trupu. Povezanost između mase mišićnog tkiva u trupu i mase mišićnog tkiva u trorebarnom odresku trupova prosečne mase 284 kg je r=0.69, znači jaka i pozitivna. Koeficijent korelacije između mase masnog i koštanog tkiva u trupu i mase masnog, odnosno koštanog tkiva u trorebarnom odresku za istu grupu iznosio je r=0.65 za masno tkivo i r=0.53 za koštano tkivo. Povezanost mase mišićnog tkiva u trupu prosečne mase 284 kg sa površinom poprečnog preseka M. longissimus dorsi na preseku 11. rebra iznosila je r=0.80

The Effect of Cantharellus Cibarius Addition on Quality Characteristics of Frankfurter during Refrigerated Storage

The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Cantharellus cibarius decoction and the effect of mushroom addition on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of frankfurters during refrigerated storage were studied. Mushroom addition significantly reduced (p lt 0.05) the formation of total aerobic mesophilic bacteria during storage. Regarding the texture, there was no negative effect in frankfurters with the mushroom added, compared to the control group of sausages. Generally, C. cibarius can be used as a natural ingredient in order to prevent the growth of microorganisms in cooked pork sausages, causing an extension in shelf life during chilled storage