ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF CYRTANDRA (GESNERIACEAE) OF SUMATRA, INDONESIA

WANG, Q. W., BRAMLEY, G. L. C., ATKINS, H. J. & KARTONEGORO, A. 2022. Annotated checklist of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) of Sumatra, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 21(2): 63‒80. — There are 53 species and three varieties of Sumatran Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) included in the checklist. Thirty-three lectotypes and four neotypes have been assigned, including for two excluded species. Two species are designated as incertae sedis due to a lack of type material or any associated specimens. A new name of C. jackii is proposed here to replace the illegitimate C. glabra Jack. Most of the species included in the checklist are endemic to Sumatra, with some species distributed in neighboring islands in Malesia. The next step for Cyrtandra in Sumatra is to carry out a full taxonomic revision to better understand distribution patterns and species limits and also to assign appropriate neotypes for those species still missing original material

A molecular phylogeny of Southeast Asian Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) supports an emerging paradigm for Malesian plant biogeography

The islands of Southeast Asia comprise one of the most geologically and biogeographically complex areas in the world and are a centre of exceptional floristic diversity, harbouring 45,000 species of flowering plants. Cyrtandra, with over 800 species of herbs and shrubs, is the largest genus in the family Gesneriaceae and is one of the most emblematic and species-rich genera of the Malesian rainforest understorey. The high number of species and tendency to narrow endemism make Cyrtandra an ideal genus for examining biogeographic patterns. We sampled 128 Cyrtandra taxa from key localities across Southeast Asia to evaluate the geo-temporal patterns and evolutionary dynamics of this clade. One nuclear and four chloroplast regions were used for phylogenetic reconstruction, molecular dating, and ancestral range estimation. Results from the dating analysis suggest that the great diversity of Cyrtandra seen in the Malesian region results from a recent radiation, with most speciation taking place in the last five million years. Borneo was recovered as the most likely ancestral range of the genus, with the current distribution of species resulting from a west to east migration across Malesia that corresponds with island emergence and mountain building. Lastly, our investigation into the biogeographic history of the genus indicates high levels of floristic exchange between the islands on the Sunda shelf and the important role of the Philippines as a stepping stone to Wallacea and New Guinea. These patterns underlie much of the plant diversity in the region and form an emerging paradigm in Southeast Asian plant biogeography

Premna grandipaniculata (Lamiaceae, Premnoideae), a remarkable new species from north Myanmar

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Figure 3 from: Tan Y-H, Li D-R, Zhou S-S, Chen Y-J, Bramley GLC, Li B (2018) Premna grandipaniculata (Lamiaceae, Premnoideae), a remarkable new species from north Myanmar. In: Jin X-H, Shui Y-M, Tan Y-H, Kang M (Eds) Plant diversity in Southeast Asia. PhytoKeys 94: 117-123. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.22033

A remarkable new Premna species from Myanmar, P. grandipaniculata Y.H.Tan & Bo Li (Lamiaceae), is here described and illustrated. It differs from all known congeneric taxa by having huge complicated panicles which have tertiary branches formed by spike-like thyrses. In Premna, such a spike-like thyrse is found in P. bracteata and P. interrupta, but those species can be easily distinguished from P. grandipaniculata by their habit, indumentum, leaf size and inflorescence structure

A synopsis of Philippine Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae)

A taxonomic synopsis of Philippine Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) is presented. Following a study of 138 published names and their types, we accept 98 Cyrtandra species for the Philippine flora. Except for C. angularis, C. elatostemoides, and C. yaeyamae, all are endemic to the country. Lectotypes or neotypes are designated for all names for which this is necessary, except for six names for which we were unable to locate original material. We also validate a species name that was previously described without a Latin diagnosis (C. peninsula), synonymize three names, and provide taxonomic notes for each species. In addition, we propose two replacement names for taxa for which a legitimate name in Cyrtandra does not currently exist: C. edanoi for a Philippine species and C. siporensis for a Sumatran species. A look-up table is provided to facilitate referencing of currently accepted names in Philippine Cyrtandra