Nanoreinforcement strategies for enhancing biodegradable composites in biochemical applications within agriwaste valorisation

peer reviewedExploring secondary outputs, specifically leftover materials from steam distillation of Rosmarinus tournefortii de Noé, as agents for reducing metals introduces a novel approach to eco-friendly nanomaterial production. This concept aligns with the creation of environmentally conscious nanoparticles, showcasing potential across various fields, notably biomedicine. The paper seamlessly fits into this context. By utilizing R. tournefortii de Noé, successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was achieved, yielding nanoscale variations influenced by the plant's by-products. Beyond structural aspects, investigating biomedical applications, focusing on antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Consistently observing ∼94.9–97.3% scavenging inhibition in water residues at different concentrations and enhanced antimicrobial efficacy against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and Rhodotorula glutinis yeast due to these residues. Moreover, a thorough examination using density functional theory unveiled a robust interaction between silver clusters and specific biomolecules found within the residues, namely homoplantaginin, protocatechuic acid-glycoside, caffeic, and rosmarinic acids (ranging from 130.62 to 357.05 kcal/mol). These compounds notably enhance the reducing efficacy of Ag+ ions and contribute to the enduring stability of AgNPs (ζ values: -22.8 mV and -17.2 mV). Furthermore, the study recognizes challenges in finding alternative surface modification agents and explores the intricate toxicity mechanisms of silver nanoparticles, emphasizing their interactions with inflammation. Introducing promising nanomedicine approaches involving rosmarinic acid nanoparticles for inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis, highlighting the potential of rosemary by-products derived compounds in innovative therapeutic interventions for diverse inflammatory conditions

First responders occupancy, activity and vital signs monitoring - SAFESENS

This paper describes the development and implementation of the SAFESENS (Sensor Technologies for Enhanced Safety and Security of Buildings and its Occupants) location tracking and first responder monitoring demonstrator. An international research collaboration has developed a stateof-the-art wireless indoor location tracking system for first responders, focused initially on fire fighter monitoring. Integrating multiple gas sensors and presence detection technologies with building safety sensors and personal monitors has resulted in more accurate and reliable fire and occupancy detection information. This is invaluable to firefighters in carrying out their duties in hostile environments. This demonstration system is capable of tracking occupancy levels in an indoor environment as well as the specific location of fire fighters within those buildings, using a multi-sensor hybrid tracking system. This ultra-wideband indoor tracking system is one of the first of itsâ kind to provide indoor localization capability to sub meter accuracies with combined Bluetooth low energy capability for low power communications and additional inertial, temperature and pressure sensors. This facilitates increased precision in accuracy detection through data fusion, as well as the capability to communicate directly with smartphones and the cloud, without the need for additional gateway support. Glove based, wearable technology has been developed to monitor the vital signs of the first responder and provide this data in real time. The helmet mounted, wearable technology will also incorporate novel electrochemical sensors which have been developed to be able to monitor the presence of dangerous gases in the vicinity of the firefighter and again to provide this information in real time to the fire fighter controller. A SAFESENS demonstrator is currently deployed in Tyndall and is providing real time occupancy levels of the different areas in the building, as well as the capability to track the location of the first responders, their health and the presence of explosive gases in their vicinity. This paper describes the system building blocks and results obtained from the first responder tracking system demonstrator depicted

A Spatial Correlation Aware Scheme for Efficient Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks

International audienceOne of the most popular and efficient methods for conserving energy in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is data aggregation. This technique usually introduces an additional delay in the transmission of data packets. The inherent trade-off between energy consumption and end-to-end delay imposes an important decision to be made by the nodes, mainly to determine the most appropriate time for aggregating local/transiting packets and forwarding the resulting packet(s) to the next hop towards the sink. Most of the solutions proposed so far are either unable to significantly reduce the overhead caused by the redundant transmissions, or require a long waiting time before aggregating the received packets. To overcome the above limitations, we propose a novel scheme that ensures efficient and fast packets aggregation in WSNs. This scheme defines optimal decision making policies at the cluster head level (i.e. in a cluster based topology) to determine the appropriate waiting time before aggregating the local data sampling, as well as data sampling received from other neighbor cluster heads. The obtained evaluation results confirm the efficiency of our scheme in terms of the achieved end-to-end transmission delay for periodic packets and the reduced overhead. These results reveal also that our scheme outperforms other three literature schemes (no aggregation, randomized waiting and full aggregation) as it ensures the best compromise for aggregation saving and delay reduction

A generic cyber defense scheme based on stackelberg game for vehicular network

International audienceThe main purpose of the vehicular networks is ensuring road safety while providing passengers comfort. Thus, information security is one of the most important issues, which attracts researchers attention. Thereby, in this paper we propose a generic cyber defense scheme based on Stackelberg game to secure the vehicular network against cyber-attackers. In this game, we define two different players, the leader agent and follower agents which collaborate between each other to secure the vehicle node. The follower agents are Intrusion Detection System (IDS), Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) and Intrusion Reaction System (IRS) which aim to detect, predict and react respectively against the suspected node. The leader agent is the Intrusion Decision Agent (IDA), which has the capability to launch the IDS, IPS and IRS by taking into account the overhead and processing delay. Simulation resultants show that, our security scheme exhibits a low false positive and false negative rates, while generating a low overhead and delay as compared to the current detection and predication frameworks

Cyber Security Framework for Vehicular Network based on a Hierarchical Game

International audienc

Improving emergency messages transmission delay in road monitoring based WSNs

The main wireless technology used for events sensing and data collection is wireless sensor devices. These sensors are mounted on vehicles or in the roadside to send data collected periodically or upon incident detection. In this latter case, ensuring low transmission delay from the detector sensor to WSNs gateway is a real challenge. Indeed, faster notification of the Traffic Management System (TMS) leads to more efficient reaction to the emergency situation. Thus, cars collision and human lives loss as well as road traffic jam will be mitigated. In this paper, we investigate the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer in WSNs to improve the real time data collection scheme. To this end, we propose an enhanced backoff selection scheme for IEEE 802.15.4 protocol to ensure fast transmission of the detected events on the road towards the TMS. The main feature of our scheme is its ability to assign a shorter waiting time for messages carrying critical information without changing the basic principle of the backoff mechanism. The obtained simulation results under various scenarios have proven the effectiveness of our scheme in terms of transmission delay reductio

A Hidden Markov model based scheme for efficient and fast dissemination of safety messages in VANETs

Nowadays, Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication is attracting an increasing attention from car manufacturers due to its expected impact in improving driving safety and comfort. IEEE 802.11P is the primary channel access scheme used by vehicles; however it does not provide sufficient spectrum to ensure reliable exchange of safety information. To overcome this issue, many efforts have been devoted to enhance the frequency spectrum utilization efficiency. To this end, the Cognitive Radio (CR) principle has been applied to assist the vehicles to gain extra bandwidth through an opportunistic use of the unused spectrums in their surrounding. In this paper, we focus on safety messages for which we propose an original scheme that makes their exchange among the nearby vehicles more reliable with a significant reduce in their dissemination delay. This improvement is due to the use of a Hidden Markov Model that enables the prediction of the available channels for the subsequent time slots, leading to faster channel allocation for the vehicles. The obtained simulation results confirm the efficiency of our scheme. Keywords – VANETs, Safety Messages, IEEE 802.11P, Hidden Markov Model, Kalman Filter

Abstracts of 1st International Conference on Computational & Applied Physics

This book contains the abstracts of the papers presented at the International Conference on Computational & Applied Physics (ICCAP’2021) Organized by the Surfaces, Interfaces and Thin Films Laboratory (LASICOM), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Saad Dahleb Blida 1, Algeria, held on 26–28 September 2021. The Conference had a variety of Plenary Lectures, Oral sessions, and E-Poster Presentations. Conference Title: 1st International Conference on Computational & Applied PhysicsConference Acronym: ICCAP’2021Conference Date: 26–28 September 2021Conference Location: Online (Virtual Conference)Conference Organizer: Surfaces, Interfaces, and Thin Films Laboratory (LASICOM), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Saad Dahleb Blida 1, Algeria

High-Dose Dexamethasone and Oxygen Support Strategies in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Severe COVID-19 Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure

International audienc