Analisis Penggunaan Google Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kinerja (Studi Pada Mahasiswa S-1 Angkatan 2013-2014 Program Studi Administrasi Bisnis Fakultas Ilmu Administrasi Universitas Brawijaya)

The goal of this study to analyzes influence esay to use Google, usefulness Google, and use Google towards bachelor degree performence. The sample in this study is university student bachelor degree on 2013-2014 level at Administration Business Department, Administration Scients Faculty in Brawijaya University. They are 164 university students using questionnaire as the instrument of this research. The result showed that easy of use Google has positif significant towards usefulness Google, esay of use Google has positif significance towards use Google, usefulness Google has positif significant towards use Google, use Google has positif significant toward university students\u27 performance. Further showed that use Google that used by university student. The used of Goggle is considered easy and useful, in implementation. This research showed a high assessment is easy and usefull Google on its use towards university student\u27s performence

Novel Antimicrobial Strategies to Prevent Biofilm Infections in Catheters after Radical Cystectomy: A Pilot Study

Catheter-associated infections in bladder cancer patients, following radical cystectomy or ureterocutaneostomy, are very frequent, and the development of antibiotic resistance poses great challenges for treating biofilm-based infections. Here, we characterized bacterial communities from catheters of patients who had undergone radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. We evaluated the efficacy of conventional antibiotics, alone or combined with the human ApoB-derived antimicrobial peptide r(P)ApoBLAla, to treat ureteral catheter-colonizing bacterial communities on clinically isolated bacteria. Microbial communities adhering to indwelling catheters were collected during the patients' regular catheter change schedules (28 days) and extracted within 48 h. Living bacteria were characterized using selective media and biochemical assays. Biofilm growth and novel antimicrobial strategies were analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Statistical analyses confirmed the relevance of the biofilm reduction induced by conventional antibiotics (fosfomycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline) and a well-characterized human antimicrobial peptide r(P)ApoBLAla (1:20 ratio, respectively). Catheters showed polymicrobial communities, with Enterobactericiae and Proteus isolates predominating. In all samples, we recorded a meaningful reduction in biofilms, in both biomass and thickness, upon treatment with the antimicrobial peptide r(P)ApoBLAla in combination with low concentrations of conventional antibiotics. The results suggest that combinations of conventional antibiotics and human antimicrobial peptides might synergistically counteract biofilm growth on ureteral catheters, suggesting novel avenues for preventing catheter-associated infections in patients who have undergone radical cystectomy and ureterocutaneostomy

COVID-19 disease in clinical setting: impact on gonadal function, transmission risk, and sperm quality in young males.

Abstract Objectives We want to evaluate the possible presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in semen samples and semen quality, looking for a possible relationship between the infectious disease and fertility. Methods In this prospective study, we enrolled 15 consecutive men (age 18–50 years) with positive oropharyngeal swab to SARS-CoV-2 and classified, according to WHO criteria, in mild to moderate disease. A semen sample was collected to detect SARS-CoV viral RNA by the automated Real-Time PCR ELITe InGenius® system and the GeneFinderTM COVID-19 Plus RealAmp Kit assay (ELITechGroup, France). Analysis of semen characteristics was performed according to WHO laboratory manual 5th ed. for the examination and processing of human semen. Blood samples for the dosage of hormonal assay, procalcitonin, interleukin 6, C-reactive protein were obtained. Results SARS-CoV-2 RNA has not been detected in semen samples from any of the subjects analysed. Sperm analysis exhibited abnormal seminal values in 14 out of 15 patients (93.3%). Furthermore, no difference was detected regarding sperm quality between mild and moderate SARS-CoV-2 patients. No alteration in the inflammatory indices was observed in the studied population, as well gonadotropins and testosterone levels. Conclusions COVID patients studied exhibits alteration of the seminal fluid both in microscopic and macroscopic characteristics such as hypoposia and increased viscosity, which have not been detected in previous studies. The presence of viral RNA within the seminal fluid was excluded

detection and scavenging of hydroxyl radical via d phenylalanine hydroxylation in human fluids

Abstract Hydroxyl radical (.OH) is highly reactive, and therefore very short-lived. Finding new means to accurately detect .OH, and testing the ability of known .OH scavengers to neutralize them in human biological fluids would leverage our ability to more effectively counter oxidative (.OH) stress-mediated damage in human diseases. To achieve this, we pursued the evaluation of secondary products resulting from .OH attack, using a detection system based on Fenton reaction-mediated D -phenylalanine ( D -Phe) hydroxylation. This reaction in turn generates o-tyrosine (o-tyr), m-tyrosine (m-tyr) and p-tyrosine (p-tyr). Here, these isomers were separated by HPLC, equipped with fluorescence detectors due to the natural fluorescence of these hydrotyrosines. By extension, we found that, adding radical scavengers competed with D -Phe on .OH attack, thus allowing to determine the .OH quenching capacity of a given compound expressed as inhibition ratio percent (IR%). Using a kinetic approach, we then tested the .OH scavenging capacity (OHSC) of well-known antioxidant molecules. In a test tube, N,N′-dimethylthiourea (DMTU) was the most efficient scavenger as compared to Trolox and N-Acethyl- L -cysteine, with NAC being the less effective. OHSC assay was then applied to biological fluid samples as seminal plasma, human serum from normal subjects and patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD), colostrum and human breast milk from mothers that received daily doses of 30 g of chocolate (70% cocoa) during pregnancy. We found that a daily administration of dark chocolate during pregnancy almost doubled OHSC levels in breast milk (1.88 ± 0.12 times, p D -Phe hydroxylation is a suitable method for routine and non-invasive evaluation of .OH detection and its scavenging in human biological fluids

TIPT, a male germ cell-specific partner of TRF2, is chromatin-associated and interacts with HP1.

International audienceThe differentiation process of spermatogenesis is based on a finely timed program of transcriptional regulation and chromatin remodeling. Male germ cells utilize specialized transcription complexes, which display specific differences in the components of the general transcription machinery. The TATA-binding protein (TBP)-related protein 2 (TRF2) is essential for progression in spermiogenesis and for the structuring of the chromocenter, an heterochromatic structure unique of round spermatids. To decipher the molecular pathways of TRF2 action, we have searched for TRF2 partners in male germ cells. We have isolated TIPT (TRF2 interacting protein in testis), a relatively small protein that associates with TRF2 with affinity comparable to TFIIA. TIPT is uniquely expressed in testis, with a developmental pattern that temporally parallels the one of TRF2. Importantly, TIPT interacts also with HP1 proteins, thereby establishing an intriguing link between transcription and chromatin condensation. Association of TIPT with either TRF2 or HP1 occurs through the C-terminal domain in a mutually exclusive manner. These findings indicate that TIPT could contribute to the precise timing of the molecular events in male germ cells, specifically by linking transcription to chromatin remodeling in round spermatids

Temporal Association of Protamine 1 with the Inner Nuclear Membrane Protein Lamin B Receptor during Spermiogenesis

International audienceDuring mammalian spermiogenesis, histones are replaced by transition proteins, which are in turn replaced by protamines P1 and P2. P1 protamine contains a short arginine/serine-rich (RS) domain that is highly phosphorylated before being deposited into sperm chromatin and almost completely dephosphorylated during sperm maturation. We now demonstrate that, in elongating spermatids, this phosphorylation is required for the temporal association of P1 protamine with lamin B receptor (LBR), an inner nuclear membrane protein that also possesses a stretch of RS dipeptides at its nucleoplasmic NH(2)-terminal domain. Previous studies have shown that the cellular protein p32 also binds tightly to the unmodified RS domain of LBR. Extending those findings, we now present evidence that p32 prevents phosphorylation of LBR and furthermore that dissociation of this protein precedes P1 protamine association. Our data suggest that docking of protamine 1 to the nuclear envelope is an important intermediate step in spermiogenesis and reveal a novel role for SR protein kinases and p32

Transcriptional Control in Male Germ Cells: General Factor TFIIA Participates in CREM-Dependent Gene Activation

International audienceRegulation of gene expression in haploid male germ cells follows a number of specific rules that differ from somatic cells. In this physiological context, transcriptional control mediated by the activator CREM (cAMP-responsive element modulator) represents an established paradigm. In somatic cells activation by CREM requires its phosphorylation at a unique regulatory site (Ser117) and subsequent interaction with the ubiquitous coactivator CBP (cAMP response element binding protein-binding protein). In testis, CREM transcriptional activity is controlled through interaction with a tissue-specific partner, ACT (activator of CREM in testis), which confers a powerful, phosphorylation-independent activation capacity. In addition to specialized transcription factors and coactivators, a variety of general factors of the basal transcriptional machinery, and their distinct tissue-specific isoforms, are highly expressed in testis, supporting the general notion that testis-specific gene expression requires specialized mechanisms. Here, we describe that CREM interacts with transcription factor IIA (TFIIA), a general transcription factor that stimulates RNA polymerase II-directed transcription. This association was identified by a two-hybrid screen, using a testis-derived cDNA library, and confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation. The interaction is restricted to the activator isoforms of CREM and does not require Ser117. Importantly, CREM does not interact with TFIIAtau-ALF, a testis-specific TFIIA homolog. CREM and TFIIA are expressed in a spatially and temporally coordinated fashion during the differentiation program of germ cells. The two proteins also colocalize intracellularly in spermatocyte and spermatid cells. These findings contribute to the understanding of the highly specialized rules of transcriptional regulation in haploid germ cells

Neuroblastoma Cells Depend on CSB for Faithful Execution of Cytokinesis and Survival

Neuroblastoma, the most common extra-cranial solid tumor of early childhood, is one of the major therapeutic challenges in child oncology: it is highly heterogenic at a genetic, biological, and clinical level. The high-risk cases have one of the least favorable outcomes amongst pediatric tumors, and the mortality rate is still high, regardless of the use of intensive multimodality therapies. Here, we observed that neuroblastoma cells display an increased expression of Cockayne Syndrome group B (CSB), a pleiotropic protein involved in multiple functions such as DNA repair, transcription, mitochondrial homeostasis, and cell division, and were recently found to confer cell robustness when they are up-regulated. In this study, we demonstrated that RNAi-mediated suppression of CSB drastically impairs tumorigenicity of neuroblastoma cells by hampering their proliferative, clonogenic, and invasive capabilities. In particular, we observed that CSB ablation induces cytokinesis failure, leading to caspases 9 and 3 activation and, subsequently, to massive apoptotic cell death. Worthy of note, a new frontier in cancer treatment, already proved to be successful, is cytokinesis-failure-induced cell death. In this context, CSB ablation seems to be a new and promising anticancer strategy for neuroblastoma therapy.6n

The Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Oxidative Stress in Varicocele-Mediated Male Hypofertility

Varicocele (VC) is the most common abnormality identified in men evaluated for hypofertility. Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced antioxidants concentrations are key contributors in varicocele-mediated hypofertility. Moreover, inflammation and alterations in testicular immunity negatively impact male fertility. In particular, NLRP3 inflammasome activation was hypothesized to lead to seminal inflammation, in which the levels of specific cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18, are overexpressed. In this review, we described the role played by oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in VC disease. The consequences of ROS overproduction in testis, including inflammation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, chromatin damage, and sperm DNA fragmentation, leading to abnormal testicular function and failed spermatogenesis, were highlighted. Finally, we described some therapeutic antioxidant strategies, with recognized beneficial effects in counteracting OS and inflammation in testes, as possible therapeutic drugs against varicocele-mediated hypofertility