Consumo de alcohol y riesgo de accidentes de tráfico en España. Aspectos preventivos

Introducción: Las bebidas alcohólicas se consumen ampliamente en todo el mundo y también en España. Aunque la mayoría de la población adulta tiene un patrón de consumo de bajo riesgo, existen personas que presentan patrones lesivos de consumo que van desde el bebedor diario de gran cantidad, al consumo de riesgo ocasional/social. Esta situación genera problemas de seguridad vial en casi todos los países asociados a cambios en el rendimiento psicomotor del consumidor con posterior repercusión en riesgo de accidentes. Método: Para realizar esta revisión se han consultado la base de datos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud: World Health Organization. Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH) y los resultados del estudio EDADES. Se ha hecho una búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed y otras bases de datos de referencia (Latindex, Scopus, Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud –IBECS sobre los términos de búsqueda: alcohol consumption and road traffic injuries, seleccionándose a criterio de los autores aquellos trabajos considerados más significativos). Conclusiones: Se trata de un complejo problema con repercusión individual en los afectados y trascendencia socioeconómica y en la que destaca la especial implicación en sus efectos de las personas más jóvenes, lo que requiere de un esfuerzo preventivo conjunto sanitario, social y de las Administraciones Públicas para obtener resultados en plazos lo más breves posible y reducir la mortalidad, morbilidad y limitaciones resultantes ocasionadas por la conducción bajo los efectos de las bebidas alcohólicas, con frecuencia asociados al consumo de otro tipo de drogas y aceptado cada vez más por la sociedad en actividades de ocio.Introduction: Alcoholic beverages are widely consumed around the world and also in Spain. Although most of the adult population has a pattern of low-risk drinking, there are people with harmful drinking patterns ranging from daily drinker wealth, consumption casual / social risk. This creates traffic problems in almost all countries associated with changes in psychomotor performance consumer with subsequent impact on accident risk. Methods: To perform this review we have consulted the database of the World Health Organization: World Health Organization. Global Information System on Alcohol and Health ( GISAH ) and the results of the EDADES study. It has become a literature search in PubMed and other databases of reference (Latindex Scopus Spanish Bibliographic Index of Health Sciences -IBECS about search terms: Alcohol Consumption and road traffic injuries, and have been selected by the authors tose works considered more relevants. Conclusions: This is a complex issue with individual impact on those affected and socio-economic importance and which highlights the special involvement in the effects of younger people, which requires a preventive effort overall health, social and government for results in shorter periods and may reduce mortality, morbidity and resulting limitations caused by driving under the influence of alcoholic beverages, often associated with the consumption of other drugs and increasingly accepted by society in leisure activities

Predicting Recurrence and Progression in Patients with Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Systematic Review on the Performance of Risk Stratification Models

BACKGROUND: Several classifications have been reported to stratify non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in risk groups according to the probability of recurrence and progression. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the current evidence regarding risk stratification of NMIBC. METHODS: The systematic review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Studies providing data on development and/or external validation cohorts of models and risk stratification tables for recurrence and/or progression for patients with NMIBC, reporting at least one discrimination measure (AUC or C-Index) were included. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies involving 22,737 patients were included. Six classifications were identified, three of them were predictive models (EORTC, CUETO, EAU 2021) and three were based on expert opinion (EAU 2020, AUA, NCCN). A high risk of bias was present in the majority of the studies. Certain heterogenicity was found among the studies regarding adjuvant therapy, postoperative instillation or second resection. The definition of oncological outcomes was not standardized in the included studies. CUETO and EORTC scoring systems are the most validated. In general, validations showed a poor discrimination capability to predict recurrence, slightly better for progression. The EAU 2021 model overestimates the risk of progression in patients treated with BCG. Carcinoma in situ is underrepresented in all the studies analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: The existing classifications show poor discrimination capability for recurrence and possibly helpful discrimination capability for progression in NMIBC patients. These results highlight the unmet need to develop novel accurate risk models for patients with NMIBC, which could be improved with the combination of clinicopathological and molecular information

Corrigendum to "RPN (Radius, Position of tumour, iNvasion of renal sinus) Classification and Nephrometry Scoring System: An Internationally Developed Clinical Classification To Describe the Surgical Difficulty for Renal Masses for Which Robotic Partial Nephrectomy Is Planned" [Eur. Urol. Open Sci. 54 (2023) 33-42].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2023.05.007.]

The Inner Triplet String Facility for HL-LHC: Design and Planning

In the framework of the HL-LHC project, full-scale integration and operational tests of the superconducting magnet chain, from the inner triplet quadrupoles up to the first separation/recombination dipole, are planned in conditions as similar as possible to the final set-up in the LHC tunnel. The IT String includes all of the required systems for operation at nominal conditions, such as vacuum, cryogenics, warm and cold powering equipment, and protection systems. The IT String is intended to be both an assembly, and an integration test stand, and a full rehearsal of the systems working in unison. It will, closely reproducing the mechanical, electrical, and thermo-hydraulic interfaces of the final installation, as well as allowing a full rehearsal of the systems working in unison. This paper describes the conceptual design, the test stand’s reference configuration, and the main goals. It also summarizes the status of the main activities, including the detailed design of the test infrastructure, procurement of main equipment, the baseline installation schedule, and major milestones. The first version of the experimental program and the associated planning are also presented